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1.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 8(3): 117-20, 2004.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15368795

ABSTRACT

We report a case of a 45 year old woman which fulfilled the criteria of chronic urticaria (remitting and relapsing bouts of erythematous and pruriginuos lesions without angioedema, lasted four months). Cutaneous manifestations were not related to a specific inducing factor, had no benefit from antihystamine and steroid drugs and were associated sometimes with mild gastroentric disorders. Patient was submitted to extensive clinical, laboratory and intrumental investigations which permit to exclude many conditions: allergy to inhalants, food, insects and drug adverse reactions, autoimmune urticaria, autoimmune diseases, neoplastic and infectious diseases. Finally coprocolture disclosed the presence of Blastocystis hominis in stool samples thus permitting to associate urticaria to parasitic infection. Both cutaneous manifestations and mild abdomen disturbs disappeared after appropriate treatment. Despite the high diffusion the aetiopathogenesis of chronic urticaria remains often undefined. A large number of parasites have been correlated with urticaria but few data exist as regards Blastocystis hominis infection; then our findings may add evidence to the role of this parasite in inducing chronic urticaria. Considering that Blastocystis hominis is a modest pathogen for humans, the mechanism is probably the typical one of cutaneous allergic hypersensitivity; antigen parasites induce the activation of specific clones of Th2 lymphocytes, the release of related cytokines and the consequent IgE production.


Subject(s)
Blastocystis Infections/diagnosis , Urticaria/diagnosis , Animals , Blastocystis Infections/drug therapy , Blastocystis hominis/isolation & purification , Chronic Disease , Diagnosis, Differential , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Feces/parasitology , Female , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Humans , Italy , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Middle Aged , Paromomycin/therapeutic use , Urticaria/drug therapy , Urticaria/parasitology
2.
Clin Exp Allergy ; 28(5): 591-6, 1998 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9645596

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Contrasting data have been found on the prevalence of atopy in children with otitis media with effusion (OME). A major issue would be to determine whether screening for atopy should be recommended. Setting Centre for Study of Otitis Media with Effusion, Tabiano Terme, Parma, Italy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of OME to atopy. METHODS: The subjects were 172 children with OME and a control group of 200 children. The protocol included a questionnaire survey of diseases associated with atopy, a skin-prick test and a clinical evaluation of allergic symptoms and hypersensitivity to aeroallergens. RESULTS: No significant difference between patients and control group was observed for family history of atopy or positive skin-prick test reactions. Symptoms associated with atopy occurred significantly more frequently in the group with OME (P<0.001), though only the presence of rhinitis or atopic eczema was significantly associated with OME. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of positive skin-prick tests results is not enhanced in children with OME. Nevertheless, the association of OME with symptoms associated with atopy suggests that such concomitant diseases may play a part in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Children with allergic rhinitis or atopic eczema should be investigated by tympanometry for OME.


Subject(s)
Hypersensitivity, Immediate/complications , Otitis Media with Effusion/complications , Acoustic Impedance Tests , Adolescent , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/epidemiology , Italy/epidemiology , Otitis Media with Effusion/epidemiology , Prevalence , Skin Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Cardiologia ; 43(10): 1101-3, 1998 Oct.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9922576

ABSTRACT

A 60-year-old male patient was urgently admitted to the hospital with chest pain, anemia and shock. The echocardiographic examination revealed myocardial tamponade and, unexpectedly, a mobile mass in the right atrium, prolapsing in the right ventricle which was indicative of myxoma. The patient underwent pericardiocentesis which showed the presence of blood. Cardiac surgery was then performed to remove the tumor which was found to originate in the right atrial appendage. There were some adhesions between the atrial appendage and the anterior wall of the right ventricle. The tamponade was due to a trauma of some small pericardial arteries in the adhesion area. The presence of tamponade and right atrial myxoma, is the peculiar finding of the reported case.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Tamponade/etiology , Heart Neoplasms/complications , Myxoma/complications , Cardiac Tamponade/diagnosis , Cardiac Tamponade/surgery , Emergencies , Heart Atria , Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis , Heart Neoplasms/surgery , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myxoma/diagnosis , Myxoma/surgery
4.
Eur Respir J ; 10(11): 2609-11, 1997 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9426104

ABSTRACT

The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis is not yet known. On the basis of seroepidemiological data, an association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and sarcoidosis has been suggested, but so far no study has addressed the direct detection of this agent in the affected tissues. The aim of the present study was to detect C. pneumoniae deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) within sarcoid tissue specimens by means of a two-step polymerase chain reaction. Lung biopsy specimens of 33 patients with histologically confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis and 21 control lung biopsies or pathology specimens of patients with pulmonary carcinoma or emphysema were retrospectively analysed. A nested polymerase chain reaction was applied using two sets of primers designed to detect a fragment of the 16 strand ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene of C. pneumoniae. The results of the study failed to demonstrate the presence of C. pneumoniae in biopsy specimens of sarcoid tissue and in the control lung biopsies or pathology specimens. Our results, therefore, tend to rule out the possibility of a direct involvement of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.


Subject(s)
Chlamydophila pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Lung/microbiology , Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary/microbiology , Adult , Biopsy , Case-Control Studies , DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Female , Humans , Lung/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/microbiology , Male , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pulmonary Emphysema/microbiology , Retrospective Studies , Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary/pathology
5.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg ; 115(5): 454-7, 1996 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8903447

ABSTRACT

The pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion is still under debate, but allergic sensitization has been suggested in some cases. We investigated whether nasal cytology may indicate an allergic pathogenesis for otitis media with effusion. Atopic symptoms, results of skin prick tests to common aeroallergens, and nasal cytology by nasal scraping were evaluated in 40 children with current otitis media with effusion and compared with findings in a group of 40 healthy children. The presence of nasal eosinophils was significantly more frequent in children with otitis media with effusion than in the control group (p < 0.05). Nasal eosinophils were significantly associated with both allergic rhinitis (p < 0.001) and positive skin prick test results (p < 0.001). Allergic rhinitis with nasal eosinophilia was found in six children of the study group and in one child of the control group (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that nasal allergic inflammation may play a role in a subset of patients with otitis media with effusion. Therefore the possibility of allergic sensitization must always be considered in patients with serous otitis media.


Subject(s)
Eosinophils/cytology , Otitis Media with Effusion/diagnosis , Turbinates/cytology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/diagnosis
6.
EMBO J ; 14(21): 5379-86, 1995 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7489727

ABSTRACT

DNA replication in mammalian cells occurs in discrete nuclear foci called 'replication factories'. Here we show that DNA ligase I, the main DNA ligase activity in proliferating cells, associates with the factories during S phase but displays a diffuse nucleoplasmic distribution in non-S phase nuclei. Immunolocalization analysis of both chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT)-DNA ligase I fusion proteins and epitope tagged DNA ligase I mutants allowed the identification of a 13 amino acid functional nuclear localization signal (NLS) located in the N-terminal regulatory domain of the protein. Furthermore, the NLS is immediately preceded by a 115 amino acid region required for the association of the enzyme with the replication factories. We propose that in vivo the activity of DNA ligase I could be modulated through the control of its sub-nuclear compartmentalization.


Subject(s)
Cell Nucleus/enzymology , DNA Ligases/metabolism , DNA Replication , 3T3 Cells , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , Cell Cycle , DNA Ligase ATP , DNA Ligases/chemistry , HeLa Cells , Humans , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Sequence Analysis
7.
Mol Carcinog ; 14(2): 71-4, 1995 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7576101

ABSTRACT

We mapped the murine DNA ligase I gene (Lig1) in the mouse genome by using a mapping panel from an interspecific cross. Lig1 mapped to a centromeric part of chromosome 7, a region homologous to human chromosome 19q, where the human homologue LIG1 was localized. In addition, Lig1 expression was analyzed during the course of mouse liver-cell regeneration induced by partial hepatectomy, necrogenic doses of carbon tetrachloride, or the mitogen 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene. The results demonstrate that Lig1 is expressed in the liver during active cell proliferation.


Subject(s)
DNA Ligases/genetics , Mice/genetics , Animals , Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning/enzymology , Cell Division , Chromosome Mapping , Female , Gene Expression , Genetic Linkage , Hepatectomy , Liver Regeneration , Male , Mice, Inbred Strains , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Pyridines/pharmacology , RNA, Messenger/genetics
8.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 23(6): 962-6, 1995 Mar 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7731810

ABSTRACT

We have studied the regulation of DNA ligase I gene expression in UV-C irradiated human primary fibroblasts. An increase of approximately 6-fold both in DNA ligase I messenger and activity levels was observed 24 h after UV treatment, when nucleotide excision repair (NER) is no longer operating. DNA ligase I induction is serum-independent and is controlled mainly by the steady-state level of its mRNA. The activation is a function of the UV dose and occurs at lower doses in cells showing UV hypersensitivity. No increase in replicative DNA polymerase alpha activity was found, indicating that UV induction of DNA ligase I occurs through a pathway that differs from the one causing activation of the replication machinery. These data suggest that DNA ligase I induction could be linked to the repair of DNA damage not removed by NER.


Subject(s)
DNA Ligases/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/radiation effects , Ultraviolet Rays , Cells, Cultured , DNA Damage , DNA Ligase ATP , DNA Repair/physiology , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Fibroblasts/enzymology , Fibroblasts/physiology , Humans , RNA, Messenger/analysis , S Phase , Xeroderma Pigmentosum/enzymology
9.
Biochimie ; 77(11): 906-12, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8824772

ABSTRACT

To characterize nucleotide excision repair properties of cells from trichothiodystrophy (TTD) patients genetically-related to the xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) group D, TTD skin fibroblasts from two unrelated patients (TTD1VI and TTD2VI) belonging to the TTD/XPD group were transformed with a plasmid containing SV40 large T antigen-coding sequences and some DNA repair properties, such as unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS), UV-survival, in vitro repair synthesis of cell extracts and reactivation of UV-irradiated reporter plasmid were studied. Results showed that: a) both untransformed and transformed TTD cells present a reduced UV-survival, compared to wild-type cells, but at significantly less reduced levels than XP-D cells; b) reduced repair activities were detected in both TTD and XP-D transformed cells by using in vitro cell free extract repair and reactivation of UV-irradiated plasmid procedures, and these relative reduced extents correlated with respective UV-survival; c) surprisingly, near wild-type UDS levels were detected in TTD2VILas transformed cells at different passages after the crisis, suggesting a phenotypic reversion of this transformed cell line; d) fluoro-cytometric analysis of TTD2VILas cells revealed a strong increase of a cell population containing a DNA amount more than twice as high than that of untransformed cells; finally, e) when UDS data were normalized to the DNA content in TTD2VILas cells, it appeared that the repair efficiency was only slightly higher than in untransformed cells. This implies that in transformed cells DNA repair properties should be evaluated, taking into account additional parameters. We obtained an immortalized TTD cell line which maintains DNA repair properties similar to those of parental untransformed cells and may be used to characterize the TTD defect at genetic, molecular and biochemical levels.


Subject(s)
Cell Transformation, Viral/genetics , DNA Repair/genetics , DNA/biosynthesis , Hair Diseases/genetics , Simian virus 40/genetics , Xeroderma Pigmentosum/genetics , Cell Extracts , Cell Line , DNA/radiation effects , Fibroblasts/cytology , Fibroblasts/radiation effects , Hair Diseases/pathology , Humans , Phenotype , Plasmids , Ultraviolet Rays , Xeroderma Pigmentosum/pathology
10.
Gene ; 144(2): 253-7, 1994 Jul 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8039710

ABSTRACT

A complementary DNA (2961 bp) containing the complete coding sequence for murine DNA ligase I was isolated from a mouse fibroblast cDNA library using a cDNA encoding the human protein as a probe. An open reading frame of 2748 bp, encoding a protein of 916 amino acids (aa), was identified. Northern blot analysis of total RNA extracted from mouse fibroblasts showed a single band with a mobility corresponding to a size of 3.2 kb whose level increases upon serum stimulation of quiescent mouse NIH-3T3 cells. Alignment of the murine and human deduced aa sequences showed an overall 83% identity, that rises to 91% if only the sequence on the C-terminal portion of the protein containing the active site is considered.


Subject(s)
DNA Ligases/genetics , 3T3 Cells , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , Blotting, Northern , Blotting, Southern , Cloning, Molecular , DNA Ligase ATP , DNA, Complementary , Humans , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Restriction Mapping , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
11.
Minerva Cardioangiol ; 42(7-8): 339-43, 1994.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7970027

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the anatomic site of accessory pathways using surface electrocardiogram in patients affected by Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW), and compare it to the stability of preexcitation, symptoms, incidence of arrhythmias, and the possible association of mitral valve prolapse with the localization of preexcitation. From March 1992 to August 1993 at the Cardiology Service of the Civil Hospital "Augusto Murri" in Fermo, USL 21 of the Marche Region, a total of 40 subjects suffering from WPW syndrome were examined prospectively (28 males and 12 females aged between 13 and 75 years). Using surface ECG to evaluate the axis of the delta wave in 12 standard derivations, the authors identified the anatomic site of the accessory pathways. Preexcitation stability was analysed for each patient together with the reported symptoms and the various forms of arrhythmia using dynamic ECG and effort ECG performed using a cycloergometer. Wherever possible an echocardiogram was performed to identify the possible presence of mitral valve prolapse. Out of a total of 40 patients the authors identified 3 cases with an accessory right antero-septal pathway, 13 with an anomalous postero-septal fasciculus, 11 with a right lateral and 13 with a left lateral anomaly. The statistical analysis of data revealed the stability of pre-excitation in 52.5% of cases 55% of patients were found to have a positive record with regard to past symptoms, and supraventricular or ventricular cardiac arrhythmia were diagnosed in 52.5% of the patients examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications , Mitral Valve Prolapse/complications , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve Prolapse/diagnosis , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/complications , Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome/physiopathology
12.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 20(23): 6209-14, 1992 Dec 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1475182

ABSTRACT

We have studied the regulation of mammalian DNA ligase I gene by using a cDNA probe in Northern blot experiments with RNA extracted from several cell types in different growth conditions. DNA ligase I mRNA is detected in all analysed cell systems, regardless of their proliferation state, including mature rat neurons. A significant increase in DNA ligase I mRNA level is observed when cells are induced to proliferate, in agreement with the raise of DNA joining activity found in the same cell systems. The increase parallels the start of DNA synthesis, but the messenger remains at high level beyond the end of the S phase and is detected also in the presence of aphidicolin. A decrease in DNA ligase I mRNA is observed in HL-60 and NIH-3T3 cells after differentiation. The high stability of DNA ligase I mRNA in both resting and proliferating human fibroblasts suggests a cell proliferation dependent rate of transcription. On the other hand the presence of a basal level of DNA ligase I in nondividing cells, strongly suggests an involvement of this enzyme in DNA repair. This conclusion is supported by a threefold increase in DNA ligase I observed 24 h after UV irradiation of human confluent primary fibroblasts.


Subject(s)
Cell Differentiation/genetics , Cell Division/genetics , DNA Ligases/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , 3T3 Cells , Animals , Base Sequence , Cells, Cultured , DNA/radiation effects , DNA Damage , DNA Ligase ATP , DNA Ligases/metabolism , DNA Repair , Humans , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Rats , Tumor Cells, Cultured , Ultraviolet Rays
13.
Surg Endosc ; 3(1): 42-5, 1989.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2652353

ABSTRACT

The usefulness of real-time ultrasonography as a guidance method in performing percutaneous renal biopsy is evaluated on the basis of a series of 114 patients with diffuse nephropathies. Sufficient renal tissue for light microscopy was obtained in 102 patients (89.5%) and enough for electron microscopy in 93 patients (81.6%) and for fluorescence microscopy in 91 patients (79.8%). A final histological diagnosis was possible in 106 patients (93%). The high diagnostic rate, the reduction in the contraindications to the procedure, the lack of major postbiopsy complications, and the cost effectiveness probably make realtime ultrasound scanning the method of choice when performing renal biopsy in patients with diffuse nephropathies.


Subject(s)
Biopsy, Needle/methods , Kidney Diseases/pathology , Kidney/pathology , Ultrasonography , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Electron
14.
Hepatogastroenterology ; 34(4): 137-40, 1987 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3311951

ABSTRACT

The usefulness of ultrasound and echo-guided fine-needle biopsy (FNB) in the diagnosis of focal fatty liver change (FFLC) is stressed, on the basis of a retrospective series of 21 patients (8 of whom with a past history of primary cancer), followed-up for a mean period of 13.7 months. FFLC presented with various echographic patterns, shapes, dimensions and localizations. In 17 patients the diagnosis of FFLC was made by FNB, yielding cytologic and/or histological samples with steatotic, but also normal, hepatocytes. In another 4 patients the diagnosis was made by echographic follow-up. In all patients, clinical, hematological and echographic follow-up excluded the onset of neoplastic disease, confirming the high specificity of FNB in diagnosing FFLC. The possibility of changing appearance over time, and the inconstant correlation of FFLC with known causes of hepatic steatosis are discussed, as well as the hypothesis that the focal defect seen with ultrasound, could be an area of normal hepatic tissue in a fatty liver. The authors affirm the necessity to perform FNB on each doubtful lesion, but certainly when the patient has a history of malignancy.


Subject(s)
Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Liver/pathology , Ultrasonography , Adult , Aged , Biopsy, Needle/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies
15.
Sem Hop ; 59(20): 1519-22, 1983 May 19.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6308773

ABSTRACT

Zinc, an important enzymatic cofactor, takes part in numerous metabolic pathways. In man, zinc deficiencies may be due either to deficient absorption or to excessive use. In this study in 285 patients hospitalized in a department of internal medicine for acute or chronic conditions, serum zinc assays have shown the following results: serum zinc concentrations are significantly decreased in acute critical conditions (cardiovascular ischemic disorders, heart failure, infections); in chronic conditions, serum zinc is decreased in some instances (renal failure, cancer, alcoholism, diarrhea), while it remains normal in others (compensated heart failure, non-insulin dependent diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity). The fall in serum zinc concentrations is usually correlated with the severity of the clinical condition.


Subject(s)
Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Zinc/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Female , Gastrointestinal Diseases/blood , Humans , Infections/blood , Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood , Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/blood
18.
J Pharm Sci ; 67(1): 118-9, 1978 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-619099

ABSTRACT

A simple, rapid, and sensitive simultaneous quantitative determination of phenylpropanolamine and chlorpheniramine in human urine by GLC, using a nitrogen specific detector, is described. After alkaline extraction from urine, phenylpropanolamine and chlorpheniramine are analyzed directly by GLC, without a derivatization step. Promethazine was used as the internal standard. The total assay time is less than 30 min. The method is useful in studies of pharmacokinetic and pharmacological interactions of drug combinations.


Subject(s)
Chlorpheniramine/urine , Phenylpropanolamine/urine , Chromatography, Gas/methods , Humans
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