Subject(s)
Chromosome Deletion , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/complications , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/genetics , Bone Marrow , Child , Child, Preschool , Hemoglobins , Humans , Male , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/diagnosis , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/physiopathologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The objective was to compare antiplatelet effect of lycopene with aspirin and to study effect of combination of the two on platelet aggregation in vitro, using platelets from healthy volunteers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Platelets were harvested; platelet count of platelet-rich plasma adjusted to 2.5 Χ 10(5)/µL. Aspirin (140 µmol/L) and lycopene (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 µmol/L) were studied in vitro against adenosine-5'- diphosphate (ADP) (2.5 µM/L) and collagen. RESULTS: All the concentrations of lycopene (4-12 µmol/L) exhibited reduction in maximum platelet aggregation induced by aggregating agents ADP and collagen (P < 0.01 vs. vehicle) and were comparable with aspirin. Lycopene at concentration 10 µmol/L showed maximum platelet inhibition (47.05% ± 19.56%) against ADP, whereas lycopene at concentration 8 µmol/L showed maximum platelet inhibition (54.26% ± 30.71%) against collagen. Four µmol/L of lycopene combined with 140 µmol/L and 70 µmol/L aspirin showed greater inhibition of platelets as compared to aspirin 140 µmol/L alone, against both ADP and collagen. CONCLUSION: The study favorably compares lycopene and aspirin with respect to their antiplatelet activities against ADP and collagen. Lycopene can be considered as a potential target for modifying the thrombotic and pro-inflammatory events associated with platelet activation.
Subject(s)
Aspirin/pharmacology , Carotenoids/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Adult , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Carotenoids/administration & dosage , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Lycopene , Male , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosageABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ayurvedic literature claims that Boerhavia diffusa possesses rejuvenative properties especially related to the urinary system. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effect of aqueous extract of root of Boerhavia diffusa in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study was conducted in two parts, using 40 rats in each part. Rats were equally divided into five groups for each part. Group 1: Normal control, Group 2: Disease control and Groups 3, 4, and 5: α-lipoic acid (ALA) and 200 and 400 mg/kg of B. diffusa, respectively. All groups, except Group 1, concomitantly received gentamicin 150 mg/kg/day for 10 days. Parameters measured in part I were blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, kidney malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels, kidney injury on histopathology; in part II, paraaminohippurate (PAH) clearance. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mean ± SD of body weight, creatinine, BUN, MDA, GSH and PAH clearance were compared using parametric tests. Median histopathology scores were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test. 'P' value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: High dose of gentamicin caused significant elevation in BUN, serum creatinine and kidney MDA, fall in kidney GSH and histopathological damage in disease control group as compared with normal control (P < 0.05). Treatment with B. diffusa prevented changes in above parameters, comparable to ALA. Effects of both doses of B. diffusa were significantly better than disease control (P < 0.05).B. diffusa did not show significant improvement in PAH clearance, which was reduced due to gentamicin damage. CONCLUSION: B. diffusa exerted protection against structural and functional damage induced by gentamicin possibly due to its antioxidant properties.
