Managing office worker presenteeism by providing financial aid for acupuncture therapy: a pragmatic multicenter randomized comparative study.

To evaluate whether financial aid for acupuncture therapy is beneficial for non-manufacturing job workers (office workers) who are aware of reduced job performance due to health issues (presenteeism), a four-wk pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted with office workers who were aware of their presenteeism. The control group only implemented the workplace-recommended presenteeism measures, whereas the intervention group received financial aid for acupuncture therapy of up to 8,000 JPY (Japanese yen) in addition to implementing the presenteeism measures recommended by each workplace. The major outcome measure was the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire relative presenteeism score. A total of 203 patients were assigned to the intervention (n=103) and control (n=108) groups. The intervention group underwent a median of 1.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 1.0 to 2.0) sessions of acupuncture for neck disorders (64%), back disorders (16%), and depressed mood/anxiety/irritation (5%), among others. Results showed that the intervention group had slightly better job performance than the control group (effect size [r]=0.15, p=0.03). Financial aid for acupuncture therapy may help compensate for losses incurred by enterprises in the form of 14,117 JPY per worker a month.

Effects of Noninvasive Skin Stimulation with Microcones on Constipation: A Double-Blinded Controlled Study.

Objective: The use of noninvasive skin stimulation with microcones for constipation is promising. However, no double-blinded study has assessed the effects of this approach on constipation. The goal of this research was to assess the effects on constipation when using noninvasive skin stimulation with microcones. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded, controlled study included 44 subjects, each with a score of 5 points or higher on the Japanese version of the Constipation Assessment Scale (CAS-J). The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) a stimulation group (skin-stimulation device with microcones; n = 23; group S) and (2) a placebo group (identical device without microcones; n = 21; group P). The subjects were required to attach the skin-stimulation devices to both cavum conchae with dedicated bandages every day for 2 months by themselves. Main Outcome Measures: This study assessed the severity of constipation, total mood disturbance (TMD) score, and salivary amylase activity (SAA) in each subject. Measurements were obtained before, during, and after the intervention. Results: With regard to the CAS-J score, significant differences were observed in both groups; however, no significant differences were observed between the groups. With regard to the TMD score, significant differences were observed in group S but not in group P. With regard to SAA, there were no significant differences in both groups; however, significant differences were noted after the intervention between the groups. Conclusions: Noninvasive skin stimulation with microcones could relieve constipation and improve TMD scores and SAA activity. This procedure may be used as a self-care option.

Demand for CAM Practice at Hospitals in Japan: A Population Survey in Mie Prefecture.

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies have been provided at hospitals along with conventional medicine in industrialized nations. Previous studies conducted in Japan revealed high proportion of Japanese had experience of using CAM, but failed to discuss how it should be provided. The present study aims to clarify the demand for CAM practice at hospitals in Japan. A questionnaire consisting of 41 questions was mailed to 10 000 adults randomly selected from the electoral roll of Mie prefecture, Japan in January 2007. The questionnaire asked the subjects about demand for CAM practice at hospitals, types of CAM therapy to be provided and associated reasons. Sociodemographic characteristics, perceived health status, experience and purpose of CAM use, and information resource for CAM were also surveyed. Completed answers were collected from 2824 (28.6%) respondents. Two thousand and nineteen (71.5%) of the respondents demanded CAM practice at hospitals with the most likely reason of "patients can receive treatment under the guidance of a physicians". The three most popular CAM therapies were Kampo, acupressure/massage/Shiatsu and acupuncture/moxibustion. The demand was positively associated with gender, ages of 40-59 years, annual household incomes of 5-7 million yen, occupation of specialist and technical workers and sales workers and poor health status. Higher demand was observed among those who used both CAM and conventional medical therapies for curative purposes. In conclusion, Japanese show a high demand for CAM practice, hoping to use CAM for curative purposes with monitoring by physicians at hospitals.

Acupuncture can reduce perceived pain, mood disturbances and medical expenses related to low back pain among factory employees.

To investigate the effects of acupuncture on perceived pain, mood disturbances and medical expenses related to low back pain (LBP), an intervention study was performed among 72 employees of a steel company, 70 males and 2 females, aged 53.1+/-7.1 (mean+/-SD) yr, with LBP. They received acupuncture treatment once a week for 8 wk (from October to December 1998) by licensed acupuncturists, adopting a new hypothesis of the Meridian test. Perceived pain scale, and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were administered. Past and present histories of employees' visits to hospitals and their medical expenses for LBP were surveyed from receipts obtained from the subjects' branch factory and from receipts from another nearby branch factory (control) during the period from April 1998 to March 1999. After 8 wk of treatment, patients with LBP reported diminished pain (p<0.01). POMS showed a significant decrease in the total mood disturbance score (p<0.001). The number of visits to conventional hospitals (12.1+/-8.0 vs. 0.8+/-0.8 per month, p<0.05) and standardized medical expenses for LBP (100.1+/-89.6 vs. 7.3+/-6.9 per month, p<0.05) after acupuncture intervention (November 1998 to March 1999) were significantly decreased as compared with those before intervention (April 1998 to October 1998). In contrast, such decreases were not observed in employees from the control branch factory. It is suggested that acupuncture can reduce medical expenses for LBP through improvement in mood and pain.

[Use of complementary and alternative medicines among factory workers: investigation of workers in manufacturing].

To elucidate the situation of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in an occupational health setting, workers in a factory of a housing construction business were surveyed using self-administered questionnaires on their utilization of CAM in the past 12 months, out-of-pocket expenditures on CAM and ordinary western medicines (OWM), and reasons for the use of CAM. A total of 263 workers (84.3%) completed the questionnaires. Among them, 134 (51%) had received CAM therapy in the last 12 months: i.e. nutritional and tonic drinks (35.4%), supplements (16.3%), massage (13.7%), chiropractic or osteopathy (8.7%), health-related appliances (6.5%), herb or kampo (3.4%), aromatherapy (1.9%), acupuncture (1.9%), or other therapy (1.5%). Reasons for the use of CAM was "the condition was not serious enough to warrant OWM" and "expectation of health promotion or disease prevention" for 70 (51.9%) and 53 (39.3%) subjects, respectively. Average annual out-of-pocket expenditures for CAM and OWM were 17,500 and 21,300 yen, respectively. It seems important to further widen awareness and knowledge of CAM in occupational health.