ABSTRACT
The measurement of sulfide, especially hydrogen sulfide, has held the attention of the analytical community due to its unique physiological and pathophysiological roles in biological systems. Electrochemical detection offers a rapid, highly sensitive, affordable, simple, and real-time technique to measure hydrogen sulfide concentration, which has been a well-documented and reliable method. This review details up-to-date research on the electrochemical detection of hydrogen sulfide (ion selective electrodes, polarographic hydrogen sulfide sensors, etc.) in biological samples for potential therapeutic use.
Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques/methods , Electrochemistry/methods , Hydrogen Sulfide/analysis , Animals , Biosensing Techniques/instrumentation , Calibration , Electrochemistry/instrumentation , Electrodes , Humans , Hydrogen Sulfide/chemistryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that elevated plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients are associated with polymorphisms in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene. However, related studies of these phenomenon are rare in the Han population of China. The aim was to develop a rapid IL-6 gene genotyping assay by fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) and melting curves on a LightCycler system and then study the association between IL-6 gene polymorphisms and CHD. MATERIAL/METHODS: Two hundred thirty-one CHD patients and 210 controls, all of Han ethnicity from northern China, were analyzed by the established method. DNA sequencing analysis confirmed the results. RESULTS: Three genotypes were found for the -572G/C polymorphism in the Han Chinese. Statistical analysis for the this polymorphism revealed a significant difference between G allele carriers (GG+GC) and non-G allele carriers (CC) in both the CHD and the control group. Ten cases were identified to be of GA genotype for the -597G/A polymorphism in the Han Chinese. PCR product sequencing confirmed all the results. CONCLUSIONS: A rapid IL-6 gene genotyping assay was developed. The clinical data revealed that the -572G/C polymorphism in the IL-6 gene promoter region is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of CHD in the Han Chinese.
Subject(s)
Asian People/genetics , Coronary Disease/genetics , Ethnicity/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Interleukin-6/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Adult , Aged , Alleles , Case-Control Studies , Female , Gene Frequency/genetics , Heterozygote , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nucleic Acid Denaturation/geneticsABSTRACT
Nitric oxide (NO) has been considered as an important bio-regulatory molecule in the physiological process. All the existing methods often employed for NO measurement are mainly indirect and not suitable for in vivo conditions. In this paper, we report a systematic study of electrocatalytic NO reduction by comparing the redox properties of NO at carbon microelectrodes functionalized by Fe, Mn and Co protoporphyrins. The mechanisms of electrocatalytic reduction of NO by different metalloporphyrins have been proposed and compared. In addition, by varying the metallic cores of the metalloporphyrins, NO exhibits voltammograms in which the cathodic peak current occur at different potential. A comparative study on the electrochemical behavior of each of these metalloporphyrin (as a result of varying the metallic core) has been performed and a possible mechanism for the observed behavior is proposed. The results confirmed the potential applicability of using metalloporphyrins modified electrodes for voltammetric NO detection.
