Effect of dietary arginine supplementation after hatching on the intestinal morphometry and integrity of chicks housed under health challenge conditions

Background: Arginine (Arg) is an essential amino acids for birds, especially in the starter phase. The degradation of Argproduces ornithine, a precursor of polyamines that are considered nutritionally important local factors for growth and thedevelopment of small intestinal of the newly hatched chick. The first week is a critical time intestine development andthe aggression to the mucosa may compromise the final productive result. This study aimed to evaluate the productiveperformance, intestinal morphometry and integrity of broilers housed under health challenge conditions and supplementedwith L-Arginine in the pre-starter diet.Materials, Methods & Results: Three-hundred-twenty male Cobb chicks were randomly assigned according to a completelyrandomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications of 16 birds each. Treatments consisted of: A: control (basal diet);B: diet with 1% L-Arginine; C: health challenge (reused poultry manure litter) + basal diet; D: health challenge (reusedpoultry manure litter) + diet with 1% L-Arginine. The reused poultry manure litter was obtained from a commercial poultryfarm with birds in the final growth phase and without any previous treatment. In order to achieve the supplemented dietsit was added 1% Arg replacing the inert. At the ages of seven days, all the birds and the feed remains were weighed inorder to determine body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The small intestine of twenty birds per treatment was weighed and measured; samples of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were taken for injury assessment scores, formorphometric study and counting of goblet cells in segments of the duodenum...(AU)

Effect of dietary arginine supplementation after hatching on the intestinal morphometry and integrity of chicks housed under health challenge conditions

Background: Arginine (Arg) is an essential amino acids for birds, especially in the starter phase. The degradation of Argproduces ornithine, a precursor of polyamines that are considered nutritionally important local factors for growth and thedevelopment of small intestinal of the newly hatched chick. The first week is a critical time intestine development andthe aggression to the mucosa may compromise the final productive result. This study aimed to evaluate the productiveperformance, intestinal morphometry and integrity of broilers housed under health challenge conditions and supplementedwith L-Arginine in the pre-starter diet.Materials, Methods & Results: Three-hundred-twenty male Cobb chicks were randomly assigned according to a completelyrandomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications of 16 birds each. Treatments consisted of: A: control (basal diet);B: diet with 1% L-Arginine; C: health challenge (reused poultry manure litter) + basal diet; D: health challenge (reusedpoultry manure litter) + diet with 1% L-Arginine. The reused poultry manure litter was obtained from a commercial poultryfarm with birds in the final growth phase and without any previous treatment. In order to achieve the supplemented dietsit was added 1% Arg replacing the inert. At the ages of seven days, all the birds and the feed remains were weighed inorder to determine body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The small intestine of twenty birds per treatment was weighed and measured; samples of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were taken for injury assessment scores, formorphometric study and counting of goblet cells in segments of the duodenum...

Influence of breeder age on biometrics organ and morphology of the mucosa of the small intestine of chicks hatching / Influência da idade da matriz sobre a biometria de órgãos e a morfometria da mucosa do intestino delgado dos pintos à eclosão

The objective of the conducted experiment was the evaluation of effect of multiple age breeders on the organs biometry and the intestinal morphometry of chicks at hatching. There were incubated 200 eggs provided from Ross 308 breeders at the ages of 32, 40, 48, 56 and 64 weeks. At hatching, 20 chicks of each breeder age were individually weighted and sacrificed in order to evaluate breast, cloacal bursa, yolk sack and small intestine weight, besides the small intestine length. The duodenum portion was collected in order to measure the villus height and the crypt depth. There were a positive linear effect of the breeder age (p 0,05) on the live weight, absolute and relative yolk sack weight, cloacal bursa absolute weight and breast absolute and relative weight. For the absolute and relative small intestine weight it was observed a quadratic effect of the breeder age (p 0,05), in which the best intestine development was in chicks from breeders between 40 and 50 weeks of age. The chick weight has a positive correlation with the weight of the yolk sac, cloacal bursa and breast (p 0,05). For the villus and crypt it was obtained a significant effect of the breeders age (p 0,05) on the crypt depth, whose linear behavior was decreasing and inverse to the breeders age. The villus:crypt relation showed a linear increasing behavior (p 0,05) according to the breeders age. It's concluded that the breeder age hasinfluence on the organ biometry and on the small intestine mucosal morphometry of chicks at hatching.Key words: Villus height, organ weights, broiler, yolk sac.(AU)

O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes idades de matrizes sobre abiometria de órgãos e a morfometria intestinal de pintos de corte à eclosão. Foram incubados 200 ovosprovenientes de matrizes pesadas da linhagem comercial Ross 308, com as idades de 32, 40, 48, 56 e 64semanas. À eclosão 20 pintinhos de cada idade de matriz foram pesados individualmente e sacrificadospara avaliação do peso do peito, bolsa cloacal, saco da gema e intestino delgado e do comprimentodo intestino delgado. O segmento do duodeno foi coletado para mensuração da altura de vilo e daprofundidade de cripta. Houve efeito linear positivo da idade da matriz (p<0,05) sobre o peso vivo,peso absoluto e relativo do saco da gema, peso absoluto da bolsa cloacal e peso absoluto e relativo dopeito. Para o peso absoluto, peso relativo do intestino delgado observou-se efeito quadrático da idadeda matriz (p<0,05), sendo o melhor desenvolvimento do intestino em pintos provenientes de matrizesentre 40 e 50 semanas. O peso do pinto apresentou correlação positiva com o peso do saco da gema,bolsa cloacal e peito (p<0,05). Para vilo e cripta obteve-se um efeito significativo da idade das matrizes(p<0,05) sobre a profundidade das criptas, cujo comportamento foi linear decrescente e inverso à idadedas matrizes enquanto a relação vilo:cripta, apresentou comportamento linear crescente (p<0,05) deacordo com a idade das matrizes. Conclui-se que a idade da matriz tem influência na biometria dosórgãos e na morfometria da mucosa do intestino delgado de pintos de corte à eclosão.(AU)

Influence of breeder age on biometrics organ and morphology of the mucosa of the small intestine of chicks hatching / Influência da idade da matriz sobre a biometria de órgãos e a morfometria da mucosa do intestino delgado dos pintos à eclosão

The objective of the conducted experiment was the evaluation of effect of multiple age breeders on the organs biometry and the intestinal morphometry of chicks at hatching. There were incubated 200 eggs provided from Ross 308 breeders at the ages of 32, 40, 48, 56 and 64 weeks. At hatching, 20 chicks of each breeder age were individually weighted and sacrificed in order to evaluate breast, cloacal bursa, yolk sack and small intestine weight, besides the small intestine length. The duodenum portion was collected in order to measure the villus height and the crypt depth. There were a positive linear effect of the breeder age (p 0,05) on the live weight, absolute and relative yolk sack weight, cloacal bursa absolute weight and breast absolute and relative weight. For the absolute and relative small intestine weight it was observed a quadratic effect of the breeder age (p 0,05), in which the best intestine development was in chicks from breeders between 40 and 50 weeks of age. The chick weight has a positive correlation with the weight of the yolk sac, cloacal bursa and breast (p 0,05). For the villus and crypt it was obtained a significant effect of the breeders age (p 0,05) on the crypt depth, whose linear behavior was decreasing and inverse to the breeders age. The villus:crypt relation showed a linear increasing behavior (p 0,05) according to the breeders age. It's concluded that the breeder age hasinfluence on the organ biometry and on the small intestine mucosal morphometry of chicks at hatching.Key words: Villus height, organ weights, broiler, yolk sac.

O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes idades de matrizes sobre abiometria de órgãos e a morfometria intestinal de pintos de corte à eclosão. Foram incubados 200 ovosprovenientes de matrizes pesadas da linhagem comercial Ross 308, com as idades de 32, 40, 48, 56 e 64semanas. À eclosão 20 pintinhos de cada idade de matriz foram pesados individualmente e sacrificadospara avaliação do peso do peito, bolsa cloacal, saco da gema e intestino delgado e do comprimentodo intestino delgado. O segmento do duodeno foi coletado para mensuração da altura de vilo e daprofundidade de cripta. Houve efeito linear positivo da idade da matriz (p<0,05) sobre o peso vivo,peso absoluto e relativo do saco da gema, peso absoluto da bolsa cloacal e peso absoluto e relativo dopeito. Para o peso absoluto, peso relativo do intestino delgado observou-se efeito quadrático da idadeda matriz (p<0,05), sendo o melhor desenvolvimento do intestino em pintos provenientes de matrizesentre 40 e 50 semanas. O peso do pinto apresentou correlação positiva com o peso do saco da gema,bolsa cloacal e peito (p<0,05). Para vilo e cripta obteve-se um efeito significativo da idade das matrizes(p<0,05) sobre a profundidade das criptas, cujo comportamento foi linear decrescente e inverso à idadedas matrizes enquanto a relação vilo:cripta, apresentou comportamento linear crescente (p<0,05) deacordo com a idade das matrizes. Conclui-se que a idade da matriz tem influência na biometria dosórgãos e na morfometria da mucosa do intestino delgado de pintos de corte à eclosão.

Thermal conditioning during the first week on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield of broilers submitted to heat stress / Condicionamento térmico na primeira semana sobre o desempenho, morfometria cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça de frangos submetidos ao estresse por calor

This study aimed to assess the influence of thermal conditioning during the first week, and to verify the effect of this, upon the heat challenge by the end of the productive period on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield. A total of 980 Ross male broiler chicks randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design with 4 treatment and 8 replications totaling 32 experimental units. The treatments consisted of different temperature ranges in the first week of life: thermal comfort temperature, temperature below the comfort zone, temperature above the comfort zone and thermal oscillation. At 35 days of age four replicates of each treatment were submitted or not to heat stress in last week's rearing (27 and 32°C). Animals submitted to thermal conditioning in the first week of life showed no adaptation to heat capable of increasing production and carcass characteristics when submitted to chronic heat stress during the final rearing period. Metabolic disorders such as ascites syndrome and sudden death syndrome can occur in both broilers reared above the temperature of thermal comfort in the first week, as those submitted to heat stress from 35 days of age, considering the heart morphometric analysis performed on these birds.(AU)  

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a influência do condicionamento térmico durante a primeira semana de vida, e verificar o efeito após o desafio por calor até o final do período de produção sobre o desempenho, morfologia cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça. Um total de 980 pintos de corte, Ross, machos, foi alocado aleatoriamente de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições totalizando 32 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes temperaturas de criação na primeira semana: temperatura de conforto térmico, temperatura baixa, temperatura alta, oscilação térmica. Aos 35 dias de idade, quatro repetições de cada tratamento foram submetidas ou não ao estresse por calor na última semana de criação (27 e 32°C). As aves submetidas ao condicionamento térmico na primeira semana de vida não apresentaram adaptação ao calor capaz de incrementar características produtivas e de carcaça, quando submetidas a estresse crônico por calor durante a fase final de criação. Transtornos metabólicos como a síndrome ascítica e a síndrome morte súbita podem ocorrer tanto em aves criadas acima da temperatura de conforto térmico na primeira semana, quanto àquelas submetidas a estresse por calor a partir dos 35 dias de idade, visto a redução das medidas cardíacas observadas.(AU)

Thermal conditioning during the first week on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield of broilers submitted to heat stress / Condicionamento térmico na primeira semana sobre o desempenho, morfometria cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça de frangos submetidos ao estresse por calor

This study aimed to assess the influence of thermal conditioning during the first week, and to verify the effect of this, upon the heat challenge by the end of the productive period on performance, heart morphology and carcass yield. A total of 980 Ross male broiler chicks randomly assigned according to a completely randomized design with 4 treatment and 8 replications totaling 32 experimental units. The treatments consisted of different temperature ranges in the first week of life: thermal comfort temperature, temperature below the comfort zone, temperature above the comfort zone and thermal oscillation. At 35 days of age four replicates of each treatment were submitted or not to heat stress in last week's rearing (27 and 32°C). Animals submitted to thermal conditioning in the first week of life showed no adaptation to heat capable of increasing production and carcass characteristics when submitted to chronic heat stress during the final rearing period. Metabolic disorders such as ascites syndrome and sudden death syndrome can occur in both broilers reared above the temperature of thermal comfort in the first week, as those submitted to heat stress from 35 days of age, considering the heart morphometric analysis performed on these birds.

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a influência do condicionamento térmico durante a primeira semana de vida, e verificar o efeito após o desafio por calor até o final do período de produção sobre o desempenho, morfologia cardíaca e rendimento de carcaça. Um total de 980 pintos de corte, Ross, machos, foi alocado aleatoriamente de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições totalizando 32 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes temperaturas de criação na primeira semana: temperatura de conforto térmico, temperatura baixa, temperatura alta, oscilação térmica. Aos 35 dias de idade, quatro repetições de cada tratamento foram submetidas ou não ao estresse por calor na última semana de criação (27 e 32°C). As aves submetidas ao condicionamento térmico na primeira semana de vida não apresentaram adaptação ao calor capaz de incrementar características produtivas e de carcaça, quando submetidas a estresse crônico por calor durante a fase final de criação. Transtornos metabólicos como a síndrome ascítica e a síndrome morte súbita podem ocorrer tanto em aves criadas acima da temperatura de conforto térmico na primeira semana, quanto àquelas submetidas a estresse por calor a partir dos 35 dias de idade, visto a redução das medidas cardíacas observadas.