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1.
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med ; 48(3): 361-70, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22820818

ABSTRACT

Medical training therapy (MTT) to improve muscular strength and endurance follows evidence based guidelines and is increasingly recommended to patients suffering from subacute and chronic back pain (LBP). This study investigated whether MTT was effective in reducing pain and improving function in patients with subacute or chronic LBP. Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Pedro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We included RCTs that examined exercise or MTT in adult patients with LBP compared to placebo, no intervention or other interventions. Study outcomes had to include at least one of the following: pain intensity; functional status, absenteeism. Two independent reviewers performed quality assessment. Visual analogue scale ratings ranging from 0-10 MTT quantified the MTT aspects of the intervention. Studies with rating scores >7.5 were included. We identified only 2 studies that examined the effectiveness of MTT. Both trials, one was of high quality, found MTT to decrease pain and improve function significantly better than therapy of uncertain effectiveness. There is moderate evidence that would support the effectiveness of MTT in the treatment chronic LBP. Future high quality RCT will have to clarify whether MTT is effective and would be superior to other forms of therapeutic exercise.


Subject(s)
Low Back Pain/rehabilitation , Pain Measurement/methods , Physical Therapy Modalities/standards , Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Humans , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
2.
Phys Rev Lett ; 106(24): 240505, 2011 Jun 17.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21770558

ABSTRACT

Entanglement in the spatial degrees of freedom of photons is an interesting resource for quantum information. For practical distribution of such entangled photons, it is desirable to use an optical fiber, which in this case has to support multiple transverse modes. Here we report the use of a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber to transport spatially entangled qubits.

3.
Opt Express ; 19(9): 8200-7, 2011 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21643070

ABSTRACT

We present a simple refractive index sensor based on a step-index fiber with a hollow micro-channel running parallel to its core. This channel becomes waveguiding when filled with a liquid of index greater than silica, causing sharp dips to appear in the transmission spectrum at wavelengths where the glass-core mode phase-matches to a mode of the liquid-core. The sensitivity of the dip-wavelengths to changes in liquid refractive index is quantified and the results used to study the dynamic flow characteristics of fluids in narrow channels. Potential applications of this fiber microstructure include measuring the optical properties of liquids, refractive index sensing, biophotonics and studies of fluid dynamics on the nanoscale.


Subject(s)
Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques/instrumentation , Refractometry/instrumentation , Equipment Design , Equipment Failure Analysis
4.
Opt Lett ; 36(9): 1668-70, 2011 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21540963

ABSTRACT

A side-scattering technique for investigating the inner microstructure of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) is reported. Multiple scattering is reduced by filling the hollow PCF channels with index-matching fluid. The scattered signal is measured for fixed angles of incidence and detection while the fiber is rotated. A pattern of peaks, unique to each PCF, whether solid or hollow core, correlates closely with the symmetry planes of the PCF structure. As an example of the technique, the twist profile of a structural rocking filter is directly measured.

5.
Opt Express ; 18(18): 18752-62, 2010 Aug 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20940768

ABSTRACT

We present a new method to broaden the amplification range in optical parametric amplification toward the bandwidth needed for single cycle femtosecond pulses. Two-color pumping of independent stages is used to sequentially amplify the long and short wavelength parts of the ultrabroadband seed pulses. The concept is tested in two related experiments. With multi-mJ pumping pulses with a nearly octave spanning spectrum and an uncompressed energy of 3 mJ are generated at low repetition rate. The spectral phase varies slowly and continuously in the overlap region as shown with 100 kHz repetition rate. This should allow the compression to the Fourier limit of below 5 fs in the high energy system.


Subject(s)
Light , Optics and Photonics , Algorithms , Color , Equipment Design , Fourier Analysis , Infrared Rays , Oscillometry/methods , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Time Factors
6.
Opt Lett ; 35(17): 2922-4, 2010 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20808370

ABSTRACT

We report tunable third-harmonic generation (THG) in an Ar-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, pumped by broadband <2 microJ, 30 fs pulses from an amplified Ti:sapphire laser system. The overall dispersion is precisely controlled by balancing the negative dielectric susceptibility of the waveguide against the positive susceptibility of the gas. We demonstrate THG to a higher-order guided mode and show that the phase-matched UV wavelength is tunable by adjusting the gas pressure.


Subject(s)
Argon , Photons , Pressure , Lasers, Solid-State
7.
Opt Lett ; 35(15): 2573-5, 2010 Aug 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20680062

ABSTRACT

We report the successful production of high-quality gold wires, with diameters down to 260nm, by direct fiber drawing from a gold-filled fused-silica cane. The stack-and-draw technique makes it straightforward to incorporate a conventional step-index core, adjacent to the gold wire, in the cane. In the drawn fiber, strong coupling of light from the glass core to SPP resonances on the gold wire is observed at specific well-defined wavelengths. Such embedded wires have many potential applications, for example, as nanoscale electrodes, in nonlinear optical plasmonics, and as near-field scanning optical microscope tips.

8.
Opt Express ; 16(22): 17972-81, 2008 Oct 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18958077

ABSTRACT

We present a versatile method for selective mode coupling into higher-order modes of photonic crystal fibers, using holograms electronically generated by a spatial light modulator. The method enables non-mechanical and completely repeatable changes in the coupling conditions. We have excited higher order modes up to LP(31) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers. The reproducibility of the coupling allows direct comparison of the losses of different guided modes in both hollow-core bandgap and kagome-lattice photonic crystal fibers. Our results are also relevant to applications in which the intensity distribution of the light inside the fiber is important, such as particle- or atom-guidance.

9.
Virology ; 127(2): 469-74, 1983 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6603052

ABSTRACT

African green monkey (AGM) B-lymphotropic papovavirus (LPV) particles were separated from infected B-lymphoma BJA-B cells by neuraminidase and deoxycholate treatment and were further purified twice by CsCl density centrifugation. The SDS-PAGE analysis of virus particles banding at a density of 1.3510 g/ml and radioactively labeled by 125I revealed a major polypeptide of 40,000 and two minor polypeptides of 42,000 and 29,000. In addition, in infected BJA-B cells, all three viral structural polypeptides could be identified by immunoprecipitation. A nonstructural phosphopolypeptide of approximately 90,000 MW could be detected when sera against SDS-denatured SV40 T antigen or an AGM serum pool were used for immunoprecipitation. It is suggested that the 90K polypeptide of LPV represents an equivalent to T antigens of other papovaviruses.


Subject(s)
Papillomaviridae/analysis , Polyomaviridae , Viral Proteins/analysis , Animals , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Antigens, Viral, Tumor , B-Lymphocytes/microbiology , Cell Line , Chlorocebus aethiops , Humans , Molecular Weight , Papillomaviridae/immunology , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Viral Structural Proteins
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