[Recurring genital bleeding in an extreme premature infant]. / Sangrado genital recurrente en una lactante prematura extrema.

Mini-puberty refers to the transient activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during the first months of life. This activation in preterm infants could be more exaggerated and prolonged. Ob jective: To present a case of exaggerated mini-puberty in an extremely preterm infant, with recurrent genital bleeding. Clinical Case: A 25-week preterm newborn presented at 5 months old with breast buds, areolar pigmentation, and estrogenic effects on the vaginal mucosa, with recurrent genital blee ding in three consecutive months. Her laboratory evaluation showed elevated values of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2). An exaggerated mini-puber ty due to extreme prematurity was suspected, therefore a conservative approach was taken. During follow-up, the patient showed partial regression of breast buds and cessation of genital bleeding, and decreasing levels of gonadotropin and estradiol. Conclusion: Mini-puberty in preterm newborns can present exaggeratedly, simulating precocious puberty and even presenting, exceptionally, recurrent genital bleeding. Considering the increasing survival of extremely premature infants, it is important to know the spectrum of clinical and laboratory manifestations of this phenomenon, in order to carry out adequate management.

New oleanane saponins in Chenopodium quinoa.

Six triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae). Their structures were as follows: phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1); spergulagenic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2); hederagenin 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3); phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4); hederagenin 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5); and spergulagenic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6). Saponins 5 and 6 are new. The structures were characterized on the basis of hydrolysis and spectral evidence, including IR, UV, optical rotations, 1D- and 2D-NMR (HMQC and HMBC), ESIMS, and FABMS analyses.

Studies on the constituents of Chenopodium quinoa seeds: isolation and characterization of new triterpene saponins.

Six triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the edible grain quinoa, which is seeds of Chenopodium quinoa (Chenopodiaceae). Following are their structures: phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1); phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2); phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1' "-->3' ')-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1' '-->2')-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3); phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1' "-->2' ')-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4); oleanolic acid 3-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5); and oleanolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1' '-->3')-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6). The oleanane-type saponins (5, 6) were isolated for the first time in this plant, two of the phytolaccagenane (1, 3) were new compounds and two (2, 4) were previously found in quinoa. The structures were characterized on the basis of hydrolysis and spectral evidence, including 1D- and 2-D NMR (HMQC and HMBC) and ESI-MS analyses.

[Analytical evaluation of significant chemical and physico-chemical parameters in water for human consumption]. / Valutazione analitica di parametri significantivi chimici e chimico-fisici in acque destinate al consumo umano.

A quality control of drinking water has been performed in hospitals and schools located in the Vomero-Area of Naples. Some chemical pollutants (iron, manganese, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, fluoride) as well as chemical and physical parameters (hardness, pH, electric conductivity, chloride, cations) have been periodically analyzed from Autumn 1991 to Summer 1992.

Minor components in food plants--Note I. Flavonol glycosides from Ullucus tuberosus.

This work deals with the isolation and characterization in Ullucus tuberosus of flavonoids, a class of natural products influencing potentially the taste and nutritional value of the plant food. The three flavonoids, rutin, narcissin and kaempferol 3-O-(2",6"-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosil)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, isolated, are devoid of taste, but appear to possess health promoting effects.

[Minor components in food plants--II. Triterpenoid saponins from Ullucus tuberosus]. / Componenti minori nelle piante alimentari--Nota II. Saponine triterpenoidiche dall' Ullucus tuberosus.

The present work deals with the isolation and characterization of triterpenoid saponins from Ullucus tuberosus. This class of natural products can account at least in part for unpalatability of the tubers of the plant. Two saponins were isolated 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-epihederagenine and 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1"-- 2')-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-oleanoate.

Two flavonol glycosides from Chenopodium quinoa.

Two new flavonol glycosides from the seeds of Chenopodium quinoa have been isolated. Their structures were established as kaempferol 3-apiofuranosyl(1"'----2")rhamnopyranosyl(1""----6")galactoside and kaempferol 3-apiofuranosyl(1"'----2")rhamnopyranosyl(1""----6")galactoside. The main flavonoid glycoside was kaempferol 3-(2,6-dirhamnopyranosyl)galactoside.

[Identification of the root of Punica granatum in galenic preparations using TLC]. / Riconoscimento della radice di "Punica granatum" nelle preparazioni galeniche mediante TLC.

The alkaloids present in the root of "Punica granatum" have been extracted by two different methods: extraction by Soxlet and extraction by steam distillation. Then the extracts have been compared by TLC chromatography using different solvents and specific chromogen reagents. The presence of pseudo-pelletierine has been confirmed in both the extractive solution by reaction with conc. K2Cr2O7. The above results explains the toxic activity of the unsuitable galenic preparations.

[Purification of waste water from olive-oil pressing plants using hydrophytes. Preliminary study on the use of Eichornia crassipes]. / Depurazione delle acque reflue di frantoio mediante idrofite. Indagini preliminari sull'impiego dell' Eichornia crassipes.

The use of Eichornia crassipes has been tested in order to depurate the waste water from olive oil factories. The control of some parameter variations during the treatment, such as COD, total azote, dissolved oxygen and pH, has given encouraging results about the depurative efficacy of employed hydrophytae. Particularly indicative is, in this regard, COD rejection of about 60%.

Oligofurostanosides from Asparagus cochinchinensis.

The aqueous extract of ASPARAGUS COCHINCHINENSIS yielded a new oligofurostanoside 3- O-[alpha- L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta- D-glucopyranosyl]-26- O-(beta- D-glucopyranosyl)-(25 R)-furosta-5,20-diene,-3beta,26-diol as well as two known furostanosides, methylprotodioscin and pseudoprotodioscin.

[Determination by capillary gas liquid chromatography of nitrosamine in partially altered food]. / Determinazione mediante GLC capillare di nitrosamine in alimenti parzialmente alterati.

The nitrosamines have been extensively studied for their toxicity. Their formation in the foods containing nitrous and nitric derivatives is favoured by the presence of suitable substrata. In the present work have been used column and capillari GL Chromatography for the determination of some nitrosamines in altered foods. The results obtained by applying the suggested procedure to a number of altered samples have been very encouraging.

[The use of Eichornia crassipes for the improvement of some characteristics of water]. / Impiego dell'Eichornia crassipes nel miglioramento di alcune caratteristiche di acque.

Some plants of Eichornia Crassipes were studied in September-January period for the absorption of some cations from wastewaters. In this note was studied the lead, zinc and copper in relation the depurative potential of this plants to 18 degrees C. These metals have identified in the water and in the ashes by atomic absorption. Nowadays our researches, are intented at to study the depurative potential of Eichornia Crassipes and others aquatic plants in presence of multiple cations.

[Analysis of active principles in pharmaceutical dosage forms by high pressure liquid chromatography - cimetidine and zolimidine]. / Analisi di principi attivi nelle forme farmaceutiche mediante cromatografia liquida ad alta pressione - cimetidina e zolimidina.

A reversal phase partition chromatographic system analysis cimetidine and zolimidine in pharmaceutical dosage forms is proposed. The rapidity and sensitivity of the method could find an useful application in problems of clinical interest.

[Analysis of active principles in pharmaceutical dosage forms by high pressure liquid chromatography - spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide]. / Analisi di principi attivi nelle forme farmaceutiche mediante cromatografia liquida ad alta pressione - spironolattone e idroclorotiazide.

A method for the quantitative analysis of spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical products by high pressure liquid chromatography is described. The method is highly reproducible and overcomes every preliminary treatments of the sample.

[Quantiative determination of radiopaque contrast media by means of HPLC. I. Determination of diatrizoic acid, iothalamic acid and iodamide]. / Determinazione quantitativa di mezzi di contrasto radiologici mediante HPLC. Nota I - determinazione di acido diatrizoico, a cido iotalamico ed iodamide.

A rapid method for the quantitative analysis of radiopaque contrast media HPLC is described. Method can greatly help in solving problems of clinical and forensic interest.