ABSTRACT
Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of erbB1, erbB2, and erbB4 were determined for a series of quinazoline- and pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine-based analogues of the irreversible pan-erbB inhibitor, canertinib. Cyclic amine bearing crotonamides were determined to provide rapid inhibition of cellular erbB1 autophosphorylation and good metabolic stability in liver microsome and hepatocyte assays. The influence of 4-anilino substitution on pan-erbB inhibitory potency was investigated. Several anilines were identified as providing potent, reversible pan-erbB inhibition. Optimum 4- and 6-substituents with known 7-substituents provided preferred irreversible inhibitors for pharmacodynamic testing in vivo. Quinazoline 54 and pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidine 71 were identified as clearly superior to canertinib. Both compounds possess a piperidinyl crotonamide Michael acceptor and a 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline, indicating these as optimized 6- and 4-substituents, respectively. Pharmacokinetic comparison of compounds 54 and 71 across three species selected compound 54 as the preferred candidate. Compound 54 (PF-00299804) has been assigned the nomenclature of dacomitinib and is currently under clinical evaluation.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors , Morpholines/chemistry , Pyridines/chemistry , Pyrimidines/chemistry , Quinazolines/chemistry , Quinazolinones/chemistry , Administration, Oral , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Dogs , Heterografts , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Macaca fascicularis , Male , Mice, Nude , Morpholines/chemical synthesis , Morpholines/pharmacokinetics , Morpholines/pharmacology , Neoplasm Transplantation , Phosphorylation , Pyridines/chemical synthesis , Pyridines/pharmacokinetics , Pyridines/pharmacology , Pyrimidines/chemical synthesis , Pyrimidines/pharmacokinetics , Pyrimidines/pharmacology , Quinazolines/chemical synthesis , Quinazolines/pharmacokinetics , Quinazolines/pharmacology , Quinazolinones/chemical synthesis , Quinazolinones/pharmacokinetics , Quinazolinones/pharmacology , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Stereoisomerism , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Signaling through the erbB receptor family of tyrosine kinases contributes to the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival of a variety of cell types. Abnormalities in members of this receptor family have been shown to play a role in oncogenesis, thus making them attractive targets for anticancer treatments. PF-00299804 is a second-generation irreversible pan-erbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently in phase I clinical trials. PF-00299804 is believed to irreversibly inhibit erbB tyrosine kinase activity through binding at the ATP site and covalent modification of nucleophilic cysteine residues in the catalytic domains of erbB family members. Oral administration of PF-00299804 causes significant antitumor activity, including marked tumor regressions in a variety of human tumor xenograft models that express and/or overexpress erbB family members or contain the double mutation (L858R/T790M) in erbB1 (EGFR) associated with resistance to gefitinib and erlotinib. Furthermore, PF-00299804 shows exceptional distribution to human tumor xenografts and excellent pharmacokinetic properties across species.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics , Quinazolinones/pharmacology , Quinazolinones/pharmacokinetics , Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays , Amino Acid Substitution , Animals , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , ErbB Receptors/metabolism , Female , Humans , Mice , Mice, SCID , Mutation/genetics , Phosphorylation/drug effects , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
A highly efficient one-pot procedure for 3-sulfenylation of 2-carboxyindoles is described. Treatment of thiols with N-chlorosuccinimide at -78 degrees C in CH(2)Cl(2) affords sulfenyl chlorides in situ that readily react with 2-carboxyindoles to give 3-thioindoles in high yields. This new method is milder, produces less waste, and is compatible with a wide range of thiol and indole functionality. [reaction: see text]
