ABSTRACT
As the only international classification scheme the TNM-system allows classification of practically all tumours of all organs according to uniform rules. In the interest of international comparison of findings and results the TNM-system alone can be recommended for classification. Checklists are used for extension of the basic documentation for the head and neck. Directions for initial and follow up analysis are given. The TNM-system in this proposed practice allows clear determination of the pre-therapeutic findings, recurrences to be taken into account, the course of the disease to be recorded, and the survival rate to be calculated. The data are suitable for recording on a computer. Finally uniform recommendations for treatment may be deduced.
Subject(s)
Documentation/methods , Head and Neck Neoplasms/classification , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Lymphatic Metastasis , Medical Records, Problem-Oriented , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , RegistriesABSTRACT
It was shown in a posturographic study that the body sway of 15 alcohol habituated persons did not change significantly up to amounts of 1% blood alcohol concentrations. A smaller group of 4 persons showed greater body sway amplitudes already in a moderate concentration. In otoneurologic diagnostic alcohol history, drinking customs and physical constitution play an important role in vestibular spinal examinations.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/blood , Ethanol/blood , Posture , Adult , Alcohol Drinking , Alcoholic Intoxication/blood , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
An interdisciplinary evaluation is made of the most common forms of head and neck cancer, with emphasis on certain aspects.--In the field of x-ray diagnostics, computed tomography dominates varying importance being given to the individual organs. Nuclear medicine pays particular attention to skeletal scintigraphy and gallium scintigraphy. In radiation therapy, progress has been made especially through the use of optimal radiation planning as well as the use of the after-loading technique and neutron radiation. Antineoplastic chemotherapy is currently being used as palliative treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and as the first step towards a curative therapy.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Brachytherapy/instrumentation , Gallium Radioisotopes , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Radiotherapy Dosage , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
CT scans of 36 carcinomas of the laryngo-pharyngeal region were analysed retrospectively and the results compared with the endoscopic and operative findings. For the final tumour staging in 18 cases of carcinoma of the larynx equivalent results were obtained in 12 cases; CT scan offered a better evaluation in two cases and insufficient dates in four. Destruction of cartilagineous structures, submucosal tumour infiltration and the pre-epiglottic space are better shown on CT scans. Faulty evaluation of tumour presence of extent are due to superficial tumour growth or to motion artefacts. For the final staging of 18 carcinomas of the pharynx results of CT and clinical findings were comparable in nine cases. CT was less precise in five and superior to endoscopy in four. Evaluation of neoplastic infiltration of the parapharyngeal soft-tissue and of the skull base was the main advantage of CT scanning. Low grade tumours of the oro- and hypopharynx were not visible on CT and tumours of the base of the tongue were insufficiently displayed.
