Subject(s)
Filtration/methods , Renal Dialysis/methods , Uremia/therapy , Humans , Membranes, ArtificialABSTRACT
Treatment of chronic uremia by hemodiafiltration requires replacement of the filtrate. Using Ringer's solution alone, there is a depression of pH because of bicarbonate loss. To bring the acid base status back to normal, sodium lactate in increasing concentrations (283 mg% = 32 mM/1, 361 mg% = 40 mM/1; 462 mg% = 51 mM/1; 508 mg% = 57 mM/1) was added to the replacement fluid. The optimal concentration is 450 mg% (=50 mM/1) sodium lactate, provided the following conditions are fulfilled: (a) substitution after the filter; (b) mixing ratio of blood and substitution fluid 1:2. Using 12-15 liters of substitution fluid during a 5 hr treatment, the added lactate amounts to 60 g (=0.54 M). With continuous addition of lactate, the serum concentration of lactate is 3.5 times normal and the concentration of serum pyruvate 4 times normal. An excess lactate concentration, according to Huckabee [1,2], was thus not observed. The sieving coefficients were the following: sodium, potassium, urea, lactate, pyruvate, and phosphate 1; chloride greater then 1; calcium and protein less than 1. Serum osmolality fell, on the average, 9 mOsmol/1 during diafiltration.
Subject(s)
Acid-Base Equilibrium , Renal Dialysis , Ultrafiltration , Uremia/therapy , Female , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Lactates , Male , Osmolar Concentration , Renal Dialysis/methods , Uremia/metabolismABSTRACT
A modification of the Laurell method is described which makes it possible to measure very small amounts of proteins. The use of the intermediate gel technique allows the simultaneous determination of two or more proteins by one-dimension electrophoresis. The method is useful for differentiation of organ-specific proteins from serum proteins, for identification of identical and not-identical antibodies in antisera and for checking protein products and antisera for their purity.
