ABSTRACT
Questionnaires and psychological tests were used to assess the psychosocial impact of mandibular prognathism. Patients with mandibular prognathism were asked to assess the impediments caused by their dentofacial deformity. In addition, they were asked to rate their appearance and to report the effect that it had on their social contacts. The self-assessment revealed that patients felt esthetically impaired, but that they had a fairly positive autostereotype, as revealed by their self-descriptive choices on a personality scale. These results were compared with the assessments made by two different control groups composed of persons with no esthetic impairment. The attitudes of the control groups toward the patients were more negative than perceived by the patients, indicating that mandibular prognathism does result in a social handicap.
Subject(s)
Prognathism/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Esthetics, Dental , Female , Humans , Male , Mandible/abnormalities , Middle Aged , Personality Inventory , Psychological Distance , Self Concept , Semantic Differential , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
From October 1, 1979 to September 30, 1981 a prospective study on the side-effects of BCG inoculation was conducted in the cities of Duisburg, Essen, and Mülheim, in very close cooperation with practising pediatricians, public health authorities, and obstetric departments. Particular consideration was given to suppurating regional lymphadenitis. In the period covered by the study 21.294 infants from 23.390 live births (i.e., 89%) were BCG-vaccinated using the Copenhagen 1331 strain manufactured by Behringwerke. A suppurating regional lymphadenitis occurred in 66 cases, i.e., a complication rate of 0.3%. The conversion ratio was high. Out of 8.144 documentation forms that could be assessed 6.840 (84%) attested to a positive tuberculin reaction caused by prophylactic test U 4. If the result of this test was negative a second test, after Mendel-Mantoux, strength 10, was used. According to this a total of 7.311, i.e., altogether 98.4% of the inoculation results evaluated, were positive. Both the conversion ratio as well as the incidence of ulcers at the vaccination site depend to a slight degree on the concentration of units in the vaccine which are capable of reproduction, to the extent that at higher concentrations the conversion ratio increases, as does the number of ulcers at the vaccination site.
Subject(s)
BCG Vaccine/administration & dosage , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/prevention & control , Abscess/etiology , BCG Vaccine/adverse effects , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Lymphadenitis/etiology , Tuberculin TestABSTRACT
Electromagnetic AC-stimulation according to the method of KRAUS was applied in 9 infected ununited ulnar fractures in the beagle. New cortical bone formation, bridging of the bone defect and the number of blood vessels in bone and soft tissue was assessed. Electromagnetic stimulation had no significant influence on bone healing or on the number of vessels.
