Subject(s)
Chlamydia Infections/prevention & control , Streptococcal Infections/prevention & control , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Chlamydia Infections/immunology , Chlamydia Infections/pathology , Chlamydia Infections/therapy , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis , Streptococcal Infections/immunology , Streptococcal Infections/pathology , Streptococcal Infections/therapy , Streptococcus agalactiaeABSTRACT
To determine the effect of phenobarbital sodium therapy and subependymal intraventricular hemorrhage (SEp-IVH) on the theophylline requirement of premature infants suffering with apnea and seizure activity, we compared three groups of patients as follows: group 1, those with apnea of prematurity (ten patients); group 2, those with apnea and SEp-IVH (ten patients); and group 3, those with apnea, SEp-IVH, and seizure activity for which they were receiving phenobarbital therapy (nine patients). Patients in groups 1 and 2 required lower dosages and blood levels of theophylline to control their apnea than did those in group 3, who required higher dosages and blood levels of methylxanthines. Theophylline dosages and blood levels did not significantly differ between groups 1 and 2. In group 3, the theophylline requirement for control of apnea was significantly increased after initiation of phenobarbital therapy. There seems to be a direct correlation between the increased requirement for theophylline and concomitant phenobarbital administration. The data suggest that phenobarbital increases theophylline requirement when treating neonatal apnea.
Subject(s)
Apnea/drug therapy , Infant, Premature/metabolism , Phenobarbital/pharmacology , Theophylline/metabolism , Apnea/complications , Cerebral Hemorrhage/complications , Drug Interactions , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Phenobarbital/therapeutic use , Seizures/complications , Seizures/drug therapy , Theophylline/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Infant Mortality , Black or African American , Female , Hospitals, State , Humans , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Newborn , Louisiana , Male , White PeopleABSTRACT
The concept of nosocomial versus community-acquired infection is an important one in terms of hospital surveillance and infection control. Risk factors, time of onset, and type of organism are presented in tabular form to assist in classifying infection in the newborn.