ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Since doubts were raised, if a challenging medical procedure such as acute stroke treatment including thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) is available with identical standard and outcome 24 h and 7 days a week our aim was to examine if acute stroke patients defined by onset-admission time (OAT) of Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia/drug therapy
, Brain Ischemia/epidemiology
, Patient Admission
, Stroke/drug therapy
, Stroke/epidemiology
, Thrombolytic Therapy
, Acute Disease
, Aged
, Aged, 80 and over
, Brain Ischemia/complications
, Female
, Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use
, Humans
, Intracranial Hemorrhages/complications
, Intracranial Hemorrhages/drug therapy
, Intracranial Hemorrhages/epidemiology
, Male
, Photoperiod
, Prospective Studies
, Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
, Registries
, Severity of Illness Index
, Socioeconomic Factors
, Stroke/complications
, Time Factors
, Tissue Plasminogen Activator/therapeutic use
, Treatment Outcome
Subject(s)
Fibrinolytic Agents/administration & dosage , Stroke/drug therapy , Tissue Plasminogen Activator/administration & dosage , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Databases as Topic , Female , Germany , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Selection , Prospective Studies , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Acute episodes of focal neurological dysfunction are a well-recognized complication of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Because of rapid remission, biochemical tests and other diagnostic procedures are mostly performed after the acute phase. We report the case of a patient suffering from mitochondrial disease manifesting primarily with seizures, progressive deafness and dementia, who experienced multiple stroke-like episodes. Other members of the family with evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction are presented briefly. EEG and biochemical findings in the acute stage are correlated with clinical symptoms, showing characteristics distinct from the chronic illness. The possible involvement of dietary factors in the provocation of stroke-like episodes is discussed and regulation of glucose intake suggested as a strategy in the prevention of stroke-like episodes.
Subject(s)
Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology , Epilepsies, Myoclonic/etiology , Adult , Brain Diseases/complications , Brain Diseases/metabolism , Cerebrovascular Disorders/metabolism , Electroencephalography , Electromyography , Family , Female , Humans , Mitochondria, Muscle/metabolism , Mitochondria, Muscle/ultrastructure , Muscular Atrophy/pathology , Pedigree , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The continuous alpha-chymotrypsin-catalyzed peptide synthesis of kyotorphin, tyrosyl-arginine, via the N(alpha) formyltyrosyl-arginine propyl ester is described. For continuous process development, two reaction systems were studied: immobilized alpha-chymotrypsin covalently bound to Eupergit C packed in a column, and soluble alpha-chymotrypsin utilizing an enzyme membrane reactor. Selectivities and kinetic parameters are discussed. The use of soluble enzyme in an enzyme membrane reactor proved superior to the covalently immobilized enzyme. A significant loss of enzyme activity and a certain decrease of selectivity was observed during immobilization. It was shown that the addition of organic solvent, in this case n-propanol, causes a severe diminuation of the enzyme activity.
ABSTRACT
Substrate regulation patterns were changed by covalent binding of bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase via primary amino groups to CNBr- and CH-activated Sepharose 4B. Lineweaver-Burk plots show that the NAD activation region changed from being abrupt to elongated when the enzyme was immobilized to either support. The elongated region contains two inflection points and resembles substrate activation of several other allosteric oligomers. Glutamate induced varying degrees of abrupt activation in immobilized glutamate dehydrogenase and inhibited the native enzyme. This activation is characterized by an activation threshold, an increase in the apparent dissociation constant, and a correlation between the apparent rate constant and the degree of activation. These three features characterize other glutamate dehydrogenase systems.
ABSTRACT
We report a case of a 53 year old man with spinal claudication caused by a medial disc prolapse at the 11/12 thoracic intervertebral space. The disc prolapse was successfully removed via posterolateral approach.
Subject(s)
Intermittent Claudication/etiology , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/complications , Spinal Cord/blood supply , Thoracic Vertebrae , Aged , Humans , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/surgery , Male , Spinal Cord Compression/etiology , Thoracic Vertebrae/surgerySubject(s)
Cerebral Hemorrhage/physiopathology , Hematoma/physiopathology , Putamen/physiopathology , Aphasia/physiopathology , Cerebral Hemorrhage/classification , Cerebral Ventricles/physiopathology , Dominance, Cerebral/physiology , Hematoma/classification , Hemiplegia/physiopathology , Humans , Prognosis , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
In 47 cases with thalamic hemorrhage the estimated volume and the extension of the hematoma was compared to clinical data. The critical blood volume above which the mortality rate markedly increased was 10 cc. The most unfavourable outcome was found in hematomas extending to the midbrain or causing extensive ventricular hemorrhage. The severity and characteristics of the neurological deficit depended on the extension of the hematoma as well. Aphasia was a common feature when the thalamic hemorrhage occurred in the dominant hemisphere. Thalamic syndrome and ocular abnormalities were rare. The mortality rate was 17% and increased to 32% within the limits of twelve months. After a mean observation period of 31 months over 60% of the survivors had no or minimal disabilities. Only 20% remained seriously handicapped. The degree of the remaining disabilities depended on the original blood-volume. Eighteen of 32 survivors were submitted to neuropsychological tests. Three patients had an amnestic syndrome.
Subject(s)
Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Hematoma/diagnosis , Thalamic Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology , Cerebral Ventricles/pathology , Disability Evaluation , Female , Hematoma/pathology , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Prognosis , Risk , Thalamic Diseases/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
A multiple spin-echo-sequence has been evaluated in diagnosis of demyelinating diseases. TE in these MR-experiments was between 14 and 336 msec, TR between 860 and 1660 msec. Three groups of patients were examined, and it could be shown that the probability to detect MS-plaques grows with long TE's up to 300 msec. T2-relaxation-time-values range between 126 and 250 msec. Different MS-plaques in the same patient might show different T2-values.
Subject(s)
Demyelinating Diseases/diagnosis , Image Enhancement/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Brain/pathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Time Factors , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Disulfiram is known to produce toxic encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy. The case of a 37-year-old alcoholic who attempted to commit suicide by taking 22.5 g disulfiram is described. During the first 6 days after the intoxication he was stuporous and had cerebellar ataxia and dysarthric speech. Then he became comatose, and as he recovered from coma, he showed peripheral neuropathy including diplegia faciei and severe tetraparesis. Denervation potentials were detected in both facial muscles and distal muscles of the upper and lower limbs, while conduction velocity was normal. Axonal degeneration was verified by sural nerve biopsy. In addition neurofilamentous axonopathy was documented. The recovery from his paresis lasted 2 years.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism/rehabilitation , Disulfiram/poisoning , Polyneuropathies/chemically induced , Adult , Axons/drug effects , Biopsy , Coma/chemically induced , Electromyography , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Myelin Sheath/drug effects , Neural Conduction/drug effects , Neuromuscular Diseases/chemically induced , Polyneuropathies/pathology , Quadriplegia/chemically induced , Suicide, Attempted , Sural Nerve/drug effects , Sural Nerve/pathologySubject(s)
Brain Edema/drug therapy , Furosemide/pharmacology , Intracranial Pressure/drug effects , Methylprednisolone/pharmacology , Spironolactone/pharmacology , Brain Edema/cerebrospinal fluid , Furosemide/therapeutic use , Humans , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Spironolactone/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Amyloidosis/complications , Blindness/etiology , Cardiomyopathies/complications , Ischemic Attack, Transient/etiology , Adult , Amyloidosis/pathology , Blindness/pathology , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Cerebral Infarction/etiology , Coronary Disease/complications , Coronary Disease/pathology , Humans , Male , Myocardium/pathologyABSTRACT
The diagnosis of atrophy of the brain based on the visual interpretation of CT findings appears questionable. In 56 patients there was no correlation between the CT findings of enlarged ventricles and sulci and clinical findings of psychoorganic syndromes. Only the group of 60 to 80 year old patients showed a statistically significant correlation between psychoorganic findings and the area of the lateral ventricles - measured planimetrically - and the diameter of the cella medica, but not the group of the 40 to 60 year old. There was no relationship between the number of cortical sulci and psychopathology. The morphological findings of ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy in CT - even with exact measurements - do not allow any conclusions in regard to psychoorganic findings.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Atrophy/complications , Atrophy/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Ventricles/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Neurocognitive Disorders/complicationsSubject(s)
Neck Injuries , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications , Adult , Amnesia, Retrograde/etiology , Child , Confusion/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Delta Rhythm , Fecal Incontinence/etiology , Hemianopsia/etiology , Hemiplegia/etiology , Humans , Male , Memory , Middle Aged , Myoclonus/etiology , Purpura/etiology , Suicide, Attempted , Urinary Incontinence/etiologyABSTRACT
A fatal case of human encephalitis has been observed for which our results indicate that Semliki Forest virus (SFV) was the etiologic agent. This is surprising in view of the fact that this virus, which has been widely studied, was believed to be one of the arboviruses nonpathogenic for man. Described are the clinical course, the virological examinations performed, and the histopathological findings in the central nervous system.