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1.
Biotherapy ; 11(1): 7-14, 1998.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9617460

ABSTRACT

We have been treating patients with advanced HIV disease using passive immunotherapy (PIT). Earlier studies of PIT which have been published concerned relatively short periods of treatment: our study is by far the longest and reports also on the long-term effects of plasmapheresis on healthy HIV-infected individuals. Fifty-nine patients with an average CD4+ T-cell count of 55 per cu.mm. at baseline were transfused at monthly intervals with 500 ml of hyperimmune plasma. No disease progression or death occurred among the 8 asymptomatic patients under the treatment, which lasted for 36.25 months on average. Seven of the 15 ARC patients progressed to AIDS but none died in an average period of 25.9 months. Seven of the 36 symptomatic AIDS patients with advanced disease died in an average period of 19.6 months. PIT appears to be nontoxic and to have beneficial effects lasting at least four years under continuous treatment. It probably delays disease progression in ARC and AIDS patients, and almost certainly does so in asymptomatic late HIV infection with a very low CD4+ T-cell count. None of the 51 donors suffered adverse effects, nor did any progress to ARC or AIDS in an average period of 30.1 months. Their laboratory parameters indicated a nearly stable condition: in particular, their average CD4+ T-cell count rose from 478 to 498. The study of our plasma donors indicated that repeated and frequent plasma donation by asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals could delay disease progression, although further studies are needed to investigate this.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/therapy , HIV Seropositivity/therapy , HIV-1 , Immunization, Passive , Plasmapheresis , AIDS-Related Complex/blood , AIDS-Related Complex/therapy , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Donors , Disease Progression , Female , HIV Infections/blood , HIV Seropositivity/blood , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
3.
J Toxicol Environ Health ; 18(4): 589-94, 1986.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3090272

ABSTRACT

The chicken embryo, brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and selected bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus flavus, and Bacillus subtilis) were evaluated as alternative test systems for the determination of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxicity (saxitoxin). Dose levels ranging from 0.045 to 0.3 microgram were administered to the developing embryo through the air cell at either 0 or 96 h following incubation. Embryos dosed 96 h after incubation were the most sensitive, with 100% mortality at the 0.11-microgram dose level 24 h following exposure. Embryo mortality was 42% at to 0.3-microgram dose level when the toxin was administered at 0 h. Some embryonic malformations were observed in the 0-h treatment group. Brine-shrimp larvae were sensitive to saxitoxin at a dose level of 5 micrograms. A dose response based on mortality was apparent only 48 h after dosing. Limited growth inhibition was observed with the bacteria tested at concentrations between 0.0035 and 0.35 microgram and 0.35 microgram/well.


Subject(s)
Saxitoxin/toxicity , Animals , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Bacteriological Techniques , Chick Embryo , Decapoda/drug effects , Micrococcus/drug effects , Staphylococcus epidermidis/drug effects
5.
Poult Sci ; 58(4): 799-806, 1979 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-114994

ABSTRACT

Various concentrations of alkyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (QAC), Na2CO3, and ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) were tested for antimicrobial activity singly and in combination against Escherichia coli, Arizona hinshawii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bactericidal activity of the reagents were evaluated in embryonating eggs, trypticase soy broth, and a medium containing lecithin. Toxicity of the chemicals was assayed in embryonating eggs. An appraisal was made of an egg-washing solution composed of 250 ppm QAC, 100 ppm Na2CO3, and 10 and 100 ppm EDTA. The mixture was effective and nontoxic for this purpose. All egg treatments had an adverse effect on fertility and hatchability. Using the temperature differential procedure in egg dipping, the disinfectant mixture was relatively nontoxic if 10 ppm EDTA was used with 3000 ppm tylosin tartrate. One hundred parts per million of the chelator in the dip solution caused excessive embryo mortality due to synergistic toxicity with the antibiotic. The germicidal action of the QAC solution was markedly increased with Na2CO3. Ten parts per million EDTA did not improve the biocidal effect of QAC solutions in distilled water but increased bactericidal activity in tap water that contained 16 ppm Ca and 22 ppm Mg.


Subject(s)
Benzalkonium Compounds/pharmacology , Bicarbonates/pharmacology , Disinfectants , Edetic Acid/pharmacology , Eggs , Animals , Chick Embryo , Drug Therapy, Combination , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/metabolism , Salmonella arizonae/metabolism
6.
Avian Dis ; 22(1): 61-70, 1978.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-646763

ABSTRACT

Poults were protected against challenge with Arizona hinshawii 7:1,7,8 inoculated into the yolk sac 30 hours post-hatching by preincubation streptomycin treatment of turkey eggs, administered by temperature-differential egg dipping in a solution composed of 250 ppm of a quaternary ammonium compound, 10 ppm of ethylenediaminetraacetate and streptomycin at 9 mg per ml. Mortalities at 17 hours and 22 days postchallenge were respectively 8% and 44% in poults from treated eggs vs 47% and 93% from untreated eggs. Liver isolation rates at 17 hours and 22 days postchallenge were respectively 0% and 16% in poults from treated eggs, vs 71% and 80% from untreated eggs.


Subject(s)
Chickens , Eggs , Poultry Diseases/prevention & control , Salmonella Infections, Animal/prevention & control , Streptomycin/administration & dosage , Animals , Housing, Animal , Methods , Poultry Diseases/microbiology , Poultry Diseases/mortality , Salmonella Infections, Animal/microbiology , Salmonella Infections, Animal/mortality , Salmonella arizonae/isolation & purification , Streptomycin/therapeutic use
7.
S Afr Med J ; 49(46): 1937-8, 1975 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1198219

ABSTRACT

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord is a rare complication of vitamin B12 deficiency and is seldom encountered today. A case of Addisonian pernicious anaemia is reported in which the classical signs of subacute combined degeneration developed suddenly after air encephalography had been performed. The patient made a complete recovery.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Pernicious/complications , Pneumoencephalography/adverse effects , Spinal Cord Diseases/etiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Syndrome
8.
Avian Dis ; 19(3): 506-14, 1975.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1164318

ABSTRACT

Hatching eggs from a commercial strain of turkeys infected naturally with Mycoplasma meleagridis were injected before incubation with various doses of tylosin, gentamicin, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol, individually and in combination. The antibiotics were inoculated into the albumen through a hole made in the small end of the egg. Gentamicin was the only drug consistently effective in reducing infection. With inoculation by the procedure described, the embryos tolerated several dose levels of gentamicin, tylosin, and erythromycin well.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Mycoplasma Infections/veterinary , Poultry Diseases/prevention & control , Turkeys , Air Sacs , Animals , Chick Embryo , Chloramphenicol/administration & dosage , Chloramphenicol/therapeutic use , Chloramphenicol/toxicity , Eggs , Erythromycin/administration & dosage , Erythromycin/therapeutic use , Gentamicins/administration & dosage , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Gentamicins/toxicity , Incubators , Injections/methods , Leucomycins/administration & dosage , Leucomycins/therapeutic use , Mycoplasma Infections/prevention & control
10.
Bull Med Libr Assoc ; 59(1): 75-6, 1971 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-5542919

ABSTRACT

Because of the many demands currently being made upon physicians, a Clinical Pharmacy Training Program has been established to assist them in a patient-oriented program of drug therapy. This program provides clinical training for students in the College of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, and for our local hospital pharmacy interns and residents. Our Medical Library enters into this program by providing training in medical literature resources to students and staff involved in this program. Cooperation between the Medical Service, Pharmacy Service and Library Service, serves to promote our Medical Library as the resource and reference center at this hospital.

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