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1.
Orthop Rev (Pavia) ; 14(1): 30169, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35106128

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Assuming that spinal shape is a genetic expression, its analysis and acquired factors could assess their respective contribution to early spine deterioration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A geometric morphometric analysis was retrospectively performed on sagittal lumbar MRI of young patients with back pain to identify lumbar spine shape changes. Using Geometric Morphometrics, findings were analyzed with anthropometric, radiological, and clinical variables. RESULTS: 80 cases under 26 years of age were collected, 55 men (mean age 22.81) and 25 women (mean age 23.24). MRI abnormalities were reported in 57.5%: single altered disc (N=17), root compromises (N=8), and transition anomalies (35%).In the non-normal MRI subgroup, shape variation included: increased lordosis, enlarged vertebral body, canal stenosis, and lumbarization of S1. In non-Spanish origin patients, lumbar straightening and segmental deformities were prevalent. Morphometrics findings showed that lumbosacral transition anomalies are frequently underreported. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic factors could be the main determinants of abnormality in MRIs under 26 years. The primary markers are transitional abnormalities, segmental deformities, and canal stenosis. In foreign populations, shape changes could suggest spine overload at an early age.

2.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(4): 185-192, Oct.-Dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-230537

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Evaluar la relación del resultado del test Oncotype DX en tumores luminales con el valor del coeficiente de difusión aparente (CDA) en la secuencia de difusión en resonancia magnética (RM) mamaria y con otros parámetros radiológicos y anatomopatológicos. Pacientes y método Se revisaron retrospectivamente las RM mamarias de estadificación de las pacientes con cáncer de mama (CM) con receptores de estrógenos (RE) positivos y HER2 negativo a las que se les había solicitado el test Oncotype DX en los últimos cuatro años. Se recogieron los antecedentes familiares y personales, el tamaño y tipo de realce de la lesión, el CDA, el porcentaje de restricción a la difusión y la anatomía patológica. Todo ello se relacionó con el riesgo de recidiva (bajo: < 18, intermedio: 18-30 y alto: > 30) estimado en el test Oncotype DX. Resultados Se incluyeron 70 pacientes. Las lesiones categorizadas como bajo riesgo de recidiva asociaron valores de CDA significativamente más altos que el resto de grupos (p = 0,04) y las clasificadas como alto riesgo menor expresión de receptores de progesterona (RP) (p = 0,038). El valor de CDA clasificó como riesgo bajo o intermedio-alto según Oncotype DX con un área bajo la curva (AUC) de 0,73 (p = 0,001) para todos los tumores y de 0,76 (p < 0,001) en lesiones con RP positivos. Conclusiones Se encontraron valores más altos del CDA en el grupo clasificado como riesgo bajo de recidiva y menor expresión de RP en el grupo de riesgo alto. El CDA podría ser útil en el pronóstico del CM, aunque son necesarios más estudios. (AU)


Objective To assess the relationship of the Oncotype DX test result with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in the diffusion sequence in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and with other radiological and anatomical-pathological parameters. Patients and methods We reviewed the pre-surgical staging breast MRIs of breast cancer (BC) patients with positive oestrogen receptors (ER) and negative HER2, for which the Oncotype DX test had been requested over the last four years. The ADC and the diffusion restriction percentage were obtained. Personal and family background were collected, along with pathological anatomy findings. We determined the association between all these factors and the risk of recurrence (low: < 18, intermediate: 18-30 and high: > 30) estimated by the Oncotype DX test. Results A total of 70 patients were included. Lesions categorized as being at low risk of recurrence according to the Oncotype DX test were associated with significantly higher ADC values than the rest of the groups (p = 0.04), and those classified as high risk were associated with lower progesterone receptor (PR) expression (p = 0.038). The ADC value classified the risk as low or intermediate-high according to the Oncotype DX test with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73 (p = 0.001) for all tumours and 0.76 (p < 0.001) in lesions with positive PR. Conclusions Higher ADC values were found in the group classified as being at low risk of tumour recurrence according to Oncotype DX. Lesions with high risk scores expressed lower PR. The ADC value may be useful in the prognosis of breast cancer, although further studies are required. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Retrospective Studies , Receptors, Progesterone
3.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 47(3): 120-125, Julio - Septiembre 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219987

ABSTRACT

La vertebroplastia y la cifoplastia son procedimientos de punción percutáneos que precisan de la inyección de cemento en el soma de una vértebra fracturada, con el fin de refuerzo y alivio del dolor. Con ocasión de un caso de cifoplastia del soma de L2 que desarrolló una infrecuente embolización diferida de cemento a la arteria pulmonar, se revisa la literatura y analizan los principales problemas médico-legales de estas complicaciones. Se subraya la necesidad de un consentimiento informado detallando la frecuencia y riesgos de estas complicaciones, así como un adecuado control radiológico postoperatorio, no solo local, sino torácico. Igualmente, se enfatiza la posibilidad de repetir el estudio radiológico local y torácico, ante cualquier cambio de la morfología de la fuga local o desaparición de la fuga local, ante la posibilidad de migraciones tardías. (AU)


Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are percutaneous puncture procedures that require the injection of cement into the soma of a fractured vertebra for reinforcement and pain relief.As the result of a case of kyphoplasty of the soma of L2 that developed a rare, delayed embolization of cement to the pulmonary artery, we undertook a literature review, and the main medico-legal problems of these complications were analysed.The need for informed consent is stressed, detailing the frequency and risks of these complications, as well as adequate postoperative local and chest X-ray control. Likewise, the possibility is highlighted of repeat local and chest X-rays in the event of any change in the morphology of local leakage or disappearance of local leakage in the event of late migration. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Embolization, Therapeutic , Vertebroplasty , Kyphoplasty , Jurisprudence
4.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 62(5): 365-375, sept.-oct. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-199815

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Los tumores triples negativos (TN) constituyen el subgrupo de cáncer de mama (CM) más agresivo. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los principales factores radiopatológicos de estos tumores para crear un perfil de riesgo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Es un estudio constituido por 140 pacientes diagnosticadas de CM TN desde enero del 2007 a diciembre del 2016. Se analizaron los factores radiológicos en resonancia magnética (RM) de estadificación: tamaño, necrosis, hallazgos asociados, adenopatías, parámetros de perfusión y difusión. En biopsias diagnósticas se estudiaron características del componente infiltrante: tipo histológico, Scarf-Bloom, Ki67 y p53 y el componente in situ. Se analizaron las adenopatías histológicamente positivas y en las piezas quirúrgicas: tamaño, invasión linfovascular/perineural y adenosis microglandular. El seguimiento finalizó en abril de 2018. Se evaluó la relación de los factores radiopatológicos con la recidiva y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad (SLE). RESULTADOS: Los tumores con tamaño igual o superior a 25 mm en RM, realce no nodular, edema mamario o retracción del complejo aréola-pezón y adenopatías presentaron más recidivas y menor SLE. Los carcinomas lobulillares infiltrantes, el tamaño posquirúrgico>20 mm y p53 <15% también se asociaron con la recidiva y una menor SLE. Las adenopatías histológicamente positivas se relacionaron con un mayor porcentaje de recidivas, y la invasión linfovascular, con una menor SLE. El análisis multivariante ha definido que el tamaño en RM>25 mm, el realce no nodular, las adenopatías en RM, y la expresión menor del 15% de p53 son variables pronósticas independientes. CONCLUSIONES: El tamaño igual o superior a 25 mm, realce no nodular y adenopatías en RM, y una expresión inferior al 15% de p53 condicionan una menor SLE


OBJECTIVE: Triple-negative tumors are the most aggressive type of breast cancer. We aimed to analyze the main radiologic and histopathologic factors of these tumors to create a risk profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from 140 patients diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer between January 2007 and December 2016, with follow-up through April 2018. We analyzed the following variables in the breast MRI done for staging: size, necrosis, associated findings, adenopathies, and perfusion and diffusion parameters. We analyzed the following variables in histopathologic studies of biopsy specimens: histological type, Scarf-Bloom, Ki67, and p53 in the infiltrating component as well as in the in situ component. We analyzed the following variables in histopathologic studies of positive lymph nodes and surgical specimens: size, lymphovascular/perineural invasion, and microglandular adenosis. We analyzed the relation between the radiologic and histopathologic factors and recurrence and disease-free survival. RESULTS: MRI tumor size>25mm, non-nodular enhancement, breast edema, areola-nipple complex retraction, and lymph-node involvement were associated with recurrence and lower disease-free survival. Invasive lobular carcinoma, postsurgical size>20mm, and p53<15% were also associated with recurrence and lower disease-free survival. Histologically positive lymph nodes were associated with a greater percentage of recurrence and lymphovascular invasion and with lower disease-free survival. The multivariate analysis found that the variables MRI size>25mm, non-nodular enhancement, adenopathies on MRI, and p53 expression <15% were independent predictors of lower disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: In triple-negative breast tumors, factors associated with lower disease-free survival are non-nodular enhancement, size>25mm, and adenopathies on MRI, and p53 expression <15% on histopathologic study


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Metastasis/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/classification , Risk Factors , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Progression-Free Survival , Retrospective Studies
5.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 62(5): 365-375, 2020.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32093905

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Triple-negative tumors are the most aggressive type of breast cancer. We aimed to analyze the main radiologic and histopathologic factors of these tumors to create a risk profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from 140 patients diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer between January 2007 and December 2016, with follow-up through April 2018. We analyzed the following variables in the breast MRI done for staging: size, necrosis, associated findings, adenopathies, and perfusion and diffusion parameters. We analyzed the following variables in histopathologic studies of biopsy specimens: histological type, Scarf-Bloom, Ki67, and p53 in the infiltrating component as well as in the in situ component. We analyzed the following variables in histopathologic studies of positive lymph nodes and surgical specimens: size, lymphovascular/perineural invasion, and microglandular adenosis. We analyzed the relation between the radiologic and histopathologic factors and recurrence and disease-free survival. RESULTS: MRI tumor size>25mm, non-nodular enhancement, breast edema, areola-nipple complex retraction, and lymph-node involvement were associated with recurrence and lower disease-free survival. Invasive lobular carcinoma, postsurgical size>20mm, and p53<15% were also associated with recurrence and lower disease-free survival. Histologically positive lymph nodes were associated with a greater percentage of recurrence and lymphovascular invasion and with lower disease-free survival. The multivariate analysis found that the variables MRI size>25mm, non-nodular enhancement, adenopathies on MRI, and p53 expression <15% were independent predictors of lower disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: In triple-negative breast tumors, factors associated with lower disease-free survival are non-nodular enhancement, size>25mm, and adenopathies on MRI, and p53 expression <15% on histopathologic study.


Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/surgery
6.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 45(4): 147-154, oct.-dic. 2019. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-188619

ABSTRACT

La donación corporal es la base de los programas de trasplantes, cuya regulación se fundamenta en los derechos del donante y receptor. Sin embargo, si su objetivo no es asistencial, la normativa difiere tanto en vivos como en fallecidos. Las llamadas «técnicas de imagen» permiten obtener ficheros digitales con el cuerpo virtual del paciente, lo que brinda una nueva posibilidad: la donación corporal virtual, no regulada en España y tampoco ajustada a la normativa del resto de las donaciones. Presentamos un programa de donación corporal, analizando sus características, aspectos médico-legales, clínicos, de organización y funcionamiento. Contar con un número ilimitado de especímenes virtuales impulsa una nueva forma de docencia e investigación. Tiene, además, ventajas para la formación de los profesionales en técnicas de autopsia virtual. Creemos que este programa, pionero en España, puede servir para extender iniciativas similares de utilidad ilimitada en docencia e investigación en ciencias forenses, morfológicas y afines


Body donation is in the basis of transplantation programs, founded on receptor and donor rights. Nevertheless, if the purpose is not directed to healthcare, the regulation is different both in live or deceased individuals. "Imaging techniques" generates digital files containing the «virtual body» of the patient, raising a new possibility: virtual body donation, which is not regulated in Spain and would not be compliant with legal requirements for other ways of donation. A pioneer program for virtual body donation is presented, analysing its characteristics, medico-legal issues, organisation and functioning. Having an unlimited number of virtual specimens (normal and pathological) could support a new way for teaching and research. These resources would also have the advantage of learning virtual biopsy (virtopsy). It is thought that these programs, pioneers in Spain, could be useful for introducing similar initiatives that would have unlimited applications in teaching and research both in forensic and morphological sciences


Subject(s)
Humans , Tissue Donors/legislation & jurisprudence , Living Donors/legislation & jurisprudence , Bioethical Issues , Virtual Reality , Informed Consent/legislation & jurisprudence , Informed Consent/standards
7.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 44(2): 73-82, abr.-jun. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174619

ABSTRACT

Con ocasión de un caso de asociación entre síndrome de Down y sinostosis vertebral congénita que sufrió lesión medular traumática, se revisa la asociación de estos cuadros y sus implicaciones clínicas y forenses. La literatura no ha comunicado hasta ahora una asociación prevalente entre síndrome de Down y sinostosis cervicales. Ambos cuadros por separado propenden a la mielopatía cervical, bien de manera degenerativa, bien traumática. En consecuencia, la asociación de ambos debe verse como un factor de riesgo de daño medular o de manera espontánea o, sobre todo, después de traumatismos. En estos casos, la exploración radiológica debe ser exhaustiva incluyendo RMN ya que pueden existir lesiones medulares incluso ante traumatismos mínimos. En caso de fallecimiento, la autopsia medular es obligada ya que puede revelar lesiones subclínicas, clarificar la naturaleza y extensión de las lesiones medulares y esqueléticas, así como ayudar a establecer una mejor correlación anatomoclínica


This paper reviews the association of clinical symptoms and their clinical and forensic implications in a patient with Down's syndrome and congenital cervical synostosis who experienced a traumatic spinal cord injury. To date, no prevalent association between Down's syndrome and cervical synostosis has been reported in the literature. Given that both entities are prone to cause degenerative or traumatic cervical myelopathy, the combination of both conditions must be seen as a risk factor for spontaneous, and particularly traumatic, spinal cord damage. In these cases, radiological examination must be exhaustive, including MRI, given the possibility of spinal cord injury even after minimal trauma. In the event of death, spinal cord autopsy is mandatory as it may reveal subclinical lesions, clarify the nature and extension of the spinal cord and skeletal injuries and help to establish an improved anatomo-clinical correlation


Subject(s)
Humans , Down Syndrome/epidemiology , Synostosis/epidemiology , Autopsy/methods , Cervical Vertebrae/injuries , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Down Syndrome/complications , Synostosis/complications , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Wounds and Injuries , Spinal Cord Diseases/complications
8.
Eur. j. anat ; 22(1): 37-49, ene. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-170480

ABSTRACT

Geometric Morphometrics (GM) offers a new and interactive way for shape analysis, rarely used in spine morphology study. We used GM to investigate the relationships between being overweight and lumbar sagittal configuration. Age, sex, weight, height and BMI of 152 consecutive spine MRI were retrospectively collected. 66 landmarks were digitized on each midsagittal T2-weighted images. Procrustes superimpositions, Principal Component analysis (PCA), Canonical Variate analysis (CVA), and other multivariate techniques were used to find mean shape consensus and possible shape-BMI covariations. A strong correlation between sagittal lumbar shape and BMI was found. Morphological changes such as telescoping, lordosis and variations in vertebral-disk shape were found to be related with BMI, as well as other common variables such as sex and age. GM helps understand the way in which being overweight influences the lumbar shape. These techniques offer a powerful, reproducible and dynamically interactive method to explore spine shape, with diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive implications. A more extensive use of Geometric Morphometrics in spine shape investigation is proposed


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Spine/anatomy & histology , Low Back Pain/diagnostic imaging , Anatomic Landmarks/anatomy & histology , Spinal Curvatures/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , 28599 , Lordosis/diagnostic imaging , Overweight/physiopathology
9.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 43(4): 155-161, oct.-dic. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-167692

ABSTRACT

La objetivación de las lesiones espinales o medulares en accidentes es un tema clásico de discusión tanto en Medicina Asistencial como en Medicina Forense. Un problema particular son los pacientes con daño medular sintomático y neuroimagen normal. Estos casos se denominan con los acrónimos SCIWORA («spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality»), SCIWNA («spinal cord injury without neuroimaging abnormality») y SCIWORET («spinal cord injury without radiologic evidence of trauma»). Nuestro propósito es revisar los aspectos clínicos, radiológicos y médico-legales de estos cuadros, desconocidos muchas veces para quien no trata habitualmente lesionados medulares. El objetivo principal está centrado en los aspectos médico-legales de estos cuadros. Nuestros resultados cuestionan algunos aspectos del reciente sistema para la valoración de los daños y perjuicios causados a las personas en accidentes de circulación (Ley 35/2015), en los llamados traumatismos cervicales menores. En consecuencia, el tratamiento que la reciente legislación española da a dichos traumatismos podría necesitar ser revisada (AU)


The objective demonstration of minor spinal and spinal-cord lesions following accidents is a classic discussion issue in both Clinical and Forensic Medicine. Particular problems are the patients with symptomatic spinal cord damage and normal neuroimaging. These situations are usually named with acronyms: SCIWORA ("spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality"), SCIWNA ("apinal cord injury without neuroimaging abnormality"), and SCIWORET ("spinal cord injury without radiological evidence of trauma"). Our purpose is to review the main clinical, radiological, and medico-legal features of these conditions, often unknown by those who are not used to treating spinal cord lesions. The main objective is focused on the medico-legal problems of these conditions. The results of our review places under question some aspects of the recent 35/2015 Spanish Law on accidents compensation, in particular when dealing with minor spinal injuries. Therefore, a review of the recent Spanish law's statements about spinal minor injuries compensation is required (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Spinal Cord Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Cord Injuries/etiology , Forensic Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Neuroimaging/methods , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging
10.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 30(3): 103-109, jul.-sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-166368

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre la densidad mamográfica, la invasión linfovascular, la adenosis microglandular y el estado ganglionar de los tumores triples negativos (TN) con la recidiva tumoral y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad. Estudiar si la perfusión tumoral en las RM de estadificación se correlaciona con la recidiva tumoral, la supervivencia libre de enfermedad o los valores de restricción a la difusión. Analizar si la administración de quimioterapia neoadyuvante (QTN) o el tipo de tratamiento quirúrgico (cirugía conservadora o mastectomía) se asocian a un peor pronóstico. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de las mamografías y de las RM pretratamiento de 122 pacientes con tumores TN entre los años 2007 y 2014. Se valoró la densidad mamaria en estudios mamográficos realizados en el momento del diagnóstico. El estado ganglionar se analizó en muestras de biopsia o quirúrgicas, mientras que la invasión linfovascular y la adenosis microglandular se estudió únicamente en muestras quirúrgicas. Resultados. La densidad mamográfica y los factores anatomo-patológicos no se asociaron con la recidiva tumoral. Los valores de realce máximo en la secuencia dinámica eran más altos en las pacientes sin recidiva tumoral (p=0,028), sin demostrar relación con la restricción a la difusión. Conclusiones. Los tumores con valores más altos de realce interno en RM de estadificación presentan un menor índice de recidivas. No se demostró correlación entre los valores de realce interno tumoral y de restricción a la difusión. Y no se observó asociación pronóstica con el resto de factores radio-patológicos (AU)


Objective. To analyse the association between breast density, lymphovascular invasion, microglandular adenosis and the axillary node status of triple-negative tumours (TN) with tumour recurrence and disease-free survival. To study whether tumour perfusion in MRI staging correlates with tumour recurrence, disease-free survival or diffusion restriction. To analyse whether the administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) or the type of surgical treatment (breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy) are associated with a worse prognosis. Patients and methods. A retrospective study of mammograms and staging MRIs was performed from 2007 to 2014, including 122 women with TN breast cancer. Breast density was assessed in mammographic studies performed at the time of diagnosis. Lymph node status was analysed in biopsy or surgical specimens, whereas lymphovascular invasion and microglandular adenosis were studied only in surgical specimens. Results. Breast density and histopathological factors were not associated with tumour recurrence. The maximum enhancement values in the dynamic sequence were higher in patients without tumour recurrence (P=.028), without demonstrating a relationship with diffusion restriction. Conclusions. Tumours with higher values of internal enhancement showed less tumour recurrence. There was no correlation between the values of internal tumour enhancement and diffusion restriction. No prognostic association was observed with the remaining radiopathological factors (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/complications , Disease-Free Survival , Mammography/methods , Mastectomy/methods , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms , Breast Neoplasms/complications , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Prognosis , Pathology/methods , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods
11.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 43(2): 47-57, abr.-jun. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-162485

ABSTRACT

Introducción. En España más de un 10% de los accidentes de circulación tienen la consideración de accidentes de trabajo. Entre sus consecuencias un buen número son esguinces cervicales. Sin embargo, pese a su incidencia y repercusión socioeconómica existe poca literatura sobre el esguince cervical laboral. En el presente trabajo revisamos una extensa muestra de estos casos con el objetivo de aportar información sobre el tema, hasta ahora escasa, así como valorar si el perfil de los traumatismos cervicales menores laborales difiere de los no laborales. Material y métodos. Se analizan 690 casos de esguinces cervicales que tuvieron la consideración de accidente laboral, valorados y tratados según un protocolo multiaxial recientemente publicado. El análisis se extiende a la revisión de la literatura al respecto. Resultados. Los resultados muestran particularidades en el grupo laboral, como cifras de baja laboral superiores en conductores, plazos de incapacidad temporal diferentes por profesiones o día del accidente. Algunas lesiones concurrentes como: hernia de disco, síndrome de encrucijada cervicotorácica y afección de hombro se asociaron a periodos de incapacidad temporal más prolongados. La existencia de accidentes laborales previos se asoció también a periodos de baja más dilatados. Conclusiones. Se enfatiza la necesidad de compartir las bases de datos existentes para identificar la incidencia y repercusión de los esguinces cervicales laborales dentro del total de accidentes de circulación. Se detectan algunas deficiencias como falta de información, dispersión de las bases institucionales y discrepancias entre las fuentes en la literatura. Se subraya la importancia de las enfermedades posganglionares y extracervicales, así como de la hernia discal en las evoluciones más prolongadas. Se resalta la utilidad del modelo multiaxial en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y valoración del esguince cervical para reducir el periodo de baja, las secuelas y también para entender la singularidad de los esguinces cervicales laborales (AU)


Introduction. In Spain, more than 10% of road traffic accidents are legally deemed work-related accidents, with whiplash being one of the main resulting injuries. Nevertheless, despite its high incidence and socio-economic repercussions, there are very few studies of work-related whiplash in the literature. In this paper, we review a large sample of these cases with the aim of broadening our scarce knowledge of the subject, and to ascertain whether the profile of work-related whiplash differs from non-work-related whiplash. Material and methods. We studied 690 cases of whiplash deemed to be workplace accidents that were assessed and treated following a recently-published multiaxial protocol. The analysis extended to a review of the applicable literature. Results. The results revealed several peculiarities in the work-related whiplash group, such as higher rates of sick leave for drivers and differing length of temporary disability according to profession or day of the accident. Some whiplash-related injuries, such as disc herniation, thoracic outlet syndrome or shoulder injuries, were associated with longer periods of temporary incapacity. A history of previous work-related accidents was also associated with longer sick leave. Conclusions. We emphasise the need to share the existing databases in order to identify the rate and repercussion of work-related whiplash compared to all road traffic accidents. Certain deficiencies were found, such as a lack of information, dispersion of the institutional databases and discrepancies between the available sources. The relevance of postganglionic and extracervical conditions are underlined, together with disc herniation, in cases with longer clinical courses. A multiaxial model for diagnosing, treating and assessing work-related whiplash is proposed as a method to minimise sick leave, sequelae and to understand the singular profile of work-related whiplash (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sprains and Strains/epidemiology , Neck Injuries/epidemiology , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/epidemiology , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Registries/statistics & numerical data
12.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 30(2): 52-60, abr.-jun. 2017. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-163545

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar si la perfusión y restricción a la difusión de los tumores triple negativos en la resonancia magnética de estadificación se correlacionan con la respuesta a la quimioterapia neoadyuvante (QTN). Correlacionar la respuesta radiopatológica a la QTN y estudiar si el grado de respuesta asocia un peor pronóstico. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de 73 pacientes con tumores triple negativos diagnosticados entre los años 2007 y 2014 con resonancia magnética de estadificación y de control posterior al tratamiento QTN. Se valoró el grado de respuesta radiológica al tratamiento QTN mediante resonancia magnética y la respuesta patológica en muestras quirúrgicas, siendo posible la correlación radiopatológica en 46 pacientes. Resultados. Se determinó moderada concordancia radiopatológica a la respuesta quimioterápica (kappa=0,590). Los tumores con un menor time to peak asociaban porcentajes mayores de respuesta radiológica completa (p=0,022) y los tumores con curvas funcionales tipo 3 se asociaban a mayores porcentajes de respuesta completa patológica (p=0,024). Se demostró menor supervivencia en las pacientes con menor respuesta radiológica (p=0,004) o patológica (p=0,04). No se encontró correlación entre los grupos de respuesta completa radiopatológica respecto al resto de grupos de respuesta y la supervivencia libre de enfermedad. Conclusiones. Los tumores triple negativos con menor time to peak o con curvas tipo 3 presentaban mejor respuesta al tratamiento. Se ha demostrado mayor supervivencia en tumores con mayor grado de respuesta radiopatológica (AU)


Objectives. To analyse whether perfusion and diffusion restriction in staging magnetic resonance imaging of triple-negative tumours correlate with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC). To correlate the radio-pathological chemotherapy response and determine whether the response is associated with a worse prognosis. Patients and methods. Retrospective study of 73 patients with triple-negative tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2014 with staging magnetic resonance imaging and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging after NC treatment. The radiological response to NC treatment at magnetic resonance imaging and the pathological response in surgical specimens were assessed. Radio-pathological correlation was feasible in only 46 patients. Results. A moderate radiological-pathological concordance was found in relation to chemotherapy response (kappa=0.590). Tumours with lower time to peak of radiological complete response (P=.022) and tumours with functional type 3 curves were associated with higher percentages of pathological complete response (P=.024). Lower survival was demonstrated in patients with lower radiological (P=.004) or pathological (P=.04) response. No correlation was found between the complete radio-pathological response groups with respect to the rest of the response groups and disease-free survival. Conclusions. Triple-negative N tumours with lower time to peak or type 3 curves showed better response to treatment. Increased survival was found in tumours with a higher level of radio-pathological response (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms , Neoplasm Staging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Retrospective Studies , Prognosis , Immunohistochemistry/methods
13.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 27(3): 4525-4528, 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-987203

ABSTRACT

Las variantes anatómicas del tronco celíaco son muy comunes y normalmente asintomáticas. Es importante conocer las diferentes configuraciones para evitar potenciales complicaciones en pacientes que se someten a un procedimiento diagnóstico o terapéutico. La agenesia del tronco celíaco es una variante anatómica muy rara, descrita por unos pocos autores. Se presentan dos casos de agenesia del tronco celíaco diagnosticados accidentalmente mediante tomografía computarizada. Las arterias hepática común y esplénica adquieren una "configuración en U" sin origen en la aorta abdominal, y con una arcada colateral pancreato-duodenal que suple al hígado y al bazo. En este artículo se describen los hallazgos radiográficos de la agenesia del tronco celíaco en ambos casos y se hace una revisión de tema sobre las variaciones del tronco celíaco.


Anatomical variations of the celiac trunk are very common and usually asymptomatic. It is important to know these different configurations to avoid potential complications in patients undergoing a diagnostic or surgical procedure. Celiac trunk agenesis is a very rare anatomical configuration, reported by a few authors. We show two cases of celiac trunk agenesis incidentally diagnosed by computerized tomography (CT). Common hepatic and splenic arteries acquire a "U-shape" that does not arise from the abdominal aorta, and a collateral pancreatic-duodenal arcade supplies the liver and spleen. In this article we describe the imaging findings of celiac trunk agenesis in both cases and made a literature review on celiac trunk variations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Celiac Artery , Multidetector Computed Tomography , Anatomic Variation
14.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 26(4): 4328-4331, 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-987875

ABSTRACT

Las hernias internas transmesentéricas (HT) son poco frecuentes en los adultos y se relacionan mayoritariamente con cirugías abdominales previas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir los principales hallazgos de las HT y de estrangulación intestinal en tomografía computarizada (TC). Se presenta un paciente sin antecedentes quirúrgicos, con una oclusión aguda en "asa cerrada" de un segmento de íleon distal, comprometido vascularmente a través de un defecto herniario transmesentérico. Las hernias internas suelen diagnosticarse cuando se produce una obstrucción en "asa cerrada" u oclusión en dos puntos del segmento intestinal herniado. La TC muestra una agrupación de asas intestinales distendidas y convergencia de vasos mesentéricos hacia el defecto herniario. Las HT suelen localizarse en posición lateral al colon transverso. Es importante descartar el compromiso vascular intestinal, frecuente en las HT. Se deben incluir las hernias internas en el diagnóstico diferencial de obstrucción intestinal, fundamentalmente en pacientes no operados previamente.


Transmesenteric internal hernias (TH) are rare in adults and are mainly related to previous abdominal surgeries. The purpose of this article is to describe the main radiological findings of TH and strangulation obstruction on computerized tomography (CT). We present a patient with no history of previous surgeries, with acute closed loop obstruction of a segment of distal ileum, vascularly compromised through a transmesenteric hernial defect. Internal hernias are usually diagnosed when a closed loop obstruction occurs, or an occlusion in two points of the herniated intestinal segment. The CT shows a group of distended intestinal loops, and convergence of the mesenteric vessels towards the hernia defect. TH are often located lateral to the transverse colon. It is important to rule out intestinal ischemia, very common in TH. We should include internal hernias in the differential diagnosis of acute small bowel obstruction, mainly in patients with no history of previous surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hernia, Abdominal , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Mesenteric Ischemia , Intestinal Obstruction
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