ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo determine the attributes of COVID-19 vaccines that influence vaccine acceptance using a DCE through a systematic review. MethodsA systematic search was carried out for articles published up to November 2021 in the PubMed, Psycinfo, Embase, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus databases. The electronic search algorithm consisted of the terms (Covid-19) AND (Vaccine) AND (discrete choice experiment). FindingsA total of 39 records were retrieved of which 18 duplicates were identified and removed. Of the remaining 21 records, 10 were excluded because they did not use a DCE approach. 11 studies were included in the meta-analyses with a total of 42 795 participants from three WHO regions. We examined 13 attributes of COVID-19 vaccine that influenced acceptance; cost, vaccine efficacy, number of doses, risk of side effects, proof of vaccination, vaccination setting, duration of immunity, doctors recommendation, proportion of acquaintances vaccinated, region of vaccine manufacture, background knowledge of herd immunity, life attenuated or mRNA, speed of vaccination development. The four attributes reported to influence COVID-19 vaccine preferences most worldwide were; high vaccine efficacy, low risk of side effects, long duration of immunity and low number of doses of the vaccine. ConclusionThe most preferred COVID-19 vaccine attributes should be taken into account by vaccine manufacturers and public health policy makers for better introduction and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine to the world.
ABSTRACT
Introduction The advent of genome amplification assays has allowed description of new respiratory viruses and to reconsider the role played by certain respiratory viruses in bronchiolitis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was initiated to clarify the prevalence of respiratory viruses in children with bronchiolitis in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic context. MethodsWe performed an electronic search through Pubmed and Global Index Medicus databases. We included observational studies reporting the detection rate of common respiratory viruses in children with bronchiolitis using molecular assays. Data was extracted and the quality of the included articles was assessed. We conducted sensitivity, subgroups, publication bias, and heterogeneity analyses using a random effect model. ResultsThe final meta-analysis included 51 studies. Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) was largely the most commonly detected virus 59.2%; 95% CI [54.7; 63.6]). The second predominant virus was Rhinovirus (RV) 19.3%; 95% CI [16.7; 22.0]) followed by Human bocavirus (HBoV) 8.2%; 95% CI [5.7; 11.2]). Other reported viruses included Human Adenovirus (HAdV) 6.1%; 95% CI [4.4; 8.0]), Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) 5.4%; 95% CI [4.4; 6.4]), Human Parainfluenzavirus (HPIV) 5.4%; 95% CI [3.8; 7.3]), Influenza 3.2%; 95% CI [2.2; 4.3], mild Human Coronavirus (HCoV) 2.9%; 95% CI [2.0; 4.0]), and Enterovirus (EV) 2.9%; 95% CI [1.6; 4.5]). HRSV was the predominant virus involved in multiple detection and most codetections were HRSV + RV 7.1%, 95% CI [4.6; 9.9]) and HRSV + HBoV 4.5%, 95% CI [2.4; 7.3]). ConclusionsThe present study has shown that HRSV is the main cause of bronchiolitis in children, we also have Rhinovirus, and Bocavirus which also play a significant role. No study has reported the presence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 in children with bronchiolitis to date.
