ABSTRACT
Aim: To explore the potential of the circulating plasma miRNA-21 as an early detection biomarker by comparing early-stage breast cancer (BG) and healthy control (HG) in Indonesian population. Materials and methods: The enlisted patients were 26 adult female early-stage breast cancer patients (stage 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B) of Airlangga University Hospital from August 2019 to October 2019. Sixteen volunteers were recruited as matching healthy subjects. MiRNA-21 expression was quantified by plasma qRT-PCR. Data analysis performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). MiRNA-21 cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The study included 26 BG and 16 HG subjects. The miRNA-21 expression in BG group was 3.933 (1.181-11.794) and 0.905 (0.164-4.532) in HG group (4.34 folds; P = 0.001), with 1.66 cut-off (92.3% sensitivity; 81.2% specificity). MiRNA-21 expression separated analysis in HG showed a 0.578 times lower expression in menopause subjects [0.651 (0.164-0.414)], compared to premenopause ones [(1.123 (0.758 - 4.532); P = 0.031]. Yet, in BG group, 1.729 times higher miRNA-21 expression was observed in menopause subjects (6.021 ± 3.583), compared to premenopause ones (3.500 ± 1.517; P = 0.022). Conclusions: Circulating miRNA-21 expression is a potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer and might act as a breast cancer risk predictor.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/blood , Case-Control Studies , Early Detection of Cancer , Female , Humans , MicroRNAs/blood , Middle Aged , ROC Curve , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare but fatal disease leading to severe neurological impairments. PML is a clinical manifestation, which is usually associated with John Cunningham virus (JCV) infection. It is also correlated to malignancies that mainly include hematologic malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Until now, no specific treatment has been established for JCV-induced PML; therefore, the prognosis of this disease is poor.We present a case of a 67-year-old woman who suffered from CLL with a chief complaint of seizure. Her clinical symptoms, results of brain MRI and biopsy were suggestive for the JCV-induced PML. The patient had received treatment using mefloquine at dose of 250 mg/day with no clinical improvement.
