ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Very early bilateral cochlear implant (CI) provision is today's established standard for children. Therefore, the assessment of preverbal and verbal performance in very early stages of development is becoming increasingly important. Performance data from cohorts of children were evaluated and presented based on diagnostic assessment using chronological age (CA) and hearing age (HA). METHODS: The present study, as part of a retrospective multicentre study, included 4 cohorts (Nâ¯= 72-233) of children with bilateral CI without additional disabilities. Their results in the German parent questionnaires Elternfragebögen zur Früherkennung von Risikokindern(ELFRA1 and ELFRA-2) subdivided for CA and HA were statistically analysed. The data were also analysed in terms of mono-/bilingualism and age at CI provision. RESULTS: Overall, verbal performance in relation to CA was lower than in relation to HA. Preverbal skills were largely CA appropriate. Children with bi-/multilingual language acquisition performed significantly lower. Verbal performance in ELFRA2 referenced to CA was negatively correlated with age at CI provision. CONCLUSION: In the case of early CI provision, CA should be the preferred reference mark in preverbal and verbal assessment in order to obtain exact individual performance levels and avoid bias in results. The percentiles determined are of limited use as generally valid reference values to which the individual performance of bilaterally implanted children could be compared. Further multicentre studies should be initiated.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all essential treatment must adhere to strict health and hygiene protocols. New measures have been introduced in CI treatment centres in order to safely accommodate families and continue to provide effective follow-up CI therapy for children implanted with CIs. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to document, over the course of the pandemic, how patients' parents viewed the likelihood and danger of infection and how necessary they thought the newly implemented protocols were. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All parents of children implanted with CIs who participated in therapy at the CIC treatment centre between August and November 2020 (Nâ¯= 255) were requested to fill out a questionnaire anonymously following their stay. RESULTS: 255 questionnaires were distributed, 83 (32.5%) of which were filled out. During the course of the study, there was an increase in the parents' perceived risk of infection. Simultaneously, fewer parents felt well protected at the CIC. According to parents, the new hygiene protocols at the CIC did not negatively affect treatment. However, many parents noted that their interactions with other patient families had been better prior to introduction of the hygiene protocols. CONCLUSIONS: The CIC`s hygiene protocols were well received. However, data analysis over the course of the study suggests that hygiene protocols were not sufficient to prevent fear of infection in light of increasing rate of infection.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , COVID-19/prevention & control , Child , Humans , Hygiene , Inpatients , Pandemics , Parents , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To document musical listening and enjoyment in recipients of Advanced Bionics cochlear implants (CIs) and to compare musical perception in those using early coding strategies with subjects using the newer HiRes and HiRes 120 strategies. METHODS: A questionnaire was completed by 136 adult subjects, including questions on the ability to identify specific musical features. The subjects were in three groups: those using early coding strategies (n = 29), HiRes (n = 59), and HiRes 120 (n = 48), and results were compared with a group of 84 normally hearing (NH) subjects. RESULTS: Of the CI users, 79% reported listening to music. The NH group rated listening frequency and enjoyment higher than the CI users. Thirty-five users reported that they sang and this group had significantly higher overall performance. There were no significant differences in overall perception of specific musical features among the strategy groups, though some individual questions showed significantly higher performance in the HiRes 120 users. DISCUSSION: Users of current CI technology show a high level of musical appreciation, though still significantly less than NH subjects. Frequency of listening and enjoyment were significantly correlated and active participation in musical activities, specifically singing, resulted in significantly higher overall performance scores.
Subject(s)
Auditory Perception/physiology , Cochlear Implants , Deafness/psychology , Deafness/therapy , Music , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Cochlear Implantation , Deafness/physiopathology , Equipment Design , Female , Habits , Happiness , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess if speech perception improves after the upgrade from the TEMPO+ to the OPUS 2 processor. METHOD: In this retrospective study, 45 subjects (54 ears) implanted with a cochlear implant were upgraded from the TEMPO+ (continuous interleaved sampling + coding strategy) to the OPUS 2 processor (fine structure processing). Before the upgrade, patients were tested with the Freiburg monosyllable (FM) and the Hochmair-Schulz-Moser (HSM) sentence test in quiet and in noise. Four weeks after the upgrade, subjects were again assessed with the same tests. RESULTS: In quiet, mean FM results improved from 62.0% (±21.3%) to 77.8% (±15.2%) and HSM sentences from 69.9% (±26.1%) to 77.9% (±22.1%). In noise, mean FM results improved from 27.3% (±17.1%) to 52.1% (±18.6%) and HSM sentences from 40.4% (±29.1%) to 58.0% (±26.1%). The upgrade to the OPUS 2 was statistically very significant for all speech perception tests (p < 0.001). Additionally, subjects stated that the OPUS 2 initially sounded 'awkward' but that quality and speech perception improved after a certain adaptation time. CONCLUSION: Speech understanding in quiet and noise significantly improved with the OPUS 2 in all speech perception tests.
