ABSTRACT
Nematodes are non-segmented roundworms found in soil, aquatic environment, plants, or animals. Either useful or pathogenic, they greatly influence environmental equilibrium, human and animal health, as well as plant production. Knowledge on their taxonomy and biology are key issues to answer the different challenges associated to these organisms. Nowadays, most of the nematode taxonomy remains unknown or unclear. Several approaches are available for parasite identification, from the traditional morphology-based techniques to the sophisticated high-throughput sequencing technologies. All these techniques have advantages or drawbacks depending on the sample origin and the number of nematodes to be processed. This review proposes an overview of all newly available methods available to identify known and/or unknown nematodes with a specific focus on emerging high-throughput molecular techniques.
Subject(s)
DNA, Protozoan/analysis , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods , Nematoda/classification , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods , Animals , Nematoda/anatomy & histology , Nematoda/genetics , Plants/parasitology , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods , Soil/parasitologyABSTRACT
Different methods were evaluated to extract DNA from pooled nematodes belonging to Anisakis, Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova and Hysterothylacium genera isolated from edible fish. Pooled DNA extraction is the first and compulsory step to allow the identification of a large number of samples through high-throughput DNA sequencing with drastic time and cost reductions.
