ABSTRACT
ß(1,4)-Galactosyltransferase (ß4Gal-T1) and T. cruzi trans-sialidase (TcTS) have been used in a 'one-pot' cascade to provide vesicles (liposomes) with a trisaccharide coating. These soluble enzymes catalysed the transfer of galactose then sialic acid onto a synthetic N-acetylglucolipid embedded in the bilayers. Clustering of this substrate into microdomains increased the rate of sialylated lipid production, showing that an increase in ß4Gal-T1 activity is carried through the enzymatic cascade. These coatings modulated cell recognition. Hepatocellular carcinoma cells took up vesicles modified by ß4Gal-T1 alone more extensively than sialylated vesicles produced by 'one-pot' sequential enzymatic modification.
Subject(s)
Galactosyltransferases/chemistry , Glycolipids/metabolism , Glycoproteins/chemistry , Liposomes/metabolism , Neuraminidase/chemistry , Trisaccharides/chemical synthesis , Carbohydrate Sequence , Endocytosis/physiology , Glycolipids/chemistry , Glycosylation , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Liposomes/chemistry , Trisaccharides/chemistryABSTRACT
A molecular hydrogel formed by a derivative of L-valine with pendant isonicotinoyl moieties interacts selectively with protonated dopamine in the presence of related compounds such as 3-methylcatechol, and protonated or neutral phenethylamine. A two-point interaction with the gel fibers is postulated to explain the results. The conclusions are obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance saturation transfer experiments (STD-NMR), illustrating how this technique is perfectly suited to monitor the interaction of substrates with the fibrillar network of a molecular gel.
