ABSTRACT
Introduction: La COVID-19 est une zoonose virale causée par la souche de coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Vue la rapidité de sa propagation, l'OMS a qualifié cette maladie infectieuse émergente de pandémie internationale. L'objectif de notre étude est de décrire les caractéristiques hématologiques des patients atteints de COVID-19 hospitalisés au niveau du CHU d'Oran en Algérie. Patients et méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude prospective menée entre le 1er Juillet et le 15 Octobre 2020 ayant inclus des patients hospitalisés et/ou suivis au niveau des unités COVID-19 du CHU Oran en Algérie. La numération de formule sanguine a été faite sur un automate Mindray BC 6800. Résultats : Notre étude a inclus 68 patients dont 67,2% de sexe masculin et 32,8% de sexe féminin (sexe ratio H/F = 2) avec une médiane d'âge de 65 ans. Les bilans ont révélé une anémie chez 38,2 % des patients. Une hyperleucocytose (62,2%), une hyperneutrophilie (72,1%), une lymphopénie (66,2%) ,Une éosinopénie (58,8%), une monocytopénie (08,8%), une monocytose (20,6%), une thrombopénie (20,6%), une thrombocytose (14,7%), un VPM (Volume Plaquettaire Moyen) élevé dans 27,9% des cas et un IDP (Indice de Distribution Plaquettaire) élevé chez tous les patients. On constate aussi que 85% des patients âgés de plus de 50 ans ont un NLR ≥ 3,13. Conclusion : Certains paramètres tels que la lymphopénie et l'éosinopénie présentent une valeur diagnostique importante, alors que d'autres paramètres tels que le NLR (Neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio), le MLR (Monocyte -to-lymphocytes ratio) et le PLR (Platelet-to-lymphocytes ratio) offrent une valeur pronostique très précieuse.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Algeria , Hematologic Tests , Inpatients , AnemiaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. However, few data on incidence, histologic types and mortality rates of lung cancer were available for Algeria. METHODS: LuCaReAl is an ongoing descriptive, non-interventional, national, multicenter, prospective and longitudinal study conducted in Algeria, among oncologists and pulmonologists in public community and university hospitals. Median and interquartile ranges are displayed. RESULTS: Between July 2016 and July 2017, 897 patients were included. Overall incidence of lung cancer was 3.4 [3.2;3.6] cases per 100,000 inhabitants; overall incidence by sex was 5.8 [5.4;6.2] for males and 1.0 [0.8;1.1] for females. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type of cancer. Most tumors were diagnosed at Stage IV. CONCLUSION: The first results from the LuCaReAl study in Algeria showed that most patients are diagnosed with lung cancer at an advanced stage. The ongoing follow-up will next provide data on the survival and mortality rates.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Aged , Algeria , Female , Humans , Incidence , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , RegistriesABSTRACT
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hemoglobinopathy characterized by hemolysis, oxidative stress, and vaso-occlusive crises. Thromboembolism also remains a serious complication and probably underestimated in the SCD. Our objective was to seek the existence of hemostasis abnormalities that predispose to thrombosis such as elevation of FVIII and Physiological inhibitors of coagulation deficiency. We studied 81 patients with SCD, including 32 homozygous S/S, 20 double heterozygous S/ß thalassemia and 29 heterozygous S/A. Controls AA were in number 60. For each patient and control we assayed the physiological coagulation inhibitors (Protein C, Protein S and Antithrombin) and the clotting FVIII. We found a significant increase in FVIII in all phenotypes of SCD compared to controls. Also, a significant decrease in levels of protein C and S was observed in patients with sickle cell homozygous or double heterozygous S ß Thalassemia compared to controls. As against, for antithrombin no difference was observed between patients and controls. These hemostasis abnormalities therefore reflect the existence of a pro thrombotic state in sickle cell disease that can explain the increase of incidence of thrombosis in this pathology. Factor VIII clotting consistently high in SCD may well be a prime therapeutic target in the treatment of thrombotic manifestations of this disease.
