[Gastric cancer: epidemiologic profile 2001-2007 in Lima, Peru]. / Cancer gastrico: perfil epidemiológico 2001-2007 en Lima, Peru.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the demographic and social characteristics as well as lifestyles of patients with gastric cancer against patients with other important gastric disorders, who attended at main reference health services in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Case control study, matched by sex and age + 2 years, applying a questionnaire to 96 cases with gastric cancer, and to 96 controls from September 2001 to November 2007. RESULTS: There were no significant differences about ethnicity; marital status; exposure to minerals, wood, and metal dusts; tobacco and alcohol; red meat consumption; salt addition; food temperature. 87, 5% of the control group had lesions in the gastric antrum, and 73% of cases group had a tubular adenocarcinoma (56%) in the gastric antrum. There was no family history of cancer in 85% patients of cases group and 59% of controls, (with significant difference). There were significant differences in low scholarship level of cases, as well as for their mothers and fathers (OR 3.75, 3.9, and 3.49 respectively), fruit or vegetables intake, milk or cheese consumption (minus of once a day) (OR 2, 3, 2, 57 and 2, 9 respectively), type of fuel for cooking (firewood, charcoal, and kerosene OR 5, 25), lack of use of refrigerator (OR 8, 4). CONCLUSIONS: The profile of a gastric cancer patient was to proceed from the Andean zone (high altitude +3000 meters over sea level) and jungle, low education level (low socioeconomic level), low consumption of fruits, vegetables and milk, use of firewood, charcoal, or kerosene to cook, and no use of refrigerator. The most frequent histological diagnosis in the case group was tubular adenocarcinoma.

Cancer gástrico: perfil epidemiológico 2001-2007 en lima, Perú / Gastric cancer: epidemiological profile 2001-2007 in lima, Peru

OBJETIVO: Describir y comparar las características socio-demográficas y los estilos de vida de pacientes con cáncer gástrico versus un grupo control con otros desórdenes gástricos importantes, en centros de salud de referencia en Lima, Perú. METODOS: Estudio caso-control pareado por sexo y edad +2 años. Tiempo: Setiembre 2001 a noviembre 2007. Encuesta a 96 casos con cáncer gástrico y a 96 controles. RESULTADOS: No hubo diferencias significativas en raza, estado conyugal, exposición a polvo de minerales, polvo de madera o de metales; consumo de alcohol, tabaco, carnes rojas, agregar sal a los alimentos, o temperatura elevada de los mismos. Se identificó lesión en el antro gástrico en 87,5% de los controles y 73% de los casos, siendo el adenocarcinoma tubular el tipo histológico más frecuente entre los casos (56%). No hubo antecedente familiar de cáncer en 85% de los casos y 59% de los controles, con diferencia significativa. En los casos se encontró baja escolaridad en las madres y padres de los casos en los casos (OR 3,9, 3,49 y 3,75, respectivamente), también en el consumo de frutas o vegetales, leche y queso en menos de una vez por día (OR 2,3, 2,57 y 2, 9 respectivamente), así mismo en el tipo de combustible para cocinar (leña, carbón o kerosene OR 5,25) y no usar refrigerador para la conservación de alimentos (OR 8,4). CONCLUSIONES: El perfil de un paciente con cáncer gástrico fue proceder de la sierra (+ 3000 msnm) y selva; condición socioeconómica baja (baja educación); bajo consumo de frutas, vegetales y leche; así como el uso de leña, carbón o kerosene para cocinar y falta de refrigerador para la conservación de los alimentos. El principal diagnóstico histológico entre los casos fue el adenocarcinoma tubular.

OBJECTIVE: To Describe and compare the demographic and social characteristics as well as lifestyles of patients with gastric cancer against patients with other important gastric disorders, who attended at main reference health services in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Case control study, matched by sex and age + 2 years, applying a questionnaire to 96 cases with gastric cancer, and to 96 controls from September 2001 to November 2007. RESULTS: There were no significant differences about ethnicity; marital status; exposure to minerals, wood, and metal dusts; tobacco and alcohol; red meat consumption; salt addition; food temperature. 87, 5% of the control group had lesions in the gastric antrum, and 73% of cases group had a tubular adenocarcinoma (56%) in the gastric antrum. There was no family history of cancer in 85% patients of cases group and 59% of controls, (with significant difference). There were significant differences in low scholarship level of cases, as well as for their mothers and fathers (OR 3.75, 3.9, and 3.49 respectively), fruit or vegetables intake, milk or cheese consumption (minus of once a day) (OR 2, 3, 2, 57 and 2, 9 respectively), type of fuel for cooking (firewood, charcoal, and kerosene OR 5, 25), lack of use of refrigerator (OR 8, 4). CONCLUSIONS: The profile of a gastric cancer patient was to proceed from the Andean zone (high altitude +3000 meters over sea level) and jungle, low education level (low socioeconomic level), low consumption of fruits, vegetables and milk, use of firewood, charcoal, or kerosene to cook, and no use of refrigerator. The most frequent histological diagnosis in the case group was tubular adenocarcinoma.

[Sexual relations and the perception of risk of acquiring STD/AIDS among young adult men in Lima, Peru]. / Las relaciones coitales y la percepción de riesgo de adquirir ETS/SIDA en adultos jóvenes varones de Lima, Perú

The purpose of this study was to identify men's co-responsibility in the negotiation process of dual protection, according gender, in their first and most recent sexual relationships, and their perception of the risk of STD/AIDS. We surveyed 750 males from 19 to 29 years of age in 2,250 randomly selected households in metropolitan Lima, Peru. The majority mentioned condoms as a contraceptive technique (95%). Their first sexual relationships occurred with a female friend, with a stable partner, or with a known woman. Almost half used some type of protection, principally condoms in order to avoid pregnancy, but their consistent and correct use was low. For 39.5%, the most recent sexual relationship was with a stable partner, a female friend or "known" woman, a wife, or a female co-resident. Dialogue about protection increased between the first and the most recent sexual relationships. The perception of risk of acquiring STD/AIDS was low, and they tended to use protection only with an "unknown partner".

Las relaciones coitales y la percepción de riesgo de adquirir ETS/SIDA en adultos jóvenes varones de Lima, Perú / Sexual relations and the perception of risk of acquiring STD/AIDS among young adult men in Lima, Peru

Para identificar la corresponsabilidad de los varones en el proceso de negociación de protección dual, según género en la primera y última relación sexual, y su percepción de riesgo de ETS/SIDA, se encuestó a 750 varones de 19-29 años en 2.250 viviendas de Lima Metropolitana, Perú, 2001, seleccionados aleatoriamente. La mayoría señaló principalmente el condón como una forma para evitar el embarazo (95 por ciento). La primera relación coital fue con la amiga, su pareja estable o una conocida. Casi la mitad de ellos hizo algo para cuidarse, principalmente usó condón para evitar un embarazo, pero su uso consistente y correcto son bajos. El 39,5 por ciento tuvo su última relación coital con su pareja estable con quien no vive, con amiga o "conocida", la esposa o conviviente. El diálogo sobre protegerse se incrementa entre la primera y la última relación coital. Su percepción del riesgo de adquirir ETS/SIDA es baja y se protegen sólo con parejas "desconocidas".