Moderating Role of Physical Fitness in the Association Between TV Time and Adiposity Parameters in Adolescents.

PURPOSE: To identify whether physical fitness (PF) components play a moderating role in the relationship between TV time and adiposity levels. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Few studies have examined if different PF levels modify the association between TV time and adiposity in adolescents. Studies often focus on the isolated relationships between obesity and TV time, or obesity and PF levels. SUBJECTS: 1071 adolescents (617 girls), aged 12 to 17 years. MEASURES: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), abdominal muscular endurance, and lower limb strength were evaluated using the protocols of the Projeto Esporte Brasil fitness testing battery. TV time was obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were also assessed. Moderation analyses were conducted through multiple linear regression models with the following associations tested in different models: PF components, TV time, and interaction (PF component x TV time) with adiposity parameters (BMI and WC). RESULTS: A significant interaction term was found for CRF and TV time in the association with both WC (ß: -.005; 95% CI: -.009; -.001; P = .012) and BMI (ß: -.002; 95% CI: -.004; -.001; P = .009). CONCLUSION: CRF moderates the relationship between TV time and adiposity measures in this cross-sectional analysis. These data support strategies looking at increasing physical activity levels to improve CRF and avoid the development of excess abdominal obesity and excess weight.

Combination of sleep duration, TV time and body mass index is associated with cardiometabolic risk moderated by age in youth.

OBJECTIVES: The combination of sleep duration, television (TV) time and body mass index (BMI) may be related to the alteration of cardiometabolic risk. However, there are few studies that use these variables grouped, and showing the moderating role of age. This study aimed to verify if the combination of sleep duration, TV time and BMI is associated with cardiometabolic risk and the moderating role of age in this relationship in youth. METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted with 1411 adolescents (611 male), aged 10-17 years. Sleep duration, TV time and BMI were assessed and grouped into eight categories. Cardiometabolic risk was assessed by a continuous metabolic risk score, including the following variables: low HDL-cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, dysglycemia, high systolic blood pressure, high waist circumference and low cardiorespiratory fitness. Generalized linear models were used to test moderation of age in the relationship between the eight categories of sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk. RESULTS: Cardiometabolic risk factor showed association with all overweight or obesity independent of sleep time and TV time. Age moderated the relationship between sleep duration/television time/BMI with cardiometabolic risk. This association was stronger in younger adolescents (11 and 13 years), indicating that individuals with inadequate sleep, prolonged TV time and overweight/obesity present higher cardiometabolic risk values when compared to 15-year-old adolescents. CONCLUSION: Overweight/obesity, independently of sleep duration and TV time, is the main risk factor for cardiometabolic disorders in adolescence. When moderated by age, younger adolescents that presented the combination of risk factors had higher cardiometabolic risk.

Physical fitness as a moderator in the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to verify the moderator role of physical fitness in the relationship between adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in normal weight and overweight/obese children and adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study comprising 2482 children and adolescents, aged 7-17 years. Physical fitness was evaluated according the procedures of Projeto Esporte Brazil, and waist circumference (WC) with an inelastic tape. Cardiometabolic risk score was defined by the z-score sum of glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Moderation analysis was done through linear regression models. RESULTS: Significant interaction term for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF)×WC with cardiometabolic risk factors (P<0.001), as well as for lower limbs strength (LLS)×WC (P<0.001) and agility × WC (P=0.01) in normal weight girls. For normal weight boys it was found a significant interaction term for CRF×WC with cardiometabolic risk factor (P=0.007), and also for agility × WC (P=0.003), while overweight/obese boys showed a significant interaction term only for agility × WC with cardiometabolic risk factor (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CRF, LLS and agility are moderators in the relationship between WC and cardiometabolic risk factors in normal weight girls, while CRF and agility were moderators for normal weight boys and only agility for overweight/obese boys.

Relação entre indicadores antropométricos, aptidão cardiorrespiratória e perfil hematológico de adolescentes no sul do Brasil / Relationship between anthropometric indicators, cardiorespiratory fitness and hematological profile of adolescents

A obesidade pode influenciar no baixo desempenho da aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR), bem como colaborar com alterações nos níveis de indicadores hematológicos. Objetivo: Verificar se existe associação entre indicadores antropométricos, APCR e perfil hematológico de adolescentes no sul do Brasil. Método: Estudo transversal, em que foram avaliados 1 6 98 ado lescentes (742 do sexo masculino) com idade entre 10 e 17 anos, de escolas da rede pública e particular de Santa Cruz do Sul-RS. A avaliação antropométrica foi realizada, utilizando-se os seguintes parâmetros: IMC e circunferência da cintura (CC). Para o teste de APCR, foi utilizado o test e de co rrida/cam inha do s 6 minutos. Para reconhecimento do perfil hematológico, foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: leucócitos (WBC), eritrócitos (RBC), hemoglobina (HBC), hematócrito (HCT) e amplitude de distribuição dos glóbulos vermelhos (RDW). A associação entre as variáveis contínuas foi testada por meio da correlação de Pearson. Foram considerados significativos os valores de p<0,05. Resultados: Nos meninos, identificou-se relação fraca entre IMC com RBC (r=0,293; p<0,001) e com HCT (r=0,271; p <0,001 ). A CC também demonstrou associação fraca com estas duas variáveis hematológicas (RBC: r=0,311; p<0,001; HCT: r=0,291; p<0,001). Os níveis de APCR estiveram associados, também de fo rma fraca e direta, com HBC (r=0,224; p<0,001) e HCT (r=0,258; p<0,001). Para o sexo feminino, os níveis de W BC associaram-se, de forma fraca, com IMC (r=0,208; p<0,001) e com CC (r=0,185; <0,001). Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo evidenciam correlação positiva, porém fraca, entre o perfil hematológico dos adolescentes com as variáveis antropométricas e APCR...(AU)

Obesity might cause cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to underperform, as well as collaborate with changes in hematological parameters. Aim: To investigate the asso ciation between anthropometric indicators, CRF, and the hematological profiles of adolescents in Southern Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional study of 1,698 adolescents (742 boys, 956 girls), aged between 10 and 17 from p ublic and private schools of Santa Cruz do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul, was conducted. Furt h ermore, an anthropometric evaluation of the following parameters was performed: body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). CRF was evaluated using the 6-minute run/walk test. Hematolo gical p rofile was evaluated based on the following parameters: leucocytes (WBC), erythrocytes (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), and red cell distribution width (RDW). The association of continuo us v ariables was tested through Pearson's correlation; p values lower than 0.05 were considered significant. Result s: The boys' BMI presented a weak correlation with RBC (r = 0.293; p < 0.001) and HCT (r = 0.271; p < 0.001). Their WC also presented a weak correlation with both hematological variables (RBC: r = 0.311; p < 0.001; HCT: r = 0.291; p < 0.001). Their CRF levels exhibited a direct but weak asso ciatio n wit h HGB (r = 0.224; p < 0.001) and HCT (r = 0.258; p < 0.001). The WBC levels of girls were fo un d t o be weak ly associated with BMI (r = 0.208; p < 0.001) and WC (r = 0.185; p < 0 .0 01 ). Co nclusio n: Th e result s highlight a positively weak correlation of the hematological profile of adolescents with an throp ometric variables and CRF...(AU)

Hyperuricemia is associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness levels and excess weight in schoolchildren / Hiperuricemia está associada com baixos níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória e excesso de peso em escolares

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the possible association between hyperuricemia and cardiorespiratory fitness levels/nutritional profile, grouped into a single variable, in schoolchildren. Method: Cross-sectional study of 2335 students from Elementary schools, aged 7-17 years of both genders, stratified by conglomerates of a municipality in Southern Brazil. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed by the 6-minute run/walk test. The BMI and CRF were grouped into a single variable, considering: (1) low and normal weight/fit; (2) low and normal weight/unfit; (3) overweight-obesity/fit; (4) overweight-obesity/unfit. The Poisson regression (prevalence ratio, PR) was used for the association between hyperuricemia and BMI/CRF ratio with 95% confidence intervals and differences were considered significant when p < 0.05. Results: There is an association, although subtle, between the presence of hyperuricemia with low levels of CRF and the presence of excess weight, when grouped into a single variable. Boys and girls with this condition have higher prevalence of hyperuricemia (PR: 1.07; p = 0.007 for boys; PR: 1.10; p < 0.001 for girls). Conclusion: Together, excess weight and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with the presence of hyperuricemia in schoolchildren.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a possível relação entre hiperuricemia com aptidão cardiorrespiratória e o estado nutricional, agrupados, em escolares. Método: Estudo transversal com 2.335 escolares da educação básica de 7 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos, estratificados por conglomerados de um munícipio do sul do Brasil. Foi calculado o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (APCR) foi avaliada pelo teste de corrida/caminhada de 6 minutos. O IMC e a APCR foram agrupados em uma única variável, considerando: 1) baixo peso-normal/apto; 2) baixo peso-normal/inapto; 3) sobrepeso-obesidade/apto; 4) sobrepeso-obesidade/inapto. A regressão de Poisson (razão de prevalência; RP) foi usada para associação entre hiperuricemia e a relação APCR/IMC com intervalos de confiança de 95% e diferenças significativas consideradas para p < 0,05. Resultados: Observa-se associação, embora sutil, entre a presença de hiperuricemia com baixos níveis de APCR e a presença de excesso de peso, de forma agrupada. Meninos e meninas, com essa condição, têm maior prevalência de hiperuricemia (RP: 1,07; p = 0,007; RP: 1,10; p < 0,001, respectivamente), em comparação com seus pares com bons níveis de APCR e estado nutricional adequado. Conclusão: De forma conjunta, o excesso de peso e os baixos níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória estão associados com a presença de hiperuricemia em escolares.

Hyperuricemia is associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness levels and excess weight in schoolchildren.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible association between hyperuricemia and cardiorespiratory fitness levels/nutritional profile, grouped into a single variable, in schoolchildren. METHOD: Cross-sectional study of 2335 students from Elementary schools, aged 7-17 years of both genders, stratified by conglomerates of a municipality in Southern Brazil. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was assessed by the 6-minute run/walk test. The BMI and CRF were grouped into a single variable, considering: (1) low and normal weight/fit; (2) low and normal weight/unfit; (3) overweight-obesity/fit; (4) overweight-obesity/unfit. The Poisson regression (prevalence ratio, PR) was used for the association between hyperuricemia and BMI/CRF ratio with 95% confidence intervals and differences were considered significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: There is an association, although subtle, between the presence of hyperuricemia with low levels of CRF and the presence of excess weight, when grouped into a single variable. Boys and girls with this condition have higher prevalence of hyperuricemia (PR: 1.07; p=0.007 for boys; PR: 1.10; p<0.001 for girls). CONCLUSION: Together, excess weight and low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with the presence of hyperuricemia in schoolchildren.