[Cholelithiasis in young individuals]. / Colelitíase no jovem.

It is presented a retrospective study of 20 patients under 30 years of age that underwent surgery for cholelithiasis in the "Hospital Ipiranga-INAMPS", São Paulo, from 1987 to 1990. The incidence in this group was 6.8% with sex distribution higher in the female. Only one patient had associated hemolytic disease (5%). The clinical findings were not different in this population and the diagnosis prior to surgery was possible in all cases. The high incidence found for acute cholecystitis (45%) and calculi migration (20%) should emphasize the importance of diagnostic and therapeutic approach in the young patient.

[Prevention of infection in closure surgery in colostomies. Double-blind study with tinidazole]. / Profilaxia das infecções na cirurgia de fechamento de colostomia. Estudo duplo-cego com tinidazol.

A comparative double-blind study of tinidazole vs placebo was conducted in order to assess the prophylaxis of post-surgical abdominal infections in 40 patients undergoing closure colostomy surgery. During three days the patients were kept on a low residue diet, and underwent a colon mechanical cleansing. About 10 to 12 hours prior to surgery the patients were given placebo or tinidazole in tablets of identical appearance; the dose of tinidazole was of 2 g (4 tablets) in a single oral dose. Evaluation performed after surgery showed that in the tinidazole group occurred two surgical mild infections (10%), while in placebo group occurred nine infections (45%)--four of them severe and one very severe, showing a significative difference between the two groups (p less than 0.05). In placebo group 21 bacteria were isolated, 3 of them were anaerobic; only two aerobic species were identified in the tinidazole group (p less than 0.001). No adverse reactions were reported in both groups. The authors concluded that in this study, tinidazole showed a prophylactic effect on post-surgical abdominal infections in patients who underwent closure colostomy surgery.