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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24531540

ABSTRACT

A new organic nonlinear optical hydrogen bonding complex salt of 3-carboxyl anilinium p-toluene sulfonate has been synthesized and highly transparent good quality single crystals of it were successfully grown employing slow solvent evaporation solution growth technique at ambient temperature. The (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra were recorded to establish the molecular structure. The single crystal XRD analysis carried out reveals that the title salt crystallizes in monoclinic crystal system with non-centrosymmetric P21 space group. The FT-IR spectrum was recorded to confirm the presence of various functional groups in the grown title crystal. The UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectrum was recorded to apprehend the suitability of the single crystal of the title salt for various optical and NLO applications. The TG/DTA thermal analysis was performed to establish the thermal stability of the crystal. The SHG activity in the grown crystal was identified employing the modified Kurtz-Perry powder test. The electronic charge distribution and reactivity of the molecules within the title complex was studied by HOMO and LUMO analysis and the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of the title crystal was performed using the B3LYP method.


Subject(s)
Aniline Compounds/chemistry , Benzenesulfonates/chemistry , Benzenesulfonates/chemical synthesis , Nonlinear Dynamics , Crystallization , Crystallography, X-Ray , Differential Thermal Analysis , Hydrogen Bonding , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Static Electricity , Thermogravimetry
2.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc ; 117: 259-63, 2014 Jan 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23995602

ABSTRACT

An organic intermolecular charge transfer complex salt of 8-Hydroxy quinolinium 4-nitrobenzoate 4-nitrobenzoic acid (OPNB) has been synthesized. Single crystals of OPNB were grown by slow solvent evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra were recorded to confirm the molecular structure of the complex salt. The crystal structure of OPNB has been determined by single crystal XRD analysis and it belongs to triclinic crystal system with space group P-1. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral study has been carried out to identify the various functional groups present. The UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectrum was recorded in the range 200-2500nm, to find the suitability of the single crystal for various optical applications. The thermal stability of the crystal was investigated using thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA).


Subject(s)
Nitrobenzoates/chemistry , Oxyquinoline/chemistry , Crystallization , Crystallography, X-Ray , Differential Thermal Analysis , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Models, Chemical , Molecular Structure , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Temperature , X-Ray Diffraction
3.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc ; 122: 436-40, 2014 Mar 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24322759

ABSTRACT

A new organic intermolecular charge transfer complex 3-nitroaniline 4-methyl benzene sulfonate (NATS) has been successfully synthesized and good optical quality single crystals grown by slow solvent evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature using methanol as the solvent. The (1)H and (13)C NMR spectra were recorded to establish the molecular structure of the title complex. The crystal structure of NATS has been determined by single crystal XRD analysis and it belongs to orthorhombic crystal system with space group Pbca. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectral study has been carried out to confirm the presence of various functional groups present in the complex. Electronic absorption spectrum was recorded to find the prevalent charge transfer activity in the complex. The UV-Vis-NIR transmission spectrum was recorded in the range 200-2500 nm, to find the optical transmittance window and lower cut off wavelength of the title crystal. The thermal stability of the title complex crystal was studied by using thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analyses and found that the compound is stable up to 215 °C.


Subject(s)
Aniline Compounds/chemistry , Benzene/chemistry , Sulfonic Acids/chemistry , Aniline Compounds/chemical synthesis , Benzene/chemical synthesis , Crystallization , Crystallography, X-Ray , Differential Thermal Analysis , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Models, Molecular , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Sulfonic Acids/chemical synthesis , Thermogravimetry
4.
Trop Gastroenterol ; 33(1): 51-4, 2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22803296

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND DATA: Reduction in cellular elements of blood, secondary to hypersplenism is an established component of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Prior transfusion of blood or blood components is frequently required for safe surgical intervention. Due to thrombocytopenia, epidural catheter insertion for effective and durable analgesia is not possible. The aim of the present study was to objectively demonstrate the gain in blood components following early ligation of splenic artery for splenectomy in shunt surgery. METHODS: From Jan 2008 to July 2010, 30 patients underwent elective proximal spleno renal shunt for portal hypertension, for various indications and were analyzed prospectively. We followed the standard protocol of ligating the splenic artery in situ, first in the lesser sac. Proximal spleno shunt was done. After the surgical procedure and before extubation, an epidural catheter was placed for effective and durable analgesia. 5ml of venous blood was drawn in the following order of sequence: prior to induction of anesthesia, immediately after the ligation of splenic artery, 30 minutes after ligation of splenic artery and 30 minutes after splenectomy. Samples were sent for complete hemogram and values were analyzed in respective order. Patients requiring transfusion of blood or blood components during surgery were excluded from the study. RESULTS: 30 patients (M - 9, F- 21) with mean age of 29.4 years (11-60 years) were analyzed (NCPF- 20, EHPVO- 9, cirrhosis- 1). We objectively demonstrated a significant gain in RBCs (p = 0.016) and platelets (p = 0.000) using this standard protocol. As there were no intrinsic abnormalities in RBCs, red blood cell indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) showed no changes as expected (p-0.9). CONCLUSION: By following this standard protocol, in addition to reduction in blood loss there was a significant gain in RBCs and platelets. This gain allows the surgeon to perform the surgical procedure safely and the anesthetist to secure an epidural catheter immediately after surgery for effective and durable analgesia without prior transfusion.


Subject(s)
Hypertension, Portal/blood , Hypertension, Portal/surgery , Splenectomy , Splenic Artery/surgery , Splenorenal Shunt, Surgical , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Cell Count , Child , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Ligation , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult
5.
Mutat Res ; 606(1-2): 85-91, 2006 Jul 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16697249

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on the cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced chromosomal aberrations (CA) and apoptosis in the bone marrow of rats. Male Wistar rats of 140+/-20 g were categorized into eight groups. Five groups were administered CP (40 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) to induce toxicity; four of these groups received a single intraperitoneal injection of LA at a dose of either 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight, and either 30 or 60 min prior to CP administration. A vehicle-treated control group and LA control groups were also included. Twenty-four hours after CP treatment, the frequency of CA in bone marrow cells were significantly increased in comparison with the controls. The CP-induced CA were associated with significant increase in DNA damage in the bone marrow as evidenced by increased single strand breaks, whereas in rats treated with LA and CP, the frequency of CA and single strand breaks were significantly decreased in comparison to those given CP alone. CP administration distinctly triggered the apoptotic and necrotic cell death, and LA pretreatment affected cell death by decreasing the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells. The protective effect of LA was found to be stronger at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight than 100 mg/kg body weight dosage, indicating the dose dependent protective effect of LA. However, the protection by LA was not dependent on the time intervals between LA and CP administration. The results of this study illustrate the protective effect of LA on the CA and apoptosis induced by CP in the erythropoietic system of rats.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology , Thioctic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Chromosomes, Mammalian/drug effects , DNA/drug effects , Flow Cytometry , Male , Necrosis , Rats , Rats, Wistar
6.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16730236

ABSTRACT

Aflatoxins are potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic agents. Reactive oxygen species and consequent peroxidative damage caused by aflatoxin are considered to be the main mechanisms leading to hepatotoxicity. The present investigation aims at assessing the hepatoprotective effect of lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from the stem bark of Crataeva nurvala, on aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1))-induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model. The hepatoprotection of lupeol is compared with silymarin, a well known standard hepatoprotectant. Lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were found to be significantly increased in the serum and decreased in the liver of AFB(1) administered (1 mg/kg body mass, orally) rats, suggesting hepatic damage. Marked increase in the lipid peroxide levels and a concomitant decrease in the enzymic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione-S-transferase) and nonenzymic (reduced glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E) antioxidants in the hepatic tissue were observed in AFB(1) administered rats. Pretreatment with lupeol (100 mg/kg body mass, orally) and silymarin (100 mg/kg body mass, orally) for 7 days reverted the condition to near normalcy. Hepatoprotection by lupeol is further substantiated by the normal histologic findings as against degenerative changes in the AFB(1) administered rats. The results of this study indicate that lupeol is a potent hepatoprotectant as silymarin.


Subject(s)
Aflatoxin B1/toxicity , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Liver Diseases/prevention & control , Silymarin/pharmacology , Triterpenes/pharmacology , Animals , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Glutathione/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Liver/pathology , Liver Diseases/metabolism , Male , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Pentacyclic Triterpenes , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Vitamin E/metabolism
7.
Toxicology ; 222(3): 225-32, 2006 May 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16580770

ABSTRACT

Adriamycin (ADR), an anthracycline antibiotic, which is widely used as an antineoplastic drug in the treatment of various solid tumors, has been shown to induce genotoxicity in erythropoietic system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective efficacy of DL-alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on ADR-induced clastogenicity and apoptosis in the bone marrow of rats. The animals were randomly divided into eight groups consisting of six rats each. Five groups were administered ADR (20 mg/kg body weight, i.v.) to induce genotoxicity; four of these groups received a single intraperitoneal injection of LA at a dose of either 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight, and either 30 or 60 min prior to ADR administration. A vehicle treated control group and LA control groups were also included. The beneficial effects of LA were monitored by DNA strand breaks, chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus assay and apoptotic studies in the bone marrow cells of rats after 24 h following single dose of ADR treatment. ADR treatment caused significant clastogenicity and apoptosis in rat bone marrow cells. The treatment with LA showed significant reduction in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations, DNA strand breaks and apoptosis in bone marrow cells as well as decreased the micronuclei formation in bone marrow and peripheral blood of rats treated with ADR. The protective effect of LA was found to be stronger at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight than 100 mg/kg body weight dosage with respect to the above results, indicating the dose dependent effect of LA. However, the protection by LA was not dependent on the time intervals between LA and ADR administration. The results of this study illustrate the protective effect of LA on ADR-induced clastogenicity and apoptosis in the erythropoietic system of rats.


Subject(s)
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/toxicity , Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Chromosome Aberrations/drug effects , Doxorubicin/toxicity , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Thioctic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Chromosome Aberrations/chemically induced , DNA Damage/drug effects , Male , Micronucleus Tests , Rats , Rats, Wistar
8.
Hum Exp Toxicol ; 24(6): 313-8, 2005 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16004198

ABSTRACT

Cyclophosphamide (CP), an alkylating agent widely used in cancer chemotherapy, causes fatal cardiotoxicity. In the present study, lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpene, isolated from Crataeva nurvala stem bark and its ester, lupeol linoleate were investigated for their possible cardioprotective effects against CP-induced toxicity. Male albino rats of Wistar strain were injected with a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg body weight, ip). In CP-administered rats, activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase were elevated in serum with a concomitant decline in their activities in the cardiac tissue. Significant increases (P<0.001) in the levels of lipid peroxides and a decrease (P<0.001) in the levels of enzymic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione-s-transferase) and nonenzymic (reduced glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E) antioxidants in the heart were also observed. The cardioprotective effects of lupeol (50 mg/kg body weight for 10 days orally) and its ester, lupeol linoleate (50 mg/kg body weight for 10 days orally) were evident from the significant reversal of the above alterations induced by CP. These observations highlight the antioxidant property of triterpenes and their cytoprotective action against CP-induced cardiotoxicity.


Subject(s)
Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Triterpenes/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Capparaceae/chemistry , Cardiotonic Agents/administration & dosage , Cardiotonic Agents/isolation & purification , Catalase/metabolism , Creatine Kinase/blood , Cytosol/drug effects , Cytosol/enzymology , Esters , Glutathione/metabolism , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/administration & dosage , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/isolation & purification , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/pharmacology , Injections, Intraperitoneal , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Mutagens/toxicity , Myocardium/enzymology , Plant Bark/chemistry , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Triterpenes/administration & dosage , Triterpenes/isolation & purification
9.
Chem Biol Interact ; 151(1): 13-9, 2004 Dec 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15607758

ABSTRACT

Cyclophosphamide (CP), one of the most widely prescribed antineoplastic drugs could cause a lethal cardiotoxicity. The present study is aimed at evaluating the role of DL-alpha-lipoic acid (LA) in oxidative cardiac damage induced by CP. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four treatment groups. Two groups received single intraperitoneal injection of CP (200 mg/kg BW) to induce cardiotoxicity, one of these groups received LA treatment (25 mg/kg BW for 10 days). A vehicle treated control group and a LA drug control were also included. Cardiotoxicity, evident from increased activities of serum creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase in CP administered rats, was reversed by LA treatment. CP administered rats showed abnormal levels of enzymic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase) and non-enzymic antioxidants (glutathione, vitamin C and vitamin E) along with high malondialdehyde levels. However, normalized lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defenses were reported in the LA treated rats. These findings highlight the efficacy of LA as a cytoprotectant in CP induced cardiotoxicity.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/toxicity , Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Heart/drug effects , Oxidative Stress , Thioctic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Lipid Peroxidation , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
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