ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a virtual hackathon in fostering interdisciplinary working amongst undergraduate students in global surgery. Methodology: In this study, we developed a 3 day event consisting of guest lectures, a documentary screening and a hackathon supported by academics and experts in the field, to provide students with the opportunity to learn more about and work in interdisciplinary teams within global surgery. Students had the option to attend just the lectures or both the lectures and hackathon. Quantitative and qualitative results were collected through a pre and post session survey. Results: A total of 21 responses were received for the hackathon and 26 responses for the general event (response rate for event = 26 %, response rate for hackathon = 24.7 %). There was a significant improvement in understanding of interdisciplinary working in global surgery between the pre and post-session survey, with an increase in median from 3 (IQR = 2-3.5, n = 21) to 4 (IQR = 4-5, n = 21) (p < 0.05). Respondents noted that the benefits of a hackathon were that it was very engaging, and brought in diversity of thought and expertise. The drawbacks to the hackathon were that it was fast-paced, required prior knowledge and the virtual platform it was hosted on. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that hackathons are an effective, inclusive and equitable way for students to engage in and learn about interdisciplinary working. It is important that as institutions recognise and develop global surgery courses, these courses reflect the interdisciplinary nature of the field.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Approximately 75% of people with pancreatic cancer experience pain, and >50% of them have cachexia (weakness and wasting of the body). However, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the management of these distressing symptoms. OBJECTIVE: Our primary objectives are to compare the relative benefits and harms of different interventions for pain in people with unresectable pancreatic cancer and for prevention and treatment of cachexia due to pancreatic cancer, through systematic reviews and network meta-analysis. Our secondary objectives are to develop an evidence-based clinical care pathway to manage pain and prevent and treat cachexia in people with pancreatic cancer through surveys and focus groups involving patients, carers, and health care professionals. METHODS: We will perform 2 systematic reviews of the literature related to pain and cachexia in people with pancreatic cancer using searches from Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index, and trial registries. Two researchers will independently screen for eligibility and identify randomized controlled trials (no language or publication status restriction), comparing interventions for pain or cachexia based on full-texts for articles shortlisted during screening. We will assess risk of bias in the trials using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (version 2.0) and obtain data related to baseline prognostic characteristics, potential effect modifiers and outcome data related to overall survival, health-related quality of life, treatment-related complications, and resource utilisation. We aim to conduct network meta-analysis on outcomes with multiple treatment comparisons where possible, otherwise, meta-analysis with direct comparisons, or narrative synthesis. We will perform various subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Using information obtained from both systematic reviews, we will conduct 2 surveys: one directed to patients or carers to assess acceptability of interventions, and the other to health care professionals to assess feasibility of delivery in the National Health Service. Four mixed focus groups will be conducted to evaluate findings and foster consensus in the development of the care pathway. RESULTS: Funding was awarded from April 2022 (NIHR202727). Both systematic review protocols were prospectively registered on PROSPERO in May 2022. Formal searches began thereafter. Approval by the University College London Research Ethics Committee (23563/001) was received in December 2022. Data collection began in January 2023; data analysis will begin in May 2023 (completion expected by October 2023). CONCLUSIONS: This study will comprehensively encompass major interventions for management of pain in people with unresectable pancreatic cancer, and prevention and treatment of cachexia in people with pancreatic cancer. Key stakeholders will facilitate the development of an evidence-based care pathway, ensuring both acceptability and feasibility. The project ends in April 2024 and published results are expected within 12 months of completion. We aim to present the findings through patient group websites, conferences, and publications, irrespective of the findings, in a peer-reviewed journal. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/46335.
