ABSTRACT
AIM: Study the effect of antibacterial preparations on biofilms of Vibrio cholerae El Tor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sensitivity of V cholerae El Tor (6 strains) to various concentrations of antibacterial preparations (doxycycline,.tetracycline, levomycetin, rifampicin, gentamycin, ceftazidime) was determined (MD 4.2.2495-09). Transmission electron microscopy was used for visualization of the effect of preparations on biofilms. RESULTS: The values of minimal inhibiting concentrations of antibacterial preparations against biofilms have increased by 5 - 100 times compared with plankton cultures. Certain smoothing of strands between the bacterial cell and substrate, alteration of vibrios' form, reduction of electron density of the matrix with an increase of its transparency were observed during electron-microscopy of the effect of antibacterial preparations on the biofilm. CONCLUSION: Study of the effect of antibacterial preparations on biofilms could increase effectiveness of rational antibiotics therapy of infec- tions by selection of preparations that disrupt functioning of microbial communities.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Biofilms/drug effects , Biofilms/growth & development , Vibrio cholerae/physiology , Vibrio cholerae/ultrastructure , HumansABSTRACT
AIM: Study the composition of plant extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography. (HPLC) and evaluation of their antimicrobial effect against Vibrio cholerae El Tor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Qualitative and quantitative composition of plant extracts was studied using HPLC. Determination of sensitivity of microorganisms to plant extracts was carried out by diffusion into agar method and serial dilutions method. RESULTS: Antibacterial effect of water, water-alcohol and acetone extracts of roots of Limonium gmelinii L., Berberis vulgaris L. and Glycyrrhiza glabra L. was studied. The most effective methods of extraction of biologically active substances, possessing antimicrobial effect against various strains of V. cholerae El Tor, were determined. CONCLUSION: The use of HPLC allowed to establish the presence of catechines, alkaloids protoberberines and glycyrrhizic acid in xtracts, possessing antimicrobial effect against V. cholera El Tor strains.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Berberine Alkaloids/chemistry , Catechols/chemistry , Glycyrrhizic Acid/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Vibrio cholerae/drug effects , Acetone/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Berberine Alkaloids/isolation & purification , Berberine Alkaloids/pharmacology , Berberis/chemistry , Catechols/isolation & purification , Catechols/pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Ethanol/chemistry , Glycyrrhiza/chemistry , Glycyrrhizic Acid/isolation & purification , Glycyrrhizic Acid/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plumbaginaceae/chemistry , Solvents/chemistry , Vibrio cholerae/growth & development , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
AIM: Comparative study of antibiotics resistance and VNTR-typing of Vibrio cholerae non O1/ non O139 strains, isolated on the territory of Rostov region in 2014. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antibioticogramms of strains were determined by serial dilution method in dense nutrient medium according to MG 4.2.2495-09 (2009). Pheno-, sero- and VNTR-typing was carried out by conventional-methods. RESULTS: The studied strains belonged to V. cholerae species, did not agglutinate with O1 and O139 sera, were atoxigenic hemolysis-positive, did not contain genes of cholera toxin and toxin-coregulating pili of adhesion, contained genes of hemagglutinin/protease, protease PrtV, collagenase, cytotonic factor Cef, outer membrane protein-OmpW, tol- and -vps-clusters, regulatory genes toxR and hapR. Antibioticogramms of the strains have shown the presence of cultures, resistant to ampicillin, ceftazidime-furazolidone, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole with intermediate resistance to streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamycin, amikacin, netilmicin, Approximately 20% of isolates had multiple drug resistance. Data of VNTR- and genotyping confirmed a possibility of water transmission route of the infection. CONCLUSION: Execution of monitoring of cultures from environmental samples is necessary for timely detection of genetic characteristics, antibiotics resistance.
Subject(s)
Cholera/epidemiology , Genes, Bacterial , Vibrio cholerae O139/genetics , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/genetics , Water Microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Cholera/drug therapy , Cholera/microbiology , Cholera/transmission , Cholera Toxin/genetics , Cholera Toxin/metabolism , Collagenases/genetics , Collagenases/metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Epidemiological Monitoring , Fimbriae, Bacterial , Gene Deletion , Humans , Immune Sera/chemistry , Metalloendopeptidases/genetics , Metalloendopeptidases/metabolism , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Peptide Hydrolases/genetics , Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism , Phylogeny , Russia/epidemiology , Serotyping , Transcription Factors/genetics , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Vibrio cholerae O139/classification , Vibrio cholerae O139/drug effects , Vibrio cholerae O139/isolation & purification , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/classification , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/drug effects , Vibrio cholerae non-O1/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Analysis of the antibioticograms of 22 strains of Vibrio cholerae non O1/non O139 serogroups (ctxA- tepA-) isolated from the environment in the Rostov Region in 2011 showed that all the cultures were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, aminoglycosides, ceftriaxone, trimetoprime/sulfamethoxazole and resistant to levomycetin and furazolidone. 32%, 18% and 9% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, rifampicin and nalidixic acid respectively. No strains of V. cholerae susceptible to all the tested antimicrobials were detected. 37% of the V. cholerae isolates was resistant to two antibacterials and the others showed multiple resistance and contained 3-6 r-determinants of antibiotic resistance. Since the antibiotic resistance genes in Vibrio cholerae non O1/non O139 serogroups are often located on mobile genetic elements (plasmids, interferons, SXT elements), many strains of such organisms, the same as the natural environment, could serve as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance. The presence of antibiotic resistance r-determinants in the investigated strains in various combinations, the antibiotic resistance variability in the isolates collected on the same territory within a relatively short period of time require monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility in them and the use of the antibiotic for the etiotropic therapy only in strict accordance with the antibioticogram of the culture isolated from the concrete patient.
