ITLN1, PPARg AND TNFa GENE EXPRESSION IN VISCERAL ADIPOSE TISSUE.

The adipose tissue is considered today as an endocrine organ in which tissue-specific regulation of gene expression plays a key role in the processes of development of obesity and comorbidities, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The present study is focused on ITLN1, PPARã and TNFá gene expression in intra-abdominal adipose tissue and its effect on the serum levels of omentin 1 and TNFa in individuals with different body mass. It has been shown that serum TNFa level is significantly higher in the subgroup of patients with overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) as compared to individuals with normal body weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2)( p < 0.03). We have demonstrated that the expression level of the PPARã gene is positively correlated with the ITLN1 gene expression level in the intra-abdominal adipose tissue (r = 0.516, p = 0.020). Serum level of omentin 1 positively correlates with PPARã mRNA and protein levels in intra-abdominal adipose tissue (r = 0.550, p < 0.05 and r = 0.581, p < 0.03, respectively). For the subgroup of patients with overweight and obesity, we have shown negative correlation of the level of TNFá mRNA with PPARã and ITLN1 mRNA levels was shown (r = ­0.549, p < 0.05 and r = ­0.475, p < 0.05, respectively). This study is the first to show a correlation relationship between PPARã gene expression level in the intra-abdominal adipose tissue and the expression and secretion levels of omentin 1.

[Regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene expression in the intraabdominal adipose tissue]. / Reguliatsiia ékspressii genov transporterov ABCA1 i ABCG1 v intraabdominal'noi zhirovoi tkani.

Tissue specific expression of genes encoding cholesterol transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 as well as genes encoding the most important transcriptional regulators of adipogenesis - LXRa, LXRb, PPARg and RORa has been investigated in intraabdominal adipose tissue (IAT) samples.A direct correlation between the content of ABCA1 and ABCG1 proteins with RORa protein level (r=0.480, p<0.05; r=0.435, p<0.05, respectively) suggests the role of the transcription factor RORa in the regulation of IAT ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein levels. ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene expression positively correlated with obesity indicators such as body mass index (BMI) (r=0.522, p=0.004; r=0.594, p=0.001, respectively) and waist circumference (r=0.403, p=0.033; r=0.474, p=0.013, respectively). The development of obesity is associated with decreased IAT levels of RORa and LXRb mRNA (p=0.016 and p=0.002, respectively). These data suggest that the nuclear factor RORa can play a significant role in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and control IAT expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1, while the level of IAT LXRb gene expression may be an important factor associated with the development of obesity.

[In vitro investigation of Ingavirin efficacy against influenza B virus].

The experimental investigation of Ingavirin activity against influenza B virus showed that in concentrations 100 and 200 mcg/ml it was efficient in inhibition of the virus reproduction: the cytopathic effect was lowered by 75%, the level of the pathogen accumulation in the MDCK cell culture was decreased by more than 2.0 lg and the formation of the virus specific hemagglutinin was inhibited by more than 90%.

[A biochemiluminescent analysis of the pharmacotherapeutic activity of acetylsalicylic acid in combination with quercetin in a hypoxic syndrome]. / Biokhemiliuminestsentnyi analiz farmakoterapevticheskoi aktivnosti atsetilsalitsilovoi kisloty v kombinatsii s kvertsetinom pri gipoksicheskom sindrome.

The effect of acetylsalicylic acid in combination with quercetin on blood serum biochemiluminescence in the hypoxic syndrome was studied. Possessing marked antioxidant activity, this drug combination prevented changes in the kinetics of blood serum luminescence in all periods of the investigation.

[Preservation of beta-carotene in beverage powders]. / Sokhrannost' beta-karotina v sukhikh smesiakh dlia napitkov.

The data on beta-carotene safety in dry beverage powders during their production and storage are presented. The 30% paste and oil solutions of beta-carotene produced by Ekaterinburg's plant of medicines and by Krasnodar's polytechnical institute were used for fortification of beverages by beta-carotene. For preparing of beverages granulated and powder mixes were used with or without addition of ionol as stabilizer. Dry powder were kept at room temperature during six months in different kinds of packing: laminated paper and foil. Beta-carotene in samples was analyzed by the method of liquid chromatography in hydrophobic inverted phase.

[The significance of the O antigen for the diagnosis of acute Sonne dysentery]. / Znachenie O-antigena dlia diagnostiki ostroi dizenterii Zonne.

The authors investigated the clinical importance of determination of the O-antigen in coprofiltrates of patients with acute Sonne dysentery by means of immunoenzymatic analysis. It was found that use of immunoenzymatic analysis is justified for etiological diagnosis of dysentery as well as with the purpose of forecasting recurrence of the disease.

[Pathogenetic mechanisms and therapy of a subclinical form of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome]. / O patogeneticheskikh mekhanizmakh i terapii stertoi formy sindromy Lesha--Nikhena.

The results of clinical, experimental psychological and biochemical studies of patients with a subclinical form of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome suggested a reduction of the inhibitory influence of the caudate nucleus due to incomplete genetic defect of Hg-PRTase and related disorders of other types of metabolism in the area of basal ganglia as one of the links of pathogenesis. The pathogenetic therapy is based on maintaining high activity of Hg-PRTase by dietary treatment with limited intake of exogenous purines.

[Effect of a purine-free diet on the purine phosphoribosyltransferase activity of erythrocytes in patients with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome]. / Vliianie bespurinovoi diety na aktivnost' purinfosforiboziltransferazéritrotsitov u bol'nykh s sindromom Lesha-Nikhana.

Activity of purine phosphoribosyl transferases was studied in 11 patients with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome before and within 1 or 3 months after beginning of the purine-free diet treatment. The enzymatic activity tended to normalization within 1 month after the dietary treatment but the ratio of the enzymes activity was deteriorated within the subsequent 3 months of treatment. A positive clinical effect of the purine-free diet was noted.

[Disorders of higher mental functions in children with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome]. / O narushenii vysshikh psikhicheskikh funktsii u detei s sindromom Lesha-Nikhana.

The authors analyzed higher psychic dysfunctions, the structure of intellectual impairments, the characteristics of the emotional-motivational sphere in four children with the classical and in 12 children with the psychopathological variant of hereditary purinosis. Disturbances of higher psychic functions are associated with damage to the profound portions and the limbic system of the brain. The described structure of higher mental functions along with the characteristic features of the emotional-motivational sphere may serve as sufficient clinical-psychopathological criteria for diagnosing Lesch-Nyhan's syndrome.

[Clinical characteristics of the psychopathological variant of hereditary purinosis]. / Klinicheskaia kharakteristika psikhopatologicheskogo varianta nasledstvennogo purinoza.

The authors describe the clinical picture of hereditary purinosis with predominantly psychopathological manifestations in 12 boys, aged 12-15 years, identified among slightly oligophrenic children on the basis of the psychopathological similarity with the classical Lesh-Nyhan syndrome and the determination of the activity of purine phosphoribosyl transferases in erythrocyte lysates. The authors believe that diagnostically significant in such cases is a specific complex of disorders at the instinctive-emotional, psychomotor and intellectual levels. They also claim that this variant of hereditary purinosis is more prevalent than the classical one.