[Epidemiologic situation and measures for prevention of infectious diseases in Sverdlovsk region in 2006-2007].

Materials characterizing the epidemiologic situation on most significant infectious diseases in Sverdlovsk region are presented. Experience on providing the epidemiologic welfare based on systematic surveillance for activity of various factors influencing the epidemic process is described.

[Organization of preventive and antiepidemic measures in conditions of massive outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in population of town Verkhnyaya Pyshma. Epidemiologist's work experience in ensuring biosafety].

Data on organization and carrying out of preventive and antiepidemic measures in hospital during mass hospitalization (> 190 cases) of patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila are presented. Experience of physicians-epidemiologists in determination of directions of work in hospital, procedures of interaction, extent and description of biosafety measures in order to prevent nosocomial spread of infection to patients and staff are described.

[The importance of the cytochemical diagnosis of the inflammatory process in the lungs for the treatment and rehabilitation of children with recurrent bronchitis]. / Znachenie tsitokhimicheskoi diagnostiki vospalitel'nogo protsessa v legkikh dlia lecheniia i reabilitatsii detei, bol'nykh retsidiviruiushchim bronkhitom.

It has been shown that common clinical and paraclinical methods of diagnosis of recurring bronchitis in children fail to detect subclinical activity of the inflammatory process in the lungs, which fact poses rather difficult problem of treatment and rehabilitation in such pediatric patient populations. Cytochemical diagnosis relying on values for activity of acid phosphatase and labilization of membranes of blood multinuclear leucocytes lysosomes permits overcoming the above difficulties, enhancing efficiency of the treatment.

[Changes in the immunity indices of children suffering from inflammatory lung diseases undergoing cold exposures]. / Izmenenie pokazatelei immuniteta u detei, stradaiushchikh vospalitel'nymi zabolevaniiami legkikh, pri kholodovykh vozdeistviiakh.

Cooling and heating the feet in children with pulmonary inflammatory diseases in remission improved immunity. Air baths in addition to stimulating immunity enhanced bactericidal potential of blood neutrophils. Cool and warm showers decreased this potential.

[Use of andekalin in treating diabetic microangiopathies]. / O primenenii andekalina pri lechenii diabeticheskikh mikroangiopatii.

A combined study of the state of the blood kinin, coagulation and fibrinolytic systems and microcirculation in the peripheral microvessels of 19 patients with diabetic microangiopathies has shown a diverse nature of disorders of kininogenesis (the enhancement or weakening of the process) and corresponding to it hypo- and hypertonic stages of changes of microcirculation in the microvessels of the eyeball and I toe nail matrix. Activation of blood coagulation, Phase I, revealed both in weakened and enhanced kininogenesis, was more noticeable in the phase of hypokininemia. The administration of andekalin at a single dose of 0.6 units per 1 kg of body mass against a background of sugar reducing therapy in both types of disorders of the activity of the kinin system was accompanied by an insignificant increase in the activity of plasma callicrein but resulted in a marked increase in the initially lowered kinin destroying blood enzymes. The improvement of some indices of microcirculation was noted but in patients with microangiopathies against a background of the weakening of kininogenesis. The administration of andekalin with an enhanced process resulted in some cases in the deterioration of the condition and development of perivascular edema. Insufficient therapeutic efficacy of commonly used doses of andekalin was determined by the presence of andekalin agents in commercial samples and admixtures of a considerable amount of kininases of tissue origin. Proceeding from the earlier experiments and ongoing clinical trials it was proposed that andekalin should be administered to patients with suppressed activity of the blood kinin system only at doses which would not practically contain kininases and would correspond to 0.004-0.005 units per 1 kg of body mass a day.

[Method for determining kallikrein of tissue origin in blood plasma and its clinical significance]. / Metod opredeleniia kallikreina tkanevogo proiskhozhdeniia v plazme krovi i ego znachenie dlia kliniki.

Based on a study of the kininogenase activity of the total plasma kallikrein in the presence of 3 concentrations of the soybean inhibitor trypsin (0.5, 1.0, 10.0 micrograms/ml) one can measure at a time the activity of tissue kallikrein (without specifying the source) and the activity of 3 forms of plasma kallikrein, including its adsorption on kaolin that characterizes the conformational structure of the enzyme. Examination of 10 healthy subjects and 136 patients revealed a 10 to 20-fold increase in the content of tissue kallikrein in plasma of 70% of diabetes mellitus patients and a 2.5 to 3-fold elevation in 50% of patients with chronic occupational bronchitis, and in 30% of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis. The method suggested makes it possible to have a better insight into the physiological and pathogenetic role of the kinin system and may be used for laboratory control over the treatment efficacy.