The effect of enamel fractures on oral health-related quality of life in adolescents.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Enamel fractures are the most common type of traumatic dental injury (TDI) in children and adolescents. Recognizing the impact of these fractures on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) could contribute to the establishment of treatment protocols. The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the impact of enamel fractures on overall OHRQoL and domain scores in adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 775 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years in the city of Santo Ângelo in southern Brazil. Sociodemographic variables were collected from parents/caregivers using a structured questionnaire. The adolescents answered the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14 ). Physical examinations were performed by an examiner who had undergone training and calibration exercises for the investigation of TDI (Andreasen criteria), dental caries (WHO criteria), and malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index). Data analysis involved Poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: The prevalence of TDI was 11.9% and enamel fractures accounted for 79.3% of all injuries. In the multivariate analysis, adolescents with enamel fractures had 29% higher CPQ11-14 scores (worse OHRQoL) than those without TDI, even after adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical variables (mean ratio = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.09-1.53; P = .003). Enamel fractures exerted a negative impact on the functional limitation, emotional well-being, and social well-being domains. CONCLUSIONS: Enamel fractures exert a negative impact on the OHRQoL of adolescents, suggesting that subjective measures should be incorporated in the evaluation of patients with this traumatic injury.

Avaliação da produção científica de um programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Odontologiacomo ferramenta de gestão / Evaluation of the scientific production of a stricto sensu post-graduation program in Dentistry as a management tool

Na universidade, o ambiente de produção, disseminação e socialização do conhecimento se consolida pela realização da pesquisa e publicação de seus resultados. O presente estudo transversal objetivou identificar o perfil das dissertações, teses e publicações em periódicos do Programa de Pós-graduação Stricto Sensu em Odontologia da Universidade Luterana do Brasil (PPGOdonto/ULBRA). Realizou- se uma análise bibliométrica quantitativa e descritiva no período de 1997-2016. Os dados, coletados por meio de formulário específico, consistiram em ano de defesa, especialidade e delineamento do estudo. Realizou-se uma busca na Plataforma Lattes e base de dados PubMed a fim de verificar as publicações em periódicos decorrentes dos trabalhos defendidos; e as publicações foram classificadas de acordo com os critérios Qualis. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Foram identificadas 284 dissertações de mestrado e 50 teses de doutorado defendidas no referido período. As áreas de Endodontia, Dentística e Prótese Dentária foram as especialidades com o maior número de defesas. Do total de dissertações e teses analisadas, 62% geraram publicações científicas, sendo 41% em periódicos de estratos Qualis A1 e A2, especialmente nas áreas de Endodontia, Periodontia e Odontopediatria. Em relação à metodologia utilizada nos estudos, 43,7% utilizaram delineamento experimental in vitro, seguido de estudos transversais (23,4%) e de estudos em modelo animal (11,1%). A autoavaliação dos programas de pós-graduação com foco na postura crítica em relação ao que está produzindo tem permitido a reorientação de linhas de pesquisa e da dinâmica de geração de conhecimento e inovações (AU).

At a university, the production, dissemination and socialization of knowledge are consolidated through research and the publication of results. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to identify the characteristics of dissertations, theses of the Stricto Sensu postgraduate program in dentistry of the Lutheran University of Brazil and subsequent publication in journals. For such, a descriptive, quantitative, bibliometric analysis was performed of the period from 1997 to 2016. The data were collected using a specific form addressing year of defense, specialty and study design. Searches were performed in the Lattes Platform and PubMed database to verify publications in journals of the articles stemming from the work defended. The publications were classified using the Qualis criteria and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 284 master's dissertations and 50 theses were defended in the period analyzed. The specialties with the largest number of defenses were endodontics, restorative dentistry and dental prosthetics. Among the total number of dissertations and theses analyzed, 62% generated scientific publications and 41% were published in journals with Qualis A1 and A2 ratings, especially those in the fields of endodontics, periodontics and pediatric dentistry. Regarding the methods, the largest portion used an in vitro experimental design (43.7%), followed by the cross-sectional design (23.4%) and studies involving animal models (11.1%). The self- evaluation of postgraduate programs with a focus on a critical stance with regards to what is being produced enables the reorientation of lines of research as well as the dynamics of knowledge generation and innovation (AU).

The effect of EDTA on the antibacterial activity of sodium hypochlorite.

The combination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been suggested as an irrigant for root canal therapy. However, the chemical interaction between these agents is a complex subject that is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of an EDTA chelating agent in the antibacterial ability of NaOCl, while also considering variations in methodology. Various concentrations of NaOCl and EDTA solutions were prepared from 6% and 17% solutions, respectively. The antibacterial potential of pure solutions and their combinations was assessed using a direct contact test against Enterococcus faecalis. In the first experiment, NaOCl and EDTA solutions were mixed 5 minutes before the addition of the E faecalis bacterial suspension. In the second experiment, both solutions were simultaneously put in contact with the bacterial suspension. Data were submitted to a Spearman correlation coefficient and chi-square test. Results indicated that growth of E faecalis was significantly dependent on the solution-mixing method. In the first experiment, high concentrations (17% and 8.5%) of EDTA prevented the complete killing of E faecalis by 6% NaOCl at all experimental timepoints. In the second experiment, all concentrations of NaOCl were able to eliminate E faecalis, even in the presence of EDTA. In conclusion, when NaOCl and EDTA were added simultaneously to a bacterial suspension without premixing, NaOCl was able to exert its full bactericidal action.

Traumatismos alveolodentários e fatores associados em crianças assistidas em um curso de Odontologia no sul do Brasil / Traumatic dental injuries and associated factors in children assisted in a school of Dentistry in Southern Brazil

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and investigate demographic and socioeconomic factors associated among children attending at School of Dentistry, Southern Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 374 children attending the Pediatric Clinic, from School of Dentistry at the Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Southern Brazil. Information from parents/caregivers on socioeconomic factors were obtained with an structured questionnaire. Children were clinically examined and TDI was recorded following Andreasen criteria. Poisson regression with robust variance was employed to determine factors associated with TDI. Results: A total of 15.0% of children exhibited TDI (95% CI 11.5-19.0%). The most common dental injuries involved hard tissues (enamel fracture, enamel and dentine fracture). Adjusted analysis revealed that the probability of TDI was almost 90% higher in older children (10 to 12 years) compared to children who were 7 to 9 years old; (PR 1.89; 95% CI 1.05­3.43), two fold higher in children from older mothers (≥ 35 years) (PR 2.01; 95% CI 1.23­3.30), and 66% higher in children from mothers with lower education (≤8 years) (PR 1.66; 95% CI 1.02­2.70). Conclusion: Our findings showed a high prevalence of TDI. Moreover, sociodemographic factors, specially, maternal schooling and aging were associated with the outcome. Epidemiological studies of specific groups allowed in the organization of health services and elaboration of preventive and curative strategies.

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de traumatismos alveolodentários (TAD) e investigar fatores sociodemográficos associados em crianças assistidas em um Curso de Odontologia no Sul do Brasil. Métodos: Um estudo transversal foi realizado com 374 crianças atendidas na Clínica Infantil do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brasil. Informações sobre fatores sociodemográficos foram obtidas com pais ou cuidadores por meio de um questionário estruturado. As crianças foram clinicamente examinadas e TAD foram registrados, conforme critério de Andreasen. Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi empregada para determinar os fatores associados com o desfecho. Resultados: A prevalência de TAD foi de 15,0% (IC 95% 11,0-19,0%). As lesões mais comuns foram lesões aos tecidos duros (fratura de esmalte e de esmalte e dentina), especialmente na dentição permanente. A análise ajustada mostrou que a probabilidade de TAD foi quase 90% maior em crianças de maior idade (10 a 12 anos) em relação a crianças de 7 a 9 anos (RP 1,89; IC 95% 1,05­3,43), duas vezes maior em filhos de mães com maior idade (≥ 35 anos) (RP 2,01; IC 95% 1,23­3,30) e 66% maior em crianças de mães com menor escolaridade (≤8 anos) (RP 1,66; IC 95% 1,02­2,70). Conclusão: Observou-se uma alta prevalência de TAD. Além disso, fatores sociodemográficos, especialmente escolaridade e idade materna, estiveram associados ao desfecho. Estudos epidemiológicos de grupos específicos permitem a organização de serviços de saúde e a elaboração de estratégias preventivas e curativas.