ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been determined that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic needs social distancing and proper measures to prevent its spreading. This study aimed to determine COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practice among Sari Birth Cohort (SBC) members. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study linked to the SBC in north of Iran, mothers living in Sari and its suburbs from March 28 to April 8, 2020 were evaluated. The measurement tool was an online researcher-made, self-reported knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire related to COVID-19. RESULTS: In total, 1449 mothers with a mean age of 31.51 ± 5.73 years participated. Of them, 82.4% had good knowledge (98.6% in healthcare workers and 79.2% in housewives, p = 0.000). Most of them were worried about spread of the disease in the country (97.4%) and agreed that COVID-19 will finally be successfully controlled around the world (72.2%). Sleep disturbance was reported in 42.7% of mothers. Eighty-eight percent of cases wore masks and gloves when leaving home, 99.4% washed their hands frequently while 12.9% went to any crowded places. People with better knowledge followed safer practices (p = 0.000) and were more worried about the spread of the disease in the country and infection (among themselves and their first-degree relatives) (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Most of the SBC members had a good level of knowledge about COVID-19 but were worried about a long-term pandemic period. They also had good practices regarding the prevention of the disease.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Humans , Iran/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Tyrosinemia type 1 is a hereditary disorder with liver, kidney and nervous system involvement. Neurological crises can occur in tyrosinemic patients without treatment or when treatment stops. Here we report three children that developed diaphragmatic paralysis after discontinuation of nitisinone. In patients with tyrosinemia type 1, combined treatment with nitisinone and a low-tyrosine diet have prevented neurological crises. The purpose of this article was to express the importance of taking nitisinone (NTBC) for tyrosinemia diseases and risks of inadvertent discontinuation. MATERIALS & METHODS: We describe three children referred to emergency department of Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran in December 2015 with tyrosinemia type 1 who stopped NTBC treatment, presenting with respiratory. Clinical findings, laboratory results, and imaging study were assessed in three patients on admission and after starting nitisinone. RESULTS: All patients developed diaphragmatic paralysis and respiratory distress after interruption of nitisinone treatment. Two of the patients were improved after starting nitisinone. One patient expired due to respiratory failure. Full recovery occurred about 2 months after starting nitisinone. CONCLUSION: Discontinuation of nitisinone can induce diaphragmatic paralysis and respiratory failure. Therefore, we should advise patients to use NTBC for the long term and not interrupt it.
ABSTRACT
Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a potentially life-threatening disease, which needs necessary treatment. We present a 12 years old female who was a known case of idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic convulsion and presented with fever, diarrhea and generalized erythematous eruption after 2 weeks of being under treatment with maintenance doses of Lamotrigine (LTG) and Valproate (VPA). The eruption led to more than 90% epidermal detachment of the total body surface area. However, she made a full recovery with few negligible sequelae regarding the severity of her disease and the symptomatic therapy and Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) administration which started soon after the bullae appeared.While IVIG might be beneficial in the treatment of TEN, controlled studies are needed to evaluate the efficiency of IVIG compared to other modalities.
