[C-peptide level as an early diagnostic marker of metabolic syndrome and predictor of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2].

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of C-peptide levels with insulin, resistance; components of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The study included 98 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, who were divided into two groups by the level of C-peptide. The first group consisted of 54 patients with elevated levels of C-peptide; the second group consisted of 44 patients with normal levels of C-peptide. Our study has shown a positive correlation between C-peptide levels and a body mass index (BMI), triglyceride levels and the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio. Correlation analysis also allowed identifying a statistically significant association of the HOMA-2-IR-C-peptide with a BMI, triglycerides and the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio. In the group of patients with elevated levels of C-peptide found in practically all components of metabolic syndrome, as well as a high incidence of arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease. The study shows that the detection of the C-peptide level is preferred in comparison with insulin for assessment of insulin resistance, presence of metabolic syndrome and can be used in type 2 diabetic patients for early detection of cardiovascular risk.

[C-peptide and its role as a predicator of the cardiovascular complications].

C-peptide is secreted from proinsulin and over the recent decade is considered as an active peptide that leads to different capillary actions and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results of the recent researches showed the C-peptide uptake in the blood vessel walls, in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of malpighian tuft, induction of local inflammation, proliferative effect on mesangial cell. The given effects showed an atherogenic role of C-peptide. Authors consider C-peptide as a possible predicator of cardiovascular complications and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and without diabetes.

[Modern approaches to the problem of comprehensive training of patients with ischemic heart disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus which undergo interventional coronary intervention (literature review)].

On the basis of 42 analyzed sources of literature was performed a study about the problem of comprehensive training of patients with ischemic heart disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus which undergo interventional coronary intervention. It was noted that disease management programs for patients with associated pathology and comprehensive training of patients with ischemic heart disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which undergo interventional coronary intervention, are not developed. Therefore, in recent decades there emerged a need for comprehensive training of patients with associated pathology development of relevant structured programs of training, estimation of near and late results of training.