[Tuberculin diagnosis in children with a family history of allergy].

Two hundred and eighteen Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years were examined. Whether the patients and their relatives had a history of allergic reactions was ascertained. A complex of diagnostic studies is of great value in verifying the presence of concomitant allergic diseases. The rate of allergic reactions in the child's history does not itself determine the likelihood of development of allergic states. The Mantoux (tuberculin) test in allergic children does not lead to an exacerbation of the underlying disease at remission. The remission manifestations of paraallergy are noted in 15.8% of the patients with allergic diseases and in 42.9% of the children having allergic reactions in the history. This supports the quality of a follow-up and treatment by an allergist, as well as an adequate response to a Mantoux test with 2 TE of PPD-L in the bulk of allergic children. The use of antihistamines as preparation for the test allows an inference about true infection and the sensitivity to tuberculin in both the most of allergic patients and persons with a history of allergic manifestations.

[Significance of narrow frequency bands of the EEG spectrum for demonstrating the effect of diazepam in patients with borderline mental disorders]. / Znachenie uzkikh chastotnykh polos spektra EEG dlia kharakteristiki deistviia diazepama u bol'nykh s pogranichnymi psikhicheskimi rasstroistvami.

A study was made of the effect of the single test dose of diazepam (10 mg, i. m.) and continuous drug therapy on the narrow spectral bands of the EEG in the range of 0.4-30.0 Hz. A relationship was demonstrated between the pattern of EEG changes and individual intensity in patients of the clinical manifestations of activation, tranquilization and sedation as well as the total efficacy of continuous therapy, disease standing and previous treatment. The frequencies of alpha-rhythm were found to be more informative for the reflection of the clinico-electrophysiological correlations established.

[Collagen plastic surgery in progressive myopia]. / Primenenie operatsii kollagenoplastiki pri progressiruiushchei blizorukosti.

The technique of surgery is as follows: 4 implants of wetted and squeezed out collagen sponge, 7-8 x 20-22 mm in size, 2-2.5 mm thick, are introduced into Tenon's space to fill the gaps between the rectus muscles; a standard sterile hemostatic sponge or a colocyl sponge in employed. Experimental studies have shown the development of new episcleral connective tissue at the sites where the sponge has been introduced, the thickness of this tissue exceeding 1.5-2.5-fold that of the rabbit sclera. Altogether 200 eyes (100 patients) with myopia of 3.5-15 diopters have been operated on. Myopia progress has been stopped in 95% of cases; vision acuity has improved by 0.14-0.15 (p less than 0.001), clinical refraction has reduced by 0.9-1.0 diopters (p less than 0.001) in 84% of patients. A significant improvement of the hemodynamics has been achieved, as well as of the eye membrane rigidity (1.5-2-fold). The complications were only negligible diplopia early after surgery in 3 cases. Collagen plastic surgery is a simple method, marked for the availability of the implanted material; it is highly effective and in fact does not involve complications, this permitting its use in progressive myopia of more than 4.0-5.0 diopters.

[Use of the new psychotropic preparation bemitil in treating asthenic disorders (clinico-pharmacological research)]. / Primenenie novogo psikhotropnogo preparata bemitila pri lechenii astenicheskikh narushenii (kliniko-farmakologicheskoe issledovanie).

In a series of 130 patients with asthenic conditions related to borderline forms of neuro-mental disturbances the authors compared clinico-pharmacological action of the actoprotector bemitil with that of nootropic drugs (piracetam and piridotol). The treatment with bemitil was either continuous or intermittent, being conducted according to the scheme elaborated in the course of the study. Bemitil proved to be more effective than piracetam and piriditol in relation to its influence on the manifestations of the asthenic symptom complex in general. Its application was characterized by a faster onset of the therapeutic effect and a peculiar mild psychostimulating action, primarily manifested in the impact on obligate manifestations of the asthenic disorders. The degree of the psychotropic action of the drug was found to be subject to changes depending on the scheme of its use.

[Pharmacokinetics and the clinical effect of bemitil after a single administration]. / Farmakokinetika i klinicheskii éffekt bemitila posle odnokratnogo primeneniia.

It was found on studying a novel psychotropic drug bemitil that after its single administration kinetic curves significantly differed depending on a clinical effect of the test dose in patients with asthenic states. At predomination of the psychoactivating component of action one could note a larger area under the concentration-time relationship curve and a shorter period of half-excretion than in patients with the tranquilizing action. The obtained data on the difference in the drug test dose effect depending on the drug pharmacokinetics should be taken into consideration at determination of bemitil course therapy duration in patients with neuroses and neurosis-like states with predominance of asthenic disturbances in the clinical picture.

[Features of disorders of mental activity in schizophrenics]. / Ob osobennostiakh narusheniia psikhicheskoi aktivnosti u bol'nykh shizofreniei.

A comparative experimental-psychological study of characteristics of psychic activity disorders was conducted in patients of 2 nosological groups: patients with schizophrenia and patients with astheno-neurotic disturbances in neurasthenia. The authors used methods directed at the study of characteristics of involuntary and voluntary attention as the direct expression and prerequisite of the activity of psychic processes. On the basis of the experimental data, the authors attempt to develop a psychological classification of characteristics of determinant factors of changes in psychic activity of patients of two nosological groups compared.