ABSTRACT
The prevalence of the mutations of resistance to the main three classes of antiretroviral agents in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy was tested. Among the main drug resistance mutations for the entire period of observation was a high frequency of the occurrence M184V mutation, K101E, K103N, Y181C, and G190S influencing the development of the HIV resistance to nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The problems of the practical application of the study of HIV drug resistance in the regions of the Siberian Federal District were emphasized.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics , HIV Infections/genetics , HIV-1/genetics , Point Mutation , Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors , Female , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Male , SiberiaABSTRACT
During administration of amizil (0.3-0.6 mg/kg) and metamizil (0.1 mg/kg) there is a decrease in pancreatic secretion after ingestion of 100 g of meat, drinking of 600 ml of an aqueous-lactic mixture and irrigation of the duodenal mucosa with hydrochloric acid solution. Pancreatic secretion was completely suppressed in response to sham feeding. The time course of water-salt metabolism was disturbed: urination decreased during the first experimental hour. The cholinolytics did not produce such an effect on administration of the aqueous-lactic mixture directly into the stomach, avoiding the drinking. Research into the higher nervous activity has shown that even in a dose of 0.05 mg/kg amizil decreased the magnitude of conditioned and unconditioned salivation reflexes.
Subject(s)
Conditioning, Classical/drug effects , Diuresis/drug effects , Pancreas/drug effects , Parasympatholytics/pharmacology , Animals , Depression, Chemical , Dogs , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Higher Nervous Activity/drug effects , Pancreas/metabolism , Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effectsABSTRACT
In chronic experiments on dogs with urethrae brought out to the skin of the abdomen and electrodes implanted in the hypothalamus, the possibility was studied of the involvement of a conditioned component in hypothalamic control of the kidneys activity under a direct action of electric current on a hypothalamus. The beat of a metronome and the experimental surroundings served as a conditioned stimulus, stimulation of the hypothalamus was used as an unconditioned one, and diuresis -- as a manifestation of the conditioned reflex. It was found that the conditioned mechanism is also involved in the complex mechanism of hypothalamic control of kidney activity. Such conditioned changes of diuresis may be effected in different functional states of hypothalamic nuclei.
