ABSTRACT
Biomagnetic methods have been designed for a wide range of applications. Recently, such methods have been proposed as alternatives to scintigraphy for evaluating of a number of pharmaceutical processes in vitro as well as under the influence of gastrointestinal physiological parameters. In this review, physical characterization as well as the most recent applications of Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID), Anisotropic Magnetoresistive (AMR) and AC Biosusceptometry (ACB) in the pharmaceutical research will be explored. Moreover, their current status and how these technologies can be employed to improve the knowledge about the impact of gastrointestinal physiology on drug delivery in association with pharmacokinetic outcomes, termed pharmacomagnetography, will be presented.
Subject(s)
Drug Delivery Systems/methods , Magnetics/methods , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods , Animals , Drug Delivery Systems/instrumentation , Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects , Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism , Humans , Intestinal Absorption/drug effects , Intestinal Absorption/physiology , Magnetics/instrumentation , Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysisABSTRACT
Sodium diclofenac (SD) release from dosage forms has been studied under different conditions. However, no dissolution method that is discriminatory enough to reflect slight changes in formulation or manufacturing process, and which could be effectively correlated with the biological properties of the dosage form, has been reported. This study sought to develop three different formulae of SD-containing matrix tablets and to determine the effect of agitation speed in its dissolution profiles. F1, F2 and F3 formulations were developed using hypromellose (10, 20 and 30%, respectively for F1, F2 and F3) and other conventional excipients. Dissolution tests were carried out in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 at 37 degrees C using apparatus II at 50, 75 or 100 rpm. Dissolution efficiency (DE), T(50) and T(90) were determined and plotted as functions of the variables agitation speed and hypromellose concentration. Regarding DE, F2 showed more sensitivity to variations in agitation speed than F1 and F3. Increasing hypromellose concentration reduced DE values, independent of agitation speed. Analysis of T(50) and T(90) suggests that F1 is less sensitive to variations in agitation speed than F2 and F3. Most discriminatory dissolution conditions were observed at 50 rpm. Results suggest that the comparison of dissolution performance of SD matrix tablets should take into account polymer concentration and agitation conditions.
