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1.
Cir Cir ; 85(6): 510-514, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28433235

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy remains the standard of care for kidney stones larger than 2cm. Therefore, setting a prognosis for complete stone resolution through this method is essential. The prognostic tools available have limited prediction. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the stone-free rate in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy with the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society nomogram and suggest modifications to improve the classification. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy applying the nephrolithometric nomogram specified. We modified the scale dividing the patients into 3groups: i from 80 to 110 points, II from 111 to 170 points, and III more than 170 points, respectively assessing the stone-free rate (Kruskall-Wallis test was performed, p<0.05). RESULTS: A total of 126 patients were included. According to the nehrolithometric nomogram the stone-free rate was 12.5% for patients with fewer than 111 points and 70.9% for those with 111 points or more. In the modification proposed for groups I, IIand III the stone-free rate was 12.5%, 50% and 80% respectively (p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation using the nephrolithometric nomogram demonstrated accurate stone-free rate prediction for complex and simple stones, with a lack of discrimination for patients with intermediate scores. Our modification enabled better differentiation of the intermediate groups from the high and low stone-free rate groups.


Subject(s)
Kidney Calculi/surgery , Nephrolithotomy, Percutaneous , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Kidney Calculi/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Nephrolithotomy, Percutaneous/statistics & numerical data , Nomograms , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
2.
Arch Esp Urol ; 68(9): 685-91, 2015 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26530870

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to apply the S.T.O.N.E. scale on our patients undergoing PCNL to predict stone free rate and complications using the modified Clavien scale. METHODS: A historical cohort of patients undergoing PCNL was analyzed. All patients with computed tomography to assess stone-free rate with the S.T.O.N.E. scale and complications were evaluated by the modified Clavien scale. RESULTS: In 102 patients 104 procedures were performed; the mean age was 48.4 years and 71% were women. The distribution of cases were classified as mild: 6.7%, moderate: 63.5% and severe: 29.8%. The stone free rate after the first procedure globally reached 58% and by grade was: mild 85.7%, moderate 71.2% and severe 25%. The RR for residual stones after the first procedure was 2.4 for moderate grade (CI 0.3 to 15, p=0.03) and 4.9 for severe grade (CI 0.7 - 30.9, p=0.08). The overall complication rate was 33%, separately Clavien 1: 14.4%, 2: 9.6%, 3a: 2.9%, 3b: 2.9% 4:1.9%, 5:1%. CONCLUSIONS: The S.T.O.N.E. scale applied in our population can predict accurately and easily stone free rate in patients undergoing PCNL. We found no predictive association for this scale on complications.


Subject(s)
Kidney Calculi/surgery , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous , Cohort Studies , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Prognosis
3.
Cir Cir ; 83(5): 402-8, 2015.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26148982

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Training devices for percutaneous renal access are expensive, have hazardous biological materials, or radiation. Two devices were designed that eliminate some or all of these characteristics (ManiPERC and iPERC). OBJECTIVE: To compare the improvement in access time to the posterior lower calix with 2 inanimate models in a group of Urology residents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quasi-experimental clinical trial with 16 Urology residents to compare the improvement over time of percutaneous renal access by training in 2 inanimate models (iPERC: simulated fluoroscopy and ManiPERC: real fluoroscopy). RESULTS: Subjects were assigned to one of 2 groups (iPERC and ManiPERC) and a video analysis of all of them was performed before and after 20 training sessions. Both groups improved their access time; with iPERC from 133.88±41.40 to 76±12.62s (p=0.006) and from 176.5±85.81 to 68.75 to 18.40s (p=0.007) with ManiPERC. Comparing iPERC versus ManiPERC there was no difference between them in improving access time (ANCOVA: Model F (1.13)=1.598, p=0.228). CONCLUSIONS: Both models are equivalent in improving skills; however, even though none of them generated bio-waste, the absence of radioactive emissions makes iPERC the more advantageous model.


Subject(s)
Fluoroscopy/instrumentation , Kidney/surgery , Lithotripsy/instrumentation , Models, Anatomic , Phantoms, Imaging , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/instrumentation , Adult , Clinical Competence , Equipment Design , Female , Fluoroscopy/adverse effects , Fluoroscopy/methods , Humans , Internship and Residency , Intraoperative Period , Learning Curve , Lithotripsy/methods , Male , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Punctures , Radiation Exposure/prevention & control , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods , Urology/education , Video Recording
4.
J Endourol ; 28(9): 1078-84, 2014 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24832220

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the preoperative and perioperative predictive factors of morbidity/mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), using the Clavien's classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent PCNL between January 2005 and January 2012. Preoperative and postoperative factors, such as age, obesity, surgical risk, Charlson comorbidity index, stone complexity, access calix, type of dilator used, and surgery time, were evaluated as predictors of complications. RESULTS: A total of 354 patients were included in the study. Of these, 56% were women, with the average age of 47±12.5 years. Stone-free rate for noncomplex calculi was 85% and for complex calculi it was 68%. A total of 103 complications were recorded (29.3%). According to the modified Clavien classification system, 32 (9%) were grade 1, 39 (11%) were grade 2, 16 (4.5%) were grade 3A, 8 (2.3%) were grade 3B, 3 (0.8%) were grade 4A, 1 (0.3%) was grade 4B, and 4 (1.1%) were grade 5. In multivariate analysis female gender (odds ratio [OR] 3.1, confidence interval [CI] 1.1-8.0), Charlson score of ≥3 (OR 23.2, CI 3.5-151.1), complex stone (OR 4, CI 1.6-9.6), and duration of surgery of ≥120 minutes (OR 2.9, CI 1.2-6.9) were associated with major complications. CONCLUSIONS: PCNL is a safe procedure with acceptable efficacy for the resolution of renal calculi. The safety of the procedure should improve, especially to reduce the presence of severe complications (Clavien ≥3). We identified factors that are associated with severe complications: female gender, high Charlson, complex calculi, and surgical length ≥120 minutes.


Subject(s)
Kidney Calculi/surgery , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous/adverse effects , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Confidence Intervals , Female , Humans , Kidney Calculi/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Morbidity , Multivariate Analysis , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous/methods , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous/mortality , Obesity/complications , Odds Ratio , Postoperative Complications/classification , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors
5.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 51(4): 472-9, 2013.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24021082

ABSTRACT

The incidence of urethral stenosis in Mexico had not been documented. At the Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, during the year 2010, 629 patients with urethral stenosis were attended as outpatient consultation: 85 % with previous urethral stenosis and 15 % with urethral treatment complication. Urethral stenosis is a chronic illness, with multiple etiological origins and the handling is controversial. It has a great negative impact for the patients and the recurrence reaches 85 %. The treatment consisted of an invasive approach (urethral dilations, endoscopy procedure) and open surgery (urethroplasty). The World Health Organization and World Alliance take the world challenge about the urinary tract infections associated with the attention of patients, focused on urethral stenosis. The objective of the following clinical guide is to offer to the health professional a clinical tool for making decisions in the handling of the hardship or masculine urethral stenosis, based on the best available evidence, carrying out in systematized form with bibliographical research using validated terms of the MeSH: urethral structures, in the databases Trip database, PubMed, Guideline Clearinghouse, Cochrane Library and Ovid.


En México no está documentada la incidencia de la estenosis de uretra en forma consistente. En 2010, en el Centro Médico Nacional La Raza se reportaron 629 pacientes en consulta externa, 85 % de uretra anterior y 15 % de uretra posterior. La estenosis uretral es una enfermedad crónica, de etiología variada y manejo controvertido, con gran impacto negativo para los pacientes y recurrencia hasta de 85 %. El tratamiento puede ser instrumentado (dilataciones, cirugía endoscópica) y por cirugía abierta (uretroplastia). La Organización Mundial de la Salud y Alianza Mundial la consideran un reto de la atención de la salud. El objetivo de la siguiente guía es ofrecer al profesional de la salud, una herramienta clínica para la toma de decisiones en la atención de la estenosis uretral masculina, basada en la mejor evidencia identificada mediante la búsqueda bibliográfica sistematizada en las bases de datos Tripdatabase, PubMed, Guideline Clearinghouse, Cochrane Library y Ovid.


Subject(s)
Urethra/injuries , Urethral Stricture/diagnosis , Urethral Stricture/therapy , Algorithms , Humans , Male , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urethral Stricture/etiology
6.
Cir Cir ; 77(3): 193-200, 2009.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19671271

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the technique of subtrigonal sling with abdominal fascia and demonstrate its usefulness in resolving complex stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: We performed a cohort, longitudinal, observational study in adult females who attended the Urodynamics Department of the Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, with recurrent SUI or with risk factors for recurrence, whether or not associated with urge urinary incontinence (UUI). RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2006, 40 patients were included. Mean follow-up was 41.95 months (9-106), and the average patient age was 55 years. In 35 patients (87.5%) SUI was resolved, in two patients (5%) it improved, and in three patients (7.5%) it persisted. Of the 40 study patients, 18 had UUI and in only 7/18 patients (39%) was it resolved postoperatively. UUI de novo was noted in 12/40 patients (30%). One patient presented crural hernia, two patients presented postincisional hernia and two patients required blood transfusion. No patient presented acute urinary retention or urinary voiding problems postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Results obtained by this surgical technique are effective and long-lasting in patients with complex SUI. We did not observe bladder emptying dysfunction but there were formations of abdominal wall hernias. The minimally invasive approach consisting of the subtrigonal placement of synthetic tapes may maintain efficacy with minimal morbidity.


Subject(s)
Suburethral Slings , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/surgery , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Middle Aged , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
7.
Cir. & cir ; 77(3): 193-200, mayo-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-566500

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir la técnica de cabestrillo subtrigonal con fascia abdominal y demostrar su utilidad en la resolución de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo compleja. Material y métodos: Estudio de cohorte longitudinal y observacional en mujeres adultas que acudieron al Servicio de Urodinamia, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, para tratamiento de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo recidivante o con factores de riesgo para recidiva, asociada o no a incontinencia urinaria de urgencia. Resultados: Entre 1995 y 2006 incluimos 40 pacientes; el seguimiento fue de 41.95 meses (rango 9 a 106) y el promedio de edad de 55 años. En 35 pacientes (87.5 %) fue resuelta la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, dos pacientes mejoraron (5 %) y tres persistieron (7.5 %) con la incontinencia. De las 40 pacientes, 18 presentaban incontinencia urinaria de urgencia y solo en siete de éstas (39 %) se resolvió después de la cirugía. La incontinencia urinaria de urgencia de novo se presentó en 12 (30 %). Una tuvo hernia crural, dos hernia posincisional y dos requirieron transfusión sanguínea. Ninguna evidenció problemas de vaciamiento urinario posterior a la cirugía. Conclusiones: Los resultados con la técnica descrita son eficaces y duraderos en pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo recidivante o factores de riesgo para recidiva. No se observó disfunción de vaciamiento vesical, sin embargo, hubo hernias abdominales. El abordaje de mínima invasión para colocar las cintas sintéticas en posición subtrigonal podría mantener la eficacia con mínima morbilidad.


BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the technique of subtrigonal sling with abdominal fascia and demonstrate its usefulness in resolving complex stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: We performed a cohort, longitudinal, observational study in adult females who attended the Urodynamics Department of the Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, with recurrent SUI or with risk factors for recurrence, whether or not associated with urge urinary incontinence (UUI). RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2006, 40 patients were included. Mean follow-up was 41.95 months (9-106), and the average patient age was 55 years. In 35 patients (87.5%) SUI was resolved, in two patients (5%) it improved, and in three patients (7.5%) it persisted. Of the 40 study patients, 18 had UUI and in only 7/18 patients (39%) was it resolved postoperatively. UUI de novo was noted in 12/40 patients (30%). One patient presented crural hernia, two patients presented postincisional hernia and two patients required blood transfusion. No patient presented acute urinary retention or urinary voiding problems postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Results obtained by this surgical technique are effective and long-lasting in patients with complex SUI. We did not observe bladder emptying dysfunction but there were formations of abdominal wall hernias. The minimally invasive approach consisting of the subtrigonal placement of synthetic tapes may maintain efficacy with minimal morbidity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/surgery , Suburethral Slings , Longitudinal Studies , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
8.
Arch Esp Urol ; 62(1): 34-41, 2009.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19400444

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare long term efficacy and morbidity in patients with stress urinary incontinence treated using Burch's colpopexy versus Burch's colpopexy plus urachus-cystopexy. METHODS: Retrospective, longitudinal comparative, observational study in 129 patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Fifty four patients underwent Burch's colpopexy (group B) and 75 patients underwent Burch's colpopexy and urachus-cystopexy (group B U). These patients completed inclusion criteria from January 1994 to March 2005. The severity of SUI was evaluated by means of the number of pads used in 24 hours. Cure was defined as patients not using any pad for urinary leakage; improvement, when the number of pads used decreased to one pad a day; and failure when the patients used more than 1 pad in 24 hours. In MUI the urge urinary incontinence (UUI) component was evaluated separately. RESULTS: After 12 months of follow-up, 47 patients of group B and 67 patients of group BU were evaluated analyzing cure/improvement. Either one were observed in 74.4% (29/6) and 97% (58/7) respectively (p = 0.001). At 24 months follow up, in 35 patients of group B and 42 of group BU, a rate of 65.7% (22/3) and 97.6% (37/4) was observed respectively (p = 0.014). MUI was present in 53.7% of group B and 58.6% patients of group BU. An independent analysis was made on urge urinary incontinence (UUI) in these patients at 12 months; 53.1% of group B and 19.4% of group BU had UUI (p = 0.000). At 24 months, 50% of patients of group B and 26.19% of group BU had UUI (p = 0.029). De novo UUI was present in 19.4% of group B and 5.97% of group BU (p = 0.000) at 12 months follow-up, and in 17.64% of patients of group B and 13.95% of group BU (p = 0.005) at 24 months. Complications related to urachus-cystopexy presented trans-operatively: vesical injury in 3 of the initial cases, solved with bladder closure in two layers and vesical catheter for 7 days approximately. CONCLUSIONS: Burch's procedure in addition to urachus-cystopexy was better for the treatment of SUI and UUI than Burch's procedure alone in a long term clinical follow-up. Surgical fixation of the urachus to the anterior abdominal wall provides extra support to the bladder and probably reduces its displacement during strength, avoiding tension of urethral and bladder neck fixations and increasing the efficacy of Burch's procedure.


Subject(s)
Cystocele/surgery , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cohort Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Urachus , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Young Adult
9.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(1): 34-41, ene.-feb. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-59999

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar la eficacia y morbilidad a largo plazo de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo a las que se realizó uretro-cervico-suspensión tipo Burch versus el procedimiento de Burch más uraco-cistopexia.MÉTODOS: Se realizó un análisis de cohorte retrospectivo, longitudinal, comparativo y observacional. De enero de 1994 a marzo 2005 se incluyeron 129 pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) o incontinencia urinaria mixta (IUM). Cincuenta y cuatro pacientes fueron sometidas a procedimiento de Burch (grupo B) y 75 pacientes a procedimiento de Burch asociado a uraco-cistopexia (grupo BU). La severidad de la incontinencia fue valorada mediante el número de apósitos utilizados durante 24 hrs. La cura se consideró cuando el paciente no requirió ningún dispositivo para la pérdida urinaria; la mejoría como una disminución a una toalla al día y fracaso el uso de más de 1 apósito en 24 horas. En la IUM, el componente de incontinencia urinaria de urgencia (IUU) se evaluó por separado(AU)


RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 47 pacientes del grupo B y 67 pacientes del grupo BU; a los 12 meses de seguimiento observando una tasa cura/mejoría de la IUE del 74.4% (29/6) y 97% (58/7) respectivamente, p=0.001 y a los 24 meses de seguimiento 35 pacientes del grupo B y 42 pacientes del grupo BU observando una tasa del 65.7% (22/3) y 97.6% (37/4) respectivamente, p=0.014. La IUM basal se presentó en 53.7% de pacientes del grupo B y en 58.6% pacientes del grupo BU. Se analizó en forma aislada la parte de IUU de estas pacientes; a los 12 meses 53.1% de pacientes del grupo B y 19.4% del grupo BU presentaban IUU, p=0.000 y a los 24 meses 50% de pacientes del grupo B y 26.19% del grupo BU presentaban IUU, p=0.029. La IUU de novo se presentó en 19.14% de pacientes de grupo B y en el grupo BU 5.97%, p=.0000 y a los 24 meses en el grupo B 17.64% de pacientes y en el grupo BU 13.95% p=0.005. Las complicaciones relacionadas a la uraco-cistopexia se presentaron en el trans-operatorio y fue apertura vesical en 3 de los primeros casos que se resolvieron con cistorrafia en dos planos y sonda vesical por espacio de 7 días.CONCLUSIONES: El procedimiento de Burch asociado a la uraco-cistopexia tuvo mayor eficacia en la resolución a largo plazo de la IUE y del componente de IUU que el procedimiento de Burch aislado. La fijación quirúrgica del uraco a la aponeurosis de los rectos anteriores del abdomen mantiene firme la vejiga, lo que probablemente disminuye su desplazamiento durante los esfuerzos, evitando así la tensión en las fijaciones uretro-cervicales, elevando la eficacia del procedimiento de Burch(AU)


OBJECTIVES: To compare long term efficacy and morbidity in patients with stress urinary incontinence treated using Burch’s colpopexy versus Burch’s colpopexy plus urachus-cystopexy.METHODS: Retrospective, longitudinal comparative, observational study in 129 patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Fifty four patients underwent Burch’s colpopexy (group B) and 75 patients underwent Burch’s colpopexy and urachus-cystopexy (group B U). These patients completed inclusion criteria from January 1994 to March 2005.The severity of SUI was evaluated by means of the number of pads used in 24 hours. Cure was defined as patients not using any pad for urinary leakage; improvement, when the number of pads used decreased to one pad a day; and failure when the patients used more than 1 pad in 24 hours. In MUI the urge urinary incontinence (UUI) component was evaluated separately.RESULTS: After 12 months of follow-up, 47 patients of group B and 67 patients of group BU were evaluated analyzing cure/improvement. Either one were observed in 74.4% (29/6) and 97% (58/7) respectively (p= 0.001). At 24 months follow up, in 35 patients of group B and 42 of group BU, a rate of 65.7% (22/3) and 97.6% (37/4) was observed respectively (p=0.014). MUI was present in 53.7% of group B and 58.6% patients of group BU. An independent analysis was made on urge urinary incontinence (UUI) in these patients at 12 months; 53.1 % of group B and 19.4 % of group BU had UUI (p= 0.000). At 24 months, 50% of patients of group B and 26.19% of group BU had UUI (p= 0.029). De novo UUI was present in 19.4% of group B and 5.97% of group BU (p= 0.000) at12 months follow-up, and in 17.64% of patients of group B and 13.95% of group BU (p= 0.005) at 24 months. Complications related to urachus-cystopexy presented trans-operatively: vesical injury in 3 of the initial cases, solved with bladder closure in two layers and vesical catheter for 7 days approximately(AU)


CONCLUSIONS: Burch’s procedure in addition to urachus-cystopexy was better for the treatment of SUI and UUI than Burch’s procedure alone in a long term clinical follow-up. Surgical fixation of the urachus to the anterior abdominal wall provides extra support to the bladder and probably reduces its displacement during strength, avoiding tension of urethral and bladder neck fixations and increasing the efficacy of Burch’s procedure(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Urachus/surgery , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Urologic Surgical Procedures/trends , Cystocele/surgery , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/surgery , Urodynamics/physiology , Surgical Fixation Devices/trends , Urologic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Morbidity , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Signs and Symptoms , Surgical Fixation Devices/classification , Surgical Fixation Devices
10.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 137(5): 471-477, sept.-oct. 2001. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-312223

ABSTRACT

La retención urinaria debida a divertículo vesical es una entidad clínica rara. Reportamos los casos de tres varones que fueron sometidos a resección transuretral de próstata por hiperplasia prostática benigna y después del retiro de la sonda presentaron imposibilidad para la micción, así como el caso de una mujer adolescente con historia de infección urinaria que presentó retención urinaria aguda cuatro meses previos a su primera entrevista en el servicio. La investigación posterior demostró en todos un gran divertículo vesical. La diverticulectomía restableció el vaciamiento vesical adecuada en todos los pacientes. Se discuten el origen del divertículo vesical, el mecanismo de la retención urinaria en ausencia de obstrucción y el tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Diverticulum/diagnosis , Urinary Retention/physiopathology , Urinary Bladder , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic
11.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 68(4): 174-81, abr. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-286200

ABSTRACT

La vejiga inestable es un síndrome frecuente en pacientes femeninas y debido a contracciones involuntarias del músculo detrusor; principalmente debidas a denervación de musculatura lisa vesical que genera hipersensibilidad miccional con pérdida del control cortical inhibitorio. Clínicamente se manifiesta en aumento de frecuencia urinaria, nicturia, urgencia miccional e incontinencia urinaria de urgencia. El tratamiento más efectivo históricamente ha sido el uso de miorrelajantes y anticolinérgicos. Presentamos un estudio prospectivo, doble ciego, cruzado y controlado con placebo para evaluar eficacia y tolerancia de la oxibutinina en mujeres con vejiga inestable. Se incluyeron 44 mujeres adultas con vejiga inestable, 22 de ellas recibieron oxibutinina 5 mg tres veces al día y 22 placebo 5 mg tres veces al día en forma aleatoria en ambos grupos durante seis semanas, al término de las cuales se realizó lavado y a las que recibieron inicialmente oxibutinina se les administró placebo a las que inicialmente recibieron placebo se les administró oxibutinina, durante seis semanas más. Cinco pacientes que iniciaron el estudio con oxibutinina abandonaron el estudio, dos de ellas por intolerancia al medicamento y tres por causas desconocidas. Un total de 74 sujetos (37 para cada brazo del estudio) tuvieron promedio de edad de 51.7 años. La puntuación de síntomas disminuyó de 13 a 11 y de 13 a 6 puntos con placebo y oxibutinina respectivamente (p= 0.001). La escala análoga visual de síntomas disminuyó de 77 por ciento a 62.5 por ciento y 40 por ciento con placebo y oxibutinina respectivamente (p= 0.003). La tasa de mejoría global evaluada a través de puntuación de síntomas fue de 27 por ciento con placebo y de 72.9 por ciento con oxibutinina (p= 0.000) evaluada a través de escala análoga visual de síntomas fue de 40 por ciento para el placebo y 78.3 por ciento para la oxibutinina (p= 0.002). El volumen vesical al primer deseo miccional, aumentó de 129 mL a 134 mL y 187 mL con placebo y oxibutinina respectivamente (p= 0.021) la capacidad cistométrica máxima aumentó de 231 a 236 y 301 mL con placebo y oxibutinina respectivamente (p= 0.008). El efecto colateral más frecuente en ambos grupos fue sequedad de boca y se presentó en 6 (19 por ciento) y 34 (91 por ciento) pacientes con placebo y oxibutinina respectivamente (p= 0.000). Sólo 5 de 44 pacientes (11.3 por ciento) con oxibutinina y dos de 44 pacientes (4.4 por ciento) con placebo abandonaron el estudio (p= 0.14)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cholinergic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/drug therapy , Urinary Incontinence, Stress/drug therapy , Placebos/therapeutic use , Parasympathetic Nervous System , Urinary Bladder/pathology
12.
Bol. Col. Mex. Urol ; 13(2): 72-6, mayo-ago. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-184068

ABSTRACT

Se presenta la experiencia de los autores con la técnica de Mitrofanoff aplicada en siete pacientes. De cuatro pacientes con estenosis de uretra postraumática, en tres se utilizó apéndice como conducto cateterizable continente con modificación en la técnica de anastomosis apendicovesical, esto es, sin efectuar un túnel submucoso, y en uréter residual subsecuente a nefrectomía simple. En tres pacientes, de los cuales uno tenía vejiga hipotónica y dos estenosis de uretra, se efectuó el procedimiento de Mitrofanoff con apéndice por acceso laproscópico en forma completa. Tras un promedio de seguimiento de 13.5 meses, los autores observaron continencia diurna y nocturna en todos los pacientes, y sólo en cuatro persiste la bacteriuria pero sin pruebas de deterioro de la función renal. Se concluye que con la modificación de la técnica de anastomosis de apéndice con vejiga realizada en forma directa se simplifica el tiempo quirúrgico, se minimizan las complicaciones y se tiene la oportunidad de efectuar la técnica por vía laparoscópica, con todas las ventajas que ofrece el acceso miniinvasivo, con conservación de la continencia urinaria como se demostró mediante estudios urodinámicos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Laparoscopy , Urethral Stricture/surgery , Urinary Bladder/surgery , Urinary Reservoirs, Continent , Urodynamics
13.
Bol. Col. Mex. Urol ; 13(1): 24-8, ene.-abr. 1996. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-181551

ABSTRACT

El carcinoma de la corteza suprarrenal en un tumor poco frecuente, y el diagnóstico por lo regular se realiza cuando la enfermedad se encuentra avanzada debido a la localización de la glándula suprarrenal y a su carácter silencioso, especialmente si es no funcionante. El tratamiento quirúrgico sigue siendo la única posbilidad de curación cuando se encuentra localizado, y el pronóstico generalmente es ominoso. Se presenta la experiencia de cuatro casos, dos de los cuales eran funcionantes. El promedio de edad fue de 44 años, la relación entre varón y mujer de 1:1, y el tiempo promedio de inicio de los síntomas al momento del diagnóstico de 13 meses. Los síntomas y signos principales fueron dolor abdominal, adinamita, tumoración palpable, pérdida de peso e hipertensión arterial. Tres casos presentaban metástasis a distancia al momento del diagnóstico. El tratmiento en tres casos consistió en cirugía radical, y uno recibió quimioterapia con respuesta parcial de corta duración. El peso promedio de las neoplasias fue de 500 g. Tres pacientes fallecieron por la enfermedad dentro del primer año después del diagnóstico


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms/surgery , Adrenalectomy/statistics & numerical data , Drug Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Hydrocortisone/urine , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Signs and Symptoms
14.
Bol. Col. Mex. Urol ; 12(2): 101-4, mayo-ago. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-162041

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 13 pacientes sometidos a, por lo menos, uno de tres procedimientos de derivación de las vías urinarias. Se incluyeron ocho pacientes en el grupo I (de ampliación vesical), dos en el grupo II (de bolsas continentes), y siete en el grupo III (de conductos continentes). Todos los pacientes se sometieron a estudios de laboratorio y gabinete, entre ellos estudios de urodinamia antes y después de la operación, para evaluar los resultados del comportamiento del segmento intestinal utilizado y su posible repercusión sobre el organismo. Se concluye que la derivación urinaria con segmentos intestinales es un método adecuado para pacientes seleccionados. Además, de todos los métodos de evaluación, el que brinda mayor objetividad al estudio del resultado funcional es la evaluación urodinámica


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Urinary Diversion/methods , Urinary Diversion , Intestines/transplantation , Kidney Transplantation , Kidney Transplantation/physiology , Transplantation, Autologous , Urodynamics
15.
Bol. Col. Mex. Urol ; 12(1): 46-8, ene.-abr. 1995. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-151309

ABSTRACT

A pesar de la amplia aceptación de la uroflujometría existen aspectos sin resolver, como la influencia de la instrumentación. Se estudiaron 119 pacientes con crecimiento prostático benigno y promedio de edad de 65.3 años, y se comparó la uroflujometría espontánea con la instrumentada. Los promedios de la tasa de flujo máximo (TFmás) y la tasa de flujo medio (TFmed) disminuyeron con la instrumentación de 15.9 a 10.9 ml/seg y de 6.6 a 4.7 ml/seg, respectivamente (p < 0.0001). El volumen de vaciado (Vvac) aumentó de 259.8 a 389.3 ml y el volumen residual (Vres) disminuyó de 129.3 a 64.6 ml (p < 0.0001) en la uroflujometría instrumentada. La uroflujometría en pacientes con crecimiento prostático benigno debe realizarse en forma espontánea, dado que la instrumentación influye de manera significativa y disminuye las tasas de flujo, lo que podría sobreestimar el grado de obstrucción prostática con mayor probabilidad de error en la decisión terapéutica


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Diagnostic Techniques, Urological , Prostatic Hyperplasia/physiopathology , Rheology , Rheology/instrumentation , Varicocele/diagnosis , Varicocele/physiopathology
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