Subject(s)
Facial Asymmetry/diagnosis , Mandible/pathology , Mandibular Condyle/pathology , Cephalometry/methods , Facial Asymmetry/therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hyperplasia , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/diagnosis , Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy , Mandibular Condyle/surgery , Mandibular Osteotomy/methods , Open Bite/diagnosis , Open Bite/therapy , Tooth Movement Techniques/instrumentation , Tooth Movement Techniques/methods , Young AdultSubject(s)
Fingersucking/adverse effects , Open Bite/therapy , Orthodontic Retainers , Orthodontics, Corrective/methods , Tongue Habits/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Male , Open Bite/etiology , Orthodontic Space Closure , Orthodontics, Corrective/instrumentation , Secondary Prevention , Tooth Extraction , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To review the etiology and pathogenesis of anterior open bite malocclusion. DATA SOURCE: Review of literature was affected through Pubmed, Google scholar and Science direct. References identified from articles found from the primary search were also reviewed. STUDY SELECTION: Published data on etiology and pathogenesis of anterior open bite over the last five decades (1960-2009) were utilised. DATA EXTRACTION: Full articles, abstracts and relevant book chapters were read and analysed to determine the relevant material for this article. DATA ANALYSIS: All relevant articles were reviewed in full and necessary information eextracted as necessary. CONCLUSION: A clear understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of anterior open bite is essential in the diagnosis, prevention and management of this malocclusion.
Subject(s)
Open Bite/etiology , Open Bite/pathology , Fingersucking/adverse effects , Humans , Neuromuscular Diseases/complications , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/complicationsABSTRACT
Cemento-osseous dysplasias are sometimes seen on routine radiographic examination of the tooth-bearing areas of the jaws, most commonly amongst adult female patients. Lesions present as radiolucent to radio-opaque areas, depending on various levels of maturity. Extraction of teeth is strongly contraindicated because there is a high risk of infection with a possibility of bone sequestration, as antibiotics are unable to cross the thick cortical marginal bone that surrounds these lesions. No report has been found in the literature on the orthodontic management of patients with this condition. This paper reports on a 28-year-old black female patient with cemento-osseous dysplasia who received orthodontic treatment.
Subject(s)
Cementoma/complications , Mandibular Neoplasms/complications , Tooth Movement Techniques/methods , Adult , Dental Alloys , Female , Humans , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy , Nickel , Orthodontic Brackets , Orthodontic Retainers , Orthodontic Wires , Patient Care Planning , Radiography, Panoramic , TitaniumABSTRACT
Orthodontic bracket adhesion involves multistep procedures which are technique sensitive to various factors within the oral environment. RelyX Unicem is a restorative/prosthodontic adhesive material which by virtue of its one step adhesion procedure may prove to be suitable for efficient orthodontic bonding. The objective of this study was to compare the SBS of RelyX Unicem with six other known orthodontic bonding materials. Seventy extracted human premolar teeth were divided into seven groups of 10 teeth each. On each group, metal orthodontic brackets were bonded using one of the seven bonding materials: (A) Transbond XT primer and Transbond XT luting cement (B) F2000 compomer primer/adhesive (C) Transbond Plus and Transbond XT luting cement (D) RelyX Unicem (E) Prime & Bond NT and Calibra cement (F) Xeno III and Calibra cement (G) NRC + Prime & Bond NT and Calibra cement. Shear bond strength evaluation of each tooth was tested and recorded using the Instron materials testing machine. The results show that the mean SBS for RelyX Unicem is 5.38 MPa and NRC is 4.70 MPa which rates weak compared to all the other materials where the means for the SBS are within the acceptable range of 5.9 to 7.8 MPa. It appears that by reducing the number steps followed for orthodontic bracket adhesion, the SBS of the orthodontic adhesive materials becomes significantly compromised to the extent where such materials can be rejected as suitable for orthodontic bracket adhesion. RelyX Unicem and NRC were found to be unsuitable for orthodontic bracket adhesion.
Subject(s)
Dental Bonding , Orthodontic Brackets , Resin Cements , Acid Etching, Dental/methods , Dental Stress Analysis , Humans , Materials Testing , Shear StrengthABSTRACT
Propofol is, as a result of its formulation, an ideal bacterial and yeast culture medium. An outbreak of sepsis in humans and an increase in wound infections in dogs has been ascribed to the use of propofol. It has been previously reported that a 1:1 mixture of propofol and thiopentone has bactericidal properties. This study was undertaken to determine if further serial mixtures of propofol and thiopentone maintained the bactericidal properties. Mixtures of 1:1 (solution A), 5:1 (solution B), 10:1 (solution C), 50:1 (solution D) and 100:1 (solution E) of 1% propofol to 2.5 % thiopentone, 2.5% thiopentone (solution T), 1% propofol (solution P) and saline (solution S) were prepared and inoculated with between 10(5) and 10(6) colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. A sample was withdrawn from each solution at 0, 1, 6, 12, 48 and 120 hours after inoculation and a bacterial count was performed. This study showed that thiopentone and solution A behaved in similar fashion by inhibiting bacterial growth and was bactericidal after 48 hours. Solution B was not bactericidal against S. aureus and C. albicans. Propofol and solutions D and E all supported growth of all the organisms tested. These data indicate that mixtures of propofol and thiopentone at a ratio less than 1:1 do not maintain the bactericidal properties.
