ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To better understand the characteristic morphology of angiogenic squamous dysplasia (ASD) and its association with different types of common bronchogenic carcinomas using routine white light bronchoscopy. METHODS: Using a case-control design, 186 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of bronchial tissue (136 cases, 50 controls) obtained from patients who underwent routine nonfluorescence bronchoscopy between 2004 and 2005 were studied. RESULTS: ASD occurred at a higher frequency in patients with neoplastic lesions compared with those without neoplastic lesions (28 of 136 versus one of 50). ASD was also more prevalent in patients with squamous cell carcinoma compared with other neoplasms. Seventy six per cent of the ASD patients (22 of 29) smoked cigarettes. The morphology of ASD on hematoxylin and eosin- and CD31-stained sections was characterized by prominent microvasculature and capillary projections closely juxtaposed to variable degrees of dysplasia in all of the bronchogenic carcinoma specimens, and to metaplasia in one case in the control group. CONCLUSION: ASD is a unique morphological entity that should be considered by pathologists even on bronchoscopic biopsies from patients who undergo white light bronchoscopy. The presence of ASD may represent a risk biomarker of bronchogenic carcinoma in screening programs and in chemoprevention of lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Bronchoscopy/methods , Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/pathology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Precancerous Conditions/pathology , Respiratory Mucosa/pathology , Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma of Lung , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Hyperplasia/pathology , Male , Metaplasia , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Squamous Cell/pathology , Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology , Smoking/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytomas are plasma cell tumors that tend to develop in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues including the sinonasal or nasopharyngeal regions. Primary plasmacytoma of the lung is exceedingly rare and often presents as a solitary mass or nodule in mid-lung or hilar areas and diagnosed after resection. Herein, we report a case of primary pulmonary plasmacytoma that presented with diffuse alveolar consolidation and diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Minichromosome maintenance protein 6 (MCM6) is one of the six proteins of minichromosome maintenance family that are involved in the initiation of DNA replication and thus represent a marker for proliferating cells. The aim of this study was to determine the proliferation characteristics of neoplastic cells in patients with classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded blocks of lymph node, mediastinal, subcutaneous chest wall, and lung mass biopsies of 55 patients with classic Hodgkin's lymphoma were immunostained by the proliferation-associated monoclonal antibodies; Ki-S5 (Ki-67 antigen) and Ki-MCM6 (MCM6 antigen). RESULTS: High MCM6 antigen expression was a striking feature of Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg cells (median: 85%, range: 35 - 99%) in comparison with lower Ki-67 expression (median: 63.5%, range: 1 - 98%, P<0.001). This indicates that MCM6 is already expressed in the early G1 phase, a cell cycle fraction that is not covered by antibodies specific to the Ki-67 antigen. The proliferation rates were determined by two markers, independent of histologic subtype, stage, presence of B symptoms, and size. CONCLUSION: These data show that a subset of Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells is arrested in the early G1 phase and the MCM6-positive cells do not necessarily represent the real proliferating compartment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clinical relevance of this marker in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma should be investigated.
