Effects of Breast Milk and Vanilla Odors on Premature Neonate's Heart Rate and Blood Oxygen Saturation During and After Venipuncture.

BACKGROUND: Different studies have shown that the use of olfactory stimuli during painful medical procedures reduces infants' response to pain. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of breast milk odor and vanilla odor on premature infants' vital signs including heart rate and blood oxygen saturation during and after venipuncture. METHODS: A total of 135 preterm infants were randomly selected and divided into three groups of control, vanilla odor, and breast milk odor. Infants in the breast milk group and the vanilla group were exposed to breast milk odor and vanilla odor from 5 minutes prior to sampling until 30 seconds after sampling. RESULTS: The results showed that breast milk odor has a significant effect on the changes of neonatal heart rate and blood oxygen saturation during and after venipuncture and decreased the variability of premature infants' heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. Vanilla odor has no significant effect on premature infants' heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. CONCLUSION: Breast milk odor can decrease the variability of premature infants' heart rate and blood oxygen saturation during and after venipuncture.

Comparison of Breastmilk Odor and Vanilla Odor on Mitigating Premature Infants' Response to Pain During and After Venipuncture.

OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the calming effects of breastmilk odor and vanilla odor on preterm infants during and after venipuncture. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred thirty-five preterm infants were randomly selected and divided into three groups: control, vanilla odor, and breastmilk odor. Infants in the breastmilk group were exposed to breastmilk odor, and infants in the vanilla group were exposed to vanilla odor from 5 minutes before the start of sampling until 30 seconds after sampling. The Premature Infant Pain Profile was used for calculating quality of pain in infants during and after sampling. RESULTS: Statistical analyses showed that both vanilla and breastmilk odors had calming effects on premature infants during sampling, but just breastmilk odor had calming effects on infants after the end of sampling. Compared with vanilla odor, breastmilk odor has more calming effects on premature infants. CONCLUSIONS: Breastmilk odor can be used for calming premature infants during and after venipuncture.

Effect of continuous midwifery care on length of labor.

INTRODUCTION: The process of pregnancy and labor has a dramatic impact on society's health. Considering the importance of obstetrical cares and the role and presence of midwife at parturient bedside, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of care and conti-nuous presence of midwifery on labor duration. METHODS: This was a semi-experimental study. The study population included parturient women referred to 29 Bahman Hospital in Tabriz who had normal vaginal delivery indication. 100 women were randomly se-lected and divided into experimental and control groups (50 in each group). In the expe-rimental group, obstetrical cares were provided by one midwife since the beginning of active phase of labor with her continuous presence at the bedside of parturient (continu-ing care) whereas in the control group, cares were provided by several midwives and without their continuous presence. Labor consequences (including labor duration) rec-orded for both groups. The data were analyzed through SPSS13 and inferential statistics including independent sample t-test. RESULTS: In the experimental group, the lengths of the first and second stages were shorter (per minute) than those of control group (p = 0.001). However, the length of the third stage of labor had no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.083). Totally, the lengths of delivery including the first, second and third stages were shorter in the experimental group than in control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results showed that low number of midwives and their continuous presence on bedside of parturient had a positive effect on reducing the deli-very duration. Therefore, being with "parturient" not only does promote the quality of obstetric care, also can promote the health of society.