ABSTRACT
Virological examinations of blood, urine and saliva in 75 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CG) revealed, in 95% of them, herpes-virus infections caused by herpes simplex virus, type 1 (34.4%), herpes simplex virus, type 2 (2.6%) and cytomegalovirus (12%) or mixed infections (46%). The infection rate in the control group of children without renal pathology was reliably lower. A majority of CG patients (94%) had a diagnostically significant level of antiherpetic antibodies, class IgG, which also evidence to chronic herpes-virus infection.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Glomerulonephritis/virology , Herpesviridae Infections/diagnosis , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Child , Chronic Disease , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , Glomerulonephritis/blood , Glomerulonephritis/urine , Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology , Herpesvirus 1, Human/isolation & purification , Herpesvirus 2, Human/immunology , Herpesvirus 2, Human/isolation & purification , Humans , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Saliva/virology , Virus CultivationABSTRACT
A relationship between clinical forms of glomerulonephritis and incidence of viral antigens in renal tissue was revealed: Hepatitis B virus antigens (HBsAg) are more frequently detected in the glomeruli in the patients with nephrotic glomerulonephritis, Herpes simplex antigens are detected in the glomeruli in mixed glomerulonephritis, and cytomegaloviral and Herpes simplex antigens are detected in the epithelium of the proximal canaliculi in patients with hematuric glomerulonephritis. No correlations between the persistence of Herpes simplex type 1, cytomegalovirus, and HBsAg in the renal tissue were detected. HBsAg is detected in the renal tissue mainly in the children without free HBsAg in the blood serum. This may be indicative of an important role of specific immune complexes in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis B viral infection. The results point to an appreciable contribution of a persistent viral infection to the progress of glomerulonephritis.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/analysis , Glomerulonephritis/immunology , Kidney/immunology , Biopsy , Child , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis , Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology , Humans , Kidney/pathologyABSTRACT
National immunostimulators and interferon inducers (poludan, ridostin, larifan, myelopide, vegetan) in combination with a commercial herpes vaccine (HV) were used for experimental immunization of mice. A 3-fold or greater rise of specific antibody titres was observed after a single immunization of intact BALB/c mice. In experiments in chronically infected animals a single inoculation of HV resulted in a 3-fold rise of specific antibody titres at 6 days postimmunization but not in later periods (20, 30 days). Administration of larifan, an interferon inducer, but not the immunostimulator myelopide, induced a synergic effect in these experiments. Activation of alpha-interferon production was observed early after combined use of HV and immunostimulators. It is concluded that combined experimental use of HV and immunostimulators activated both specific antibody production and interferon production.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Herpesvirus 1, Human/immunology , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Animals , Chronic Disease , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Drug Synergism , Herpes Simplex/immunology , Herpes Simplex/prevention & control , Interferon-alpha/blood , Interferon-alpha/drug effects , Meningitis, Viral/immunology , Meningitis, Viral/prevention & control , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The diagnostic value of three methods for detection of herpes virus infection caused by herpes simplex virus and cytomegaloviruses was investigated in patients with allotransplanted organs. The method of molecular hybridization was demonstrated to be more sensitive in diagnosing herpes virus infection than virological and cytological methods. Herpes virus infection can be effectively diagnosed by a complex of methods including the detection of cytomegalic cells in the urine and saliva.
Subject(s)
Heart Transplantation , Herpesviridae Infections/diagnosis , Kidney Transplantation , Liver Transplantation , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus/genetics , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , DNA Probes , DNA, Viral/genetics , Herpesviridae Infections/microbiology , Herpesviridae Infections/urine , Humans , Nucleic Acid Hybridization/methods , Postoperative Complications/microbiology , Postoperative Complications/urine , Simplexvirus/genetics , Simplexvirus/isolation & purification , Transplantation, Homologous , Urine/cytologyABSTRACT
It was shown to be necessary to control the level of antibody to cytomegalovirus in order to improve the selection of donor-recipient pairs. High antibody titres to cytomegalovirus constitute one of contraindications against allotransplantation.
