Ewing sarcoma of the jejunum: A case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Ewing sarcomas (ESs) are highly aggressive malignancy and are predominant in the long bones of extremities of children and young adults with a slight male predilection and rarely presents at extra skeletal locations. CASE SUMMARY: A 55-year-old woman came to our hospital after finding elevated tumor biomarkers during her physical examination. Her enhanced computed tomography scan showed a jejunal mass. The patient underwent laparoscopic enterectomy. The mass was later diagnosed as ES, evidenced by fluorescence in situ hybridization whereby the GLP ES breakpoint region 1 probe was used, showing that more than 10% of the cells showed a red-green-yellow signal proving the breakpoint rearrangement of the ES breakpoint region 1 gene in chromosome 22. CONCLUSION: We describe a case of localized ES at the jejunum in China based on the literature.

Incidence and risk factors of inguinal hernia occurred after radical prostatectomy-comparisons of different approaches.

BACKGROUND: To observe cumulative morbidity of postoperative inguinal hernia (PIH) and identify risk factors associated with its development in patients who underwent retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), laparoscopic prostatectomy (LRP) or robotic assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) operation. METHODS: From June 2009 to September 2016, 756 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer who had undergone RRP, LRP or RALP in our center were included in this study. Patients with PIH were retrospectively investigated in such factors as age, BMI, previous abdominal operations, diabetes mellitus history, hypertension history, prostate volume, previous hernia, operative methods, operative approach, preoperative Gleason, clinical T-stage, PLND situation, operative time, and estimated blood loss. Univariate and multivariate cox hazard regressions analysis were utilized to identify risk factors predisposing to PIH. RESULTS: A total of 53 of 751(7.1%) patients developed PIH at a median follow-up period of 43 months. PIH rate in RRP was significantly higher compared to LRP and RALP group (RRP: 15.3%, LRP: 6.7%, RALP:1.9%, P = 0.038). Right side (69.8%) and indirect (88.8%) PIH were dominant type in hernia group. Univariate and multivariate cox hazard regressions analysis indicated that age and RRP approach were identified to be implicated to PIH [adjusted hazard ratio7.39(1.18-46.39), 2.93(95% CI 1.47-5.84)]. CONCLUSIONS: RRP technique and older age, especially patients over 80 years, are associated with higher incidence for PIH development. Appropriate prophylaxis during the operation should be evaluated for those in high-risk.

Re-evaluation of purse string suture in laparoscopic appendectomy.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) using purse string invaginating sutures (PS) with those using intracorporeal knotting (IK) or Hem-o-lock polymeric clips (HL). METHODS: A total of 882 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy from January 2015 to December 2017 were studied retrospectively. Of these, 538 patients used PS, 229 patients used IK and 115 patients used HL to close the appendiceal stump. Their demographic characteristics, intraoperative findings and postoperative complications were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were similar percentages of complicated cases in all the groups (21.7% in PS vs. 21.4% in IK vs. 24.3% in HL, p = 0.803). The mean length of hospital stay was shorter in PS group when compared to IK or HL group (3.72 + 2.35 in PS vs. 4.41 + 2.40 in IK, 4.43 + 2.66 in HL, p < 0.05) as well as lower ASA scores (1.7 + 0.6 in PS vs. 1.8 + 0.6 in IK vs. 1.7 + 0.6 in HL, p < 0.05). The overall complication rates for the PS, the HL and the IK groups were 12.1, 8.7 and 9.2%, respectively. The rate of wound infection was higher in PS group for uncomplicated appendicitis (5.0% in PS vs. 2.8% in IK and 1.1% in HL, p = 0.129). Furthermore, there were no differences in the rate of intra-abdominal infection among the groups in both uncomplicated and complicated cases. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, purse string suture failed to demonstrate better postoperative outcome in laparoscopic appendectomy and is no longer recommended by our institution as initial approach.

Paradoxical approach towards coexistence of hepatic cyst and liver sarcoma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Liver sarcoma is exceedingly rare and is a clinical challenge. CASE REPORT: A 69-year-old female presented with right upper quadrant pain after a fall. Her CT scan showed multiple cysts. She was initially diagnosed as hepatic cysts with hemorrhage and underwent puncture and drainage of liver cysts. But the cysts relapsed quickly. Then she underwent fenestration of the hepatic cysts. The liver cysts reoccurred again accompanied by massive bleeding and obstructive jaundice. She underwent right trihepatectomy and her final pathological report showed liver sarcoma. However, the hepatic sarcoma reoccurred again. Its' diagnosis and treatment process are extremely complex. In the end, she had a bad ending. CONCLUSION: We believe that timely diagnosis and complete excision of liver sarcoma are very important.

A rare case of laparoscopy towards SLE with lupus mesenteric vasculitis induced ascites.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and management of acute abdomen secondary to systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has always been a clinical challenge. CASE PRESENTATION: A 21-year-old lady, with BMI 17.7, presented to our department with acute abdomen. Laparoscopy was carried out to exclude surgical emergency when conservative regimen failed. The patient revealed a history of purpuric changes and lupus test was positive for SLE. CONCLUSION: Based on our experience, early laparoscopy to alleviate acute abdomen has shown to improve the prognosis of the patient.

Lung adenocarcinoma metastasis to pancreas after the absence of primary tumour for almost two years.

This case report can argue in favour of optimal surgical management for isolated metastases to the pancreas, especially in patients with low surgical risk.

Inflammation and pancreatic cancer: An updated review.

Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with poor prognosis in the modern era. Inflammatory processes have emerged as key mediators of pancreatic cancer development and progression. Recently, studies have been carried out to investigate the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tumorigenesis induced by inflammation. In this review, the role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer is discussed.

Simultaneous occurrence of primary aldosteronism due to aldosteronoma and ectopic meningioma in the adrenal gland: A case report.

RATIONALE: Primary aldosteronism due to aldosteronoma is the most common form of secondary hypertension, with an estimated prevalence of 4% of hypertensive patients in primary care and around 10% of referred patients. Diagnosis is a clinical challenge with simultaneous occurrence of primary ectopic meningioma in the adrenal gland. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of simultaneous occurrence of aldosteronomas and ectopic meningioma in the adrenal gland based on literatures. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 30-year-old man presented with resistant hypertension for one year. The computed tomographic scans were suggestive of left adrenal gland hyperplasia. INTERVENTION: The patient underwent partial unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy. DIAGNOSIS: The histopathological examination of the resected sample confirmed primary ectopic meningioma in adrenal gland and aldosterone producing adenoma (APA). The saline load test, captopril test, and plasma aldosterone/renin ratio were indicative of primary aldosteronism (PA). OUTCOMES: The patient had controlled blood pressure postoperatively. LESSONS: The patient was diagnosed with PA due to APA and nonfunctional primary ectopic meningioma in the adrenal gland which is very rare and dealt with unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

Genetic polymorphism (rs6776158) in CaSR gene is associated with risk of nephrolithiasis in Chinese population.

The objective of this study is to find about the association between calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) genetic variants and susceptibility to nephrolithiasis in the Chinese Han population.This hospital-based case-control study included 319 nephrolithiasis cases and 378 healthy controls subjects. Two SNPs in CaSR were genotyped using the TaqMan assay.We found that subjects carrying the G allele of rs6776158 (AG and GG) had significantly higher risk of nephrolithiasis compared to the AA genotype (P = .015 and .009, respectively).Our results indicate that rs6776158 polymorphism that might elevate the risk of nephrolithiasis in the Chinese population.

Surgical approach towards Grynfelt hernia: A single center experience.

Due to the rarity of Grynfelt hernia, there is no standardized surgical technique.From April 2010 to September 2017, 12 cases of primary superior lumbar hernia (Grynfelt hernia) were identified through medical records reviewing and included in our study. Perioperative data, surgical outcomes, and long-term follow-up results were retrospectively analysed.Male/female ratio of patients was 1:1, with age 69.5 (62, 74.5) [median (25 percentile, 75 percentile)] years old. Right/left side ratio of lumbar hernia was 9/3. The in-hospital duration was 7 (5, 8) days. The surgical duration was 35 (30, 50) minutes. The defect size was 2.1 (1.5, 3) cm in diameter. The discharge of the patient was on 3 (2, 4) post-operative day (POD). The meshes used were: MK5816 (10), MK5810 (1), and UHS (1). There was only 1 case of postoperative complication where the patient was admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) due to hypoxemia. Morbidity, mortality, and recurrence cases were null.Our study indicates that open surgery with mesh implantation is a reliable way for the management of primary superior lumbar hernia.

Neuralgia due to iliohypogastric nerve injury after inguinal hernioplasty: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Neuralgia due to iliohypogastric nerve entrapment from sutures and mesh after inguinal hernioplasty is a rare entity in clinic. Its' awareness and management remain a clinical challenge. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 54-year-old male who presented with post-operative pain after 1 month and sensory disturbances of the right lower limb. He underwent partial neurectomy and during the surgery it was found that there was injury to iliohypogastric nerve due to entrapment from sutures and mesh. CONCLUSION: We hope to strengthen awareness about the importance of the identification of iliohypogastric nerve during inguinal hernioplasty.

Para-duodenal hernia: a report of five cases and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: Para-duodenal hernia (PDH) represents rare clinical entities based on few literatures. CASE PRESENTATION: We report five cases of Para-duodenal hernia, all occurring in male patients ranging from 34 to 75 years of age. The patients had varied manifestations presenting with abdominal pain with or without vomiting and nausea and with or without signs of intestinal obstruction. CT images showed cluster of dilated bowel segments with displaced mesenteric vessels at hernial orifice. Laparoscopic surgical approach was adopted, and the patients were discharged about a week later without further complications. CONCLUSION: We hope to raise awareness about the management of this rare clinical entity and the benefits of CT imaging and laparoscopic surgery as standard approaches.

Testis Tumor of Ovarian Epithelial Type: A Rare Case.

Ovarian epithelial type tumors of the testis have been a rare clinical entity. Its awareness and management remain a clinical challenge. We described the case of an 18-year-old, obese male patient who presented with scrotal enlargement. He underwent eversion of tunica vaginalis and resection of epididymal mass. The histology of the resected sample showed an ovarian epithelial type borderline tumor. We believe our case helps to strengthen awareness and management of this rare disease.