ABSTRACT
Ewing sarcoma is a malignant tumor of bone that rarely spreads to the head and neck. We describe an unusual case of metastatic Ewing sarcoma involving the calvarium mimicking olfactory neuroblastoma, an uncommon neuroectodermal tumor of the anterior skull base. Pertinent clinical, radiological, and pathologic features of these tumors are described, with particular attention to their imaging characteristics.
Subject(s)
Sarcoma, Ewing/diagnosis , Skull Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/diagnosis , Fibula/pathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neoplasm Metastasis , Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology , Sarcoma, Ewing/surgery , Skull Neoplasms/pathology , Skull Neoplasms/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
A yeast-derived phosphomannan mixture was chemically sulfonated and the composition and structure of the product mixture was studied. This phosphosulfomannan mixture, PI-88, is currently under clinical evaluation as an anti-cancer agent. Analysis using capillary electrophoresis demonstrated that PI-88 was a multi-component mixture. Gel permeation chromatography provided four fractions of PI-88 that contained components which differed in size from disaccharide to hexasaccharide, and by degree of sulfation. These fractions were characterised by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and the structure of PI-88 is that expected based on the structure of the phosphomannan starting material. The anticoagulant activity of these fractions was evaluated and the structural requirements for activity are described.
