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J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth ; 33(2): 511-520, 2019 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30502310

ABSTRACT

Patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery may be exposed to heparin before surgery, during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), or in the immediate postoperative period. For this reason, cardiovascular surgery patients are at increased risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), occurring in 1 to 3% of patients. The diagnosis of HIT can be difficult, if based solely on the development of thrombocytopenia, because cardiac surgical patients have multiple reasons to be thrombocytopenic. Several clinical scoring systems have been developed to reduce unnecessary testing and better define the pretest probability of HIT, which we will review in detail with a diagnostic algorithm. In addition, we will cover the prevention and treatment HIT.


Subject(s)
Anesthesiologists , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/adverse effects , Critical Care , Heparin/adverse effects , Thrombocytopenia/chemically induced , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Humans , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Thromboembolism/etiology , Thromboembolism/prevention & control
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