ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the increased production of oilseed rape, there has been a simultaneous enhancement in reports on pathogens causing diseases. Magnetic technology has been recognized as a new agricultural method aimed at improving health and crop production. In this work, the effect of magnetic fields was studied on the mycelial growth and conidia formation of Leptosphaeria maculans Gol125 and Leptosphaeria biglobosa KH36, the causal agents of Phoma stem cancer (blackleg) disease in rapeseed. In addition, seeds exposed to eight direct frequencies of magnetic fields were impregnated with pathogen suspension and grown under greenhouse conditions. The growth speed of both pathogen isolates decreased by 1-28% in GOL125 and 6-46% in KH36 over time in cultures exposed to magnetic fields. However, the number of conidia increased significantly under magnetic field exposure, reaching 5.4 × 107 and 7.7 × 107 SFU/ml in KH36 and GOL125 isolates, respectively. Furthermore, in greenhouse conditions, an increase in photosynthetic pigment levels was observed in almost all of the magnetic field-treated plants. In addition, disease incidence decreased by around 6% in the magnetic field-treated plants. This study represents the first evaluation of magnetic technology in controlling plant diseases. The use of magnetic fields may present a viable strategy for a sustainable production system; however, it requires further advanced studies to improve plant health and productivity.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) decreases the prevalence of gastric cancer, and may inhibit gastric precancerous lesions progression into gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of treatment on subsequent gastric precancerous lesion development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively studied 27 patients who had low grade dysplasia at the time of enrollment, in addition to dysplasia atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia observed in all patients. All were prescribed quadruple therapy to treat H. Pylori infection for 10 days. Patients underwent endoscopy with biopsy at enrollment and then at follow up two years later. Biopsy samples included five biopsies from the antrum of lesser curvature, antrum of greater curvature, angularis, body of stomach and fundus. RESULTS of these biopsies were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS: Overall, the successful eradication rate after two years was 15/27 (55.6%). After antibiotic therapy, the number of patients with low grade dysplasia decreased significantly (p=0.03), also with reduction of the atrophic lesions (p=0.01), but not metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of H. pylori likely is an effective therapy in preventing the development of subsequent gastric premalignant lesions.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Gastritis, Atrophic/pathology , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Metaplasia/pathology , Precancerous Conditions/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gastritis, Atrophic/drug therapy , Gastritis, Atrophic/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/pathology , Humans , Male , Metaplasia/drug therapy , Metaplasia/microbiology , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Precancerous Conditions/drug therapy , Precancerous Conditions/microbiology , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy , Stomach Neoplasms/microbiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The university student health surveillance system can play a key role in the health promotion of the educated class of the society. This can be done through collecting information related to health and using it for screening and prevention of disease. Hence, this article will be based on the necessity of existence of such system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used interview and focus group discussion in this qualitative study. The participants were the health system authors, experts, student service administrators, and also students. Content analysis was done after data saturation by the research team. RESULTS: Based on thematic analysis, 249 codes were obtained, and about 20 themes or main expressions were extracted by separating purported sentences and combining them, and omitting overlaps. These themes were summarized into 13 subcategories and finally 4 main categories. The four categories included necessity of surveillance, stewardship, components of health surveillance system, and administrative consideration. CONCLUSIONS: From the participants' point of view, it seems necessary to have a health surveillance system for students; this system must be in accordance with the health system of the country. The Ministry of Health is the best option for stewardship of the system; however, it needs universities' support. Need assessment, performing a pilot study, and considering a program for quality control can guarantee for success in this program.
