Evaluating the results of eyebrow lift by combining methods of subcutaneous flap and thread support in patients with droopy eyebrows.

BACKGROUND: Brow lift also known as eyebrow lift was first described in 1919, and since then, many changes have been made in the methods of doing it, although there is still no agreed method of absolute superiority for eyebrow lift. Most previous studies have reported the results generally qualitatively and based on patient or surgeon satisfaction. In this study, by combining two less complicated methods of eyebrow lift, we have evaluated the quantitative results. METHOD: Before the surgery, a standard photograph of the face was taken. The vertical distance between the tail of the eyebrow and interpupillary line was determined. RESULTS: This study was performed on 15 females with a mean age of 38.27 ± 6.82 years. The mean distance between the eyebrow and interpupillary line by photographic measurement before surgery, 3 weeks, and 6 months after surgery was, respectively, 10.45 ± 1.74, 15.72 ± 1.77, and 13.53 ± 1.69 mm using the tail of the eyebrow and 18.47 ± 1.67, 23.33 ± 1.57, and 21.55 ± 1.66 mm using the crown of the eyebrow. In the clinical measurement, the eyebrow tail was 11.98 ± 1.75, 19.22 ± 1.73, 17.35 ± 1.68 and 15.13 ± 1.76 mm away from the pupil line, and the crown of eyebrow was 20.45 ± 1.90, 27.12 ± 1.58, 25.00 ± 1.80, and 23.35±1.78 mm. There is a significant difference between the distance of the tail of the eyebrow and the crown of the eyebrow in both measurement methods (photographic and clinical) at different times (p-value <0.001). CONCLUSION: Performing eyebrow lift with the Pretrichial method has many comparative advantages to other methods. Additionally, eyebrow lift with the thread support is a less invasive method.

Management of Oral Lichen Planus by 980 nm Diode Laser.

Introduction: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a mucocutaneous disease with uncertain etiology. As the etiology is unknown standard treatment modalities are not available. The traditional and common treatment relies on corticosteroids whether topical or systemic. In recent years, development of lasers made a proper path to use this instrument for treatment of the diseases which are refractory to conventional treatments. Previous studies in this field used CO2, ND:YAG, Excimer and some wavelength of diode lasers for the treatment of different types of lichen planus. Case Report: In this study, we present an OLP case which is treated using 980 nm diode laser. The result was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and clinical assessment; as a result, symptoms including pain and soreness started to decrease within a week, and by the end of a month completely subsided; the lesion disappeared totally as well. No recurrence was observed after a month and no side-effect was reported. Conclusion: 980 nm diode laser can be successfully used for treatment of patients with OLP.

Dimensional Changes of the Upper Lip Using Dermis Fat Graft for Lip Augmentation.

PURPOSE: Lip augmentation is a facial cosmetic procedure used to augment a thin upper lip or correct a lip deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate dimensional changes 12 months after dermis fat grafting along the centerpiece of the upper lip. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, a strip dermis fat graft was harvested from various sites, namely the presacral, pre-abdominal, and suprapubic regions, and used for augmentation of the upper lip. Then, it was placed in a pocket prepared in the center of the upper lip near the border between the wet and dry areas using a cannula. Upper lip vermilion show and lip projection were evaluated before and 12 months after augmentation using preoperative and postoperative photographs and digital imaging software. Age and gender were variable factors of the study. Changes of vermilion show and lip projection were considered outcomes of the study. Paired t test was used to compare vermilion show and lip projection before and 12 months after grafting. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were studied. No serious complication arose during the study and all patients were satisfied. The mean change for vermilion show was 1.73 ± 0.74 mm and that for lip projection was 2.33 ± 0.68 mm. Quantitative analysis showed that vermilion show and projection of the upper lip improved significantly (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Augmentation of the lip with dermis fat grafting can be a safe and reliable method to treat thin lips.

Bond strength of two resin cements to dentin after disinfection pretreatment: effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser compared with chemical antibacterial agent.

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effects of two disinfection procedures (2% chlorhexidine [CHX] solution versus Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation) on the shear bond strength of ED primer II/Panavia F2.0 (ED/P) and Excite DSC/Variolink N (Ex/V). BACKGROUND DATA: Different methods are used for cavity disinfection prior to adhesive cementation, which may influence the bonding ability of resin cements. METHODS: Flat dentin surfaces were prepared on 100 extracted premolars and randomly divided into 10 groups. In the eight experimental groups, indirect composite samples were cemented with either ED/P or Ex/V under three disinfecting conditions on the dentin surface as follows: (1) CHX application before ED primer II/ after etching, (2) wet laser irradiation (Er,Cr:YSGG laser, 20 Hz, 0.75 W, 15% water +15% air), (3) dry laser irradiation with no water and air cooling. The control groups had no disinfectant application. After 24 h water storage, bond strength test was performed. The data (MPa) were analyzed using two way ANOVA and Tukey tests. RESULTS: The lowest and highest bond strengths were obtained by dry laser and wet laser (10.18±2.67 and 17.36±2.94 for ED/P, 9.64±2.66 and 20.07±3.36 for Ex/V, respectively). For each cement, two-by-two comparisons of four groups revealed significant differences only for dry laser with others (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The use of CHX and Er,Cr:YSGG laser at the low fluences with water/air cooling as the antibacterial agents does not adversely influence the bonding ability of the etch-and-rinse and the self-etch cements.

Bond strength of composite-resin and resin-modified glass ionomer to bleached enamel: delay bonding versus an antioxidant agent.

OBJECTIVES: As enamel bond strength of the resin-modified materials is reduced after bleaching, a delay bonding of at least 1 week is recommended. This study investigated the efficacy of 10% sodium ascorbate hydrogel on the bond strength of bleached enamel as an antioxidant agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six human, sound molars divided into eight groups. Buccal enamel surfaces of specimens in two negative control groups after preparation were bonded by the Z100 CR using the single-bond adhesive and Vitremer RmGI. Specimens in other groups after enamel preparation were bleached with 9.5% hydrogen peroxide. In two positive control groups, bonding of CR and RmGI was performed immediately after bleaching. Specimens in two other groups were immersed in distilled water after bleaching, and then CR and RmGI were bonded after 1 week. In last two groups, 10% sodium ascorbate hydrogel was applied after bleaching, and then they were bonded by CR and RmGI. The specimens were placed under shear force. STATISTICS: ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Application of 10% sodium ascorbate hydrogel immediately before bonding and delay bonding for 1 week eliminated the negative effects of bleaching on CR and RmGI enamel bond strength. CONCLUSION: Application of 10% sodium ascorbate hydrogel or 1 week period elapsed after bleaching could significantly increase the enamel bond strength to a normal value.