ABSTRACT
The use of immunomodulators in the treatment of subjects with postvaccinal reactions to TEOVac was investigated. The most effective schemes were shown to be those with the use of viferon or combination of arbidol and licopide. The terms of the response signs cupping off were much shorter vs. the cases treated with polyoxidonium. The immunomodulating factors did not affect the intensity of the immunity to the vaccine virus.
Subject(s)
Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/analogs & derivatives , Immunologic Factors/pharmacology , Indoles/pharmacology , Interferon-alpha/pharmacology , Smallpox Vaccine/adverse effects , Tonsillitis , Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine/pharmacology , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , Immunization/adverse effects , Interferon alpha-2 , Piperazines/pharmacology , Polymers/pharmacology , Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology , Smallpox Vaccine/administration & dosage , Smallpox Vaccine/immunology , Tonsillitis/drug therapy , Tonsillitis/etiology , Vaccinia virus/immunologyABSTRACT
Clinical trials of tabletted pox vaccine revealed development of tonsillitis as a postvaccinal reaction in some volunteers: ulceronecrotic lesions in the tonsils, lymphadenitis, hyperthermia and asthenia. The main cause of the local inflammatory reactions was activation of the host opportunistic microflora including hemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. For the treatment of the infectious complications systemic antimicrobials, such as benzylpenicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) in combination with the symptomatic therapy were used. The treatment course of 9 days provided complete elimination of the postvaccinal reactions, the specific antibody generation being not affected.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Smallpox Vaccine/adverse effects , Tonsillitis/drug therapy , Ulcer/drug therapy , Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Humans , Necrosis/drug therapy , Necrosis/etiology , Palatine Tonsil/drug effects , Palatine Tonsil/pathology , Smallpox Vaccine/immunology , Tonsillitis/etiology , Tonsillitis/pathology , Ulcer/etiology , Vaccinia virus/immunologyABSTRACT
The use of guinea pigs as a laboratory model was proven to be appropriate in investigating the protective properties of a heterological immunoglobulin against Bolivian hemorrhagic fever at the preclinical stage of the study. A highly pathogenic Machupo virus strain that caused guinea pigs' death with respect with an agent's dose was cultivated. Injection of 1.0 ml of the immunoglobulin provided a 100% protective effect for the guinea pigs infected with the highly pathogenic Machupo virus strain in a dose of 10 LD50.
Subject(s)
Arenaviridae Infections/therapy , Arenaviruses, New World , Immunoglobulins/administration & dosage , Immunoglobulins/immunology , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Guinea Pigs , Injections, IntramuscularABSTRACT
In the clinical trials of vaccine TEOVac in lower and reglamented doses under the conditions of remote vaccination, carried out on 11 volunteers, local reactions in the form of hyperemia, gingival edema (1 vaccinee), faucial hyperemia, enlargement of submaxillary lymph nodes (2 vaccinees) were registered in some of the vaccines; in one vaccinee systemic postvaccinal reaction of medium gravity was observed. Revaccination produced no negative effect on the hematological and biochemical characteristics of the blood, as well as on the urine characteristics. The study of the sensitizing vaccine to the antigens of the accumulation substrate (chick embryo), as well as its influence on the development of autoimmune reactions, revealed the absence of the allergic action of the preparation and its influence on autoimmune processes in the vaccines. The trial of the smallpox vaccine in tablets under the conditions of the primary immunization of adults was the topical and most promising trend in the improvement of smallpox vaccination, as the preparation TEOVac proved to be safe, in contrast to the traditional smallpox vaccine introduced by the scarification method, for both vaccines and nonimmunized persons having contacts with them.
