ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Burnout amongst radiologists is common in many different institutions and is increasing day by day. To battle burnout, we have to address the root causes already recognized in published literature. Therefore, it is crucial to examine and discern important publications. AIM: To provide evidence-based data and trends related to burnout in radiologists so that researchers can work on it further and develop preventive strategies to overcome this problem. METHODS: Bibliometric analysis conducted by two independent reviewers separately used Scopus Library for data extraction by using medical subject heading and International Classification of Diseases keywords. Forty-nine articles were selected for analysis after an extensive scrutiny. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 was used for analysis. Pearson correlation coefficient, Kruskal Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test were applied. RESULTS: The most productive period with regards to the number of publications was between 2017 and 2019. A total of 160 authors contributed to the topic burnout among radiologists, with an average of 3.26 authors per paper. About 41.68% of the authors were female, whilst 35% of them were first authors. The co-citation analysis by author involved 188 cited authors, 13 of whom were cited at least 70 times. Only six out of forty-nine studies were funded by various government institutions and non-governmental organizations. CONCLUSION: Current analysis casts a spotlight on important trends being witnessed in regard to the mental health of radiologists, including lack of funding for mental health research, narrowing of female vs male citation gap, as well as authorship and citation trends.
ABSTRACT
The Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) is a more aggressive tumor with 5 years median survival rates after metastasis. Despite successful treatment, unfortunately, the majority of affected patients die. Defects in cell cycle and transcription regulation phases which are governed by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are the hallmark of many cancers that underpinning the progression of the disease. Therefore, the current study looked at the alteration of six CDKs mRNA expression levels in pre- and postmenopausal lung metastasis BC groups; the majority were HER2+. Two hundred pre-and postmenopausal lung metastasis breast cancer and healthy control blood samples were taken for RNA isolation. Quantitative PCR was done for CDKs mRNA expressions. We observed overexpression of CDK11, CDK12, CDK17, CDK18, and CDK19 in both pre- and postmenopausal groups. However, CDK20 showed progressive downregulation from early to advanced stages in both groups of patients. Collectively, this data revealed that CDKs overexpression levels may predict BC disease progression and provide further rationale for novel anticancer strategies for HER2+ BC cancers.
ABSTRACT
In Breast cancer, Lung is the second most common site of metastasis after the bone. Various factors are responsible for Lung metastasis occurring secondary to Breast cancer. Cancer cellderived secretory factors are commonly known as 'Cancer Secretomes'. They exhibit a prompt role in the mechanism of Breast cancer lung metastasis. They are also major constituents of hostassociated tumor microenvironment. Through cross-talk between cancer cells and the extracellular matrix components, cancer cell-derived extracellular matrix components (CCECs) such as hyaluronan, collagens, laminin and fibronectin cause ECM remodeling at the primary site (breast) of cancer. However, at the secondary site (lung), tenascin C, periostin and lysyl oxidase, along with pro-metastatic molecules Coco and GALNT14, contribute to the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN) by promoting ECM remodeling and lung metastatic cells colonization. Cancer cell-derived secretory factors by inducing cancer cell proliferation at the primary site, their invasion through the tissues and vessels and early colonization of metastatic cells in the PMN, potentiate the mechanism of Lung metastasis in Breast cancer. On the basis of biochemical structure, these secretory factors are broadly classified into proteins and non-proteins. This is the first review that has highlighted the role of cancer cell-derived secretory factors in Breast cancer Lung metastasis (BCLM). It also enumerates various researches that have been conducted to date in breast cancer cell lines and animal models that depict the prompt role of various types of cancer cell-derived secretory factors involved in the process of Breast cancer lung metastasis. In the future, by therapeutically targeting these cancer driven molecules, this specific type of organ-tropic metastasis in breast cancer can be successfully treated.
