ABSTRACT
Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia (CLH) is a cutaneous pseudolymphoma with a worldwide distribution, equally affecting all races and ethnic groups. Due to its vast array of characteristics, it is most often missed in the differential diagnosis of firm to soft lumps on the head and neck. A systematic approach to the workup and diagnosis along with treatment of such lesions is discussed in this article. A 20-year-old Asian Indian female presented to our Oral and Maxillofacial unit with a lump on the left side of her forehead for 1 month. Local examination revealed a 2.5×3.0 cm2, well circumscribed swelling over the left para median region that was firm to doughy and non-tender. There was no other significant finding on general examination. Excisional biopsy of the lesion was performed, followed by histopathologic processing. The general etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, clinical course, prognosis, treatment, and prevention have been discussed in line with the recent modalities of diagnosis and treatment of CLH. Due to the overlapping clinical and histological characteristics of CLH with many other lesions, it is important to consider this lesion in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions.
ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Grossing and microscopic examination of the received specimens in a histopathological laboratory is a routine procedure for achieving a fi nal diagnosis. Errors in either of the steps may lead to an inaccurate diagnosis since wrong orientation of the specimen may either cause diagnostic delays or pose a diagnostic dilemma. Stereomicroscope is an important accessory instrument which can be used to study a variety of specimens. It not only enables us to study the surface details but also aids in minute work including dissection and microsurgery to name a few. AIM: To assess the effectiveness of stereomicroscope in routine grossing and its role in arriving at a final diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases from the archives of the department for which stereomicroscopic evaluation was done were retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stereomicroscopic images aided not only in the proper orientation of the specimen but also in the diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Oral exfoliative cytology is a sensitive and reliable diagnostic tool for the early diagnosis of oral cancer. Traditional exfoliative cytology, though popular, has limitations which could be overcome using cytocentrifuge preparations. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of cytocentrifuged specimens with that of conventionally prepared smears in the diagnosis of oral premalignancy and malignancy. STUDY DESIGN: Exfoliative cytology was performed on 30 patients with oral premalignant and malignant lesions. The yield was smeared immediately onto a slide for conventional exfoliative cytology (group A). The lesion was then scraped again and the yield was suspended in a bottle containing a fixative solution for cytocentrifuge apparatus-assisted smearing (group B). Both smears were stained with rapid Papanicolaou stain and assessed for cellularity, cellular and nuclear morphology, evaluation of mitosis and background. RESULT: All the criteria assessed were statistically significant (p value of <0.001) in group B except for mitosis, which was significant in group A. CONCLUSION: Cytocentrifuge preparations can preserve the cellular details and reduce the overlapping of cells, enabling precise interpretation and thus aiding in the diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity.
