Inverse Correlation between Serum C-Reactive Protein and Magnesium Levels in Smokers and Nonsmokers.

BACKGROUND: Smoking plays a key role in increasing the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP). AIMS: To examine inverse correlation between CRP and magnesium levels in smokers and nonsmokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 192 healthy adult male subjects were included in the present study, out of which 96 were smokers and the remaining 96 were nonsmokers having age range from 20 to 40 years, and all the subjects belonged to District Matyari of Hyderabad. Serum CRP was measured by NycoCard standard kit method and magnesium levels by DiaSys standard kit method in smokers and nonsmokers. RESULTS: The levels of serum CRP in smokers (14.62 ± 0.16 mg/L) is high as compared to nonsmokers (4.81 ± 0.38 mg/L), which is highly significant (P < 0.001). However, inverse results were seen for serum magnesium levels which were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in nonsmokers (2.52 ± 0.18 mg/L) as compared to the smokers (1.09 ± 0.38 mg/dL). A significant (P < 0.001) inverse relationship between serum CRP and magnesium concentrations were seen in smokers. CONCLUSION: This result shows that smoking increases serum CRP, an inflammatory marker parallel to decrease in serum magnesium levels in smokers having 20-40 years of age.

Effect of smoking on serum xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of smoking on blood levels of xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde in acute myocardial infarction patients. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2013 and comprised myocardial infarction in-patients at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital, Jamshoro, and Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad. Serum samples from age and gender matched smoking and non-smoking patients were investigated for the levels of xanthine oxidase and malondialdehyde by kit methods. RESULTS: Of the 88 serum samples investigated, 68(77.3%) belonged to men and 20(22.7%) to women. Among the 44 smokers, 35(79.5%) were men and 9(20.5%) were women.The overall mean age of the group was 49.6±8.0 years. Among the 44 non-smokers, 33(75%) were men and 11(25%) women. The overall mean age of the group was 50.9±8.4 Years. Smokers compared to non-smokers had significantly raised mean serum xanthine oxidase (0.31±0.05 vs 0.28±0.03mg/dl; p<0.05) and malondialdehyde (32.29±3.30 vs 30.30±2.87 µmol/L; p<0.04) levels. CONCLUSION: Smokers as against the non-smokers were at higher risk of developing acute myocardial infarction owing to increased level of oxidative stress caused by smoking.

Evaluation of the effect of smoking on complete blood counts, serum C-reactive protein and magnesium levels in healthy adult male smokers.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of smoking on complete blood count, serum C-reactive protein and magnesium levels in male smokers. METHODS: The prospective case-control study was conducted in two villages of Matiari district in rural Sindh, Pakistan, from July to December 2013, and comprised healthy adult male smokers and an equal number of matching non-smokers as controls.The complete blood count, serum C-reactive protein and magnesium levels in all the subjects were measured to assess the effect of smoking on these parameters. RESULTS: The two groups had 48 subjects each with an overall age range of 20-40 years. The results of complete blood count were comparable except for lymphocyte, which was significantly higher (p<0.001), and neutrophil, which was lower (p<0.001) in smokers than in the non-smokers. Serum C-reactive protein concentrations among the cases (14.62±0.16mg/L) compared to the controls (4.81±0.38mg/L) were significantly higher (p<0.001). However, reverse was true for serum magnesium levels which were significantly higher (p<0.001) in the controls (2.52±0.18mg/L) as against the cases (1.09±0.38mg/dl).Serum C-reactive protein-to-magnesium ratio was significantly higher (p<0.001) in smokers than in the non-smokers. CONCLUSION: Lymphocyte count was higher while neutrophil count was lower in smokers. Smoking also caused significant increase in serum C-reactive protein concentration concomitant to decrease in magnesium concentration in the smokers.