ABSTRACT
One of modern methods of estimating health losses under malignant neoplasms in economic terms, characterizing number of deaths and age of death are lost years of potential life. The cumulative losses from premature cancer mortality made up to 29 217.5 man-years in 2013 and 39 710 man-years in 2021. The number of years lost over 9 years increased by 10 492.5 man-years despite decreasing of mortality across all ages. The rate of lost years of potential life during this period increased from 5.3 to 6.2 years. The maximal contribution to lost years of potential life was made by population groups 45-59 years old. Total losses from premature mortality from cervical cancer were 2682.5 man-years and 2411 man-years in 2013 in 2021. The number of years lost decreased by 271.5 man-years. The rate of lost years of potential life during this period increased from 0.5 to 3.7 years. The greatest contribution to lost years of potential life was made by population groups 60-64 and 40-49 years old. The calculation demonstrated that there are significant reserves for reducing population mortality from malignant neoplasms in most vulnerable age population groups that is important for organization of oncological care and planning of target prevention programs.
Subject(s)
Life Expectancy , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Adult , Life Expectancy/trends , Kyrgyzstan/epidemiology , Male , Aged , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality , Mortality, Premature/trends , Uterine Neoplasms/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: At present, little is known about the genetic background of breast cancer (BC) in Kyrgyz. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess gene-to-gene interactions and the contribution of p.Arg72Pro (TP53 gene), p.Gln399Arg (XRCC1 gene), p.Arg194Trp (XRCC1 gene), g.4682G > A (TNFα gene), p.Val353Ala (HMMR gene), c.14 + 309 T > G (MDM2 gene) and g.38444 T > G (PALB2 gene) polymorphic loci in breast cancer (BC) risk in females of Kyrgyz ethnicity. METHODS: The case-control study comprised 103 females with histologically verified BC and 102 controls with no cancer. We used polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism to genotype polymorphic loci. RESULTS: Gln/Arg heterozygous variant of XRCC1 gene's p.Gln399Arg locus, as well as combined carriage of Arg/Gln//Arg/Pro of XRCC1/TP53; Arg/Gln//T/T of XRCC1/MDM2; Arg/Gln//G/G and Arg/Gln//G/A of XRCC1/TNFα, Arg/Gln//T/T of XRCC1/PALB2; Arg/Gln//Arg/Arg and Arg/Gln//Arg/Trp for p.Gln399Arg and p.Arg194Trp polymorphic loci of XRCC1 were associated with BC in Kyrgyz females. CONCLUSION: TP53, XRCC1, TNFα, HMMR, MDM2 and PALB2 genes' polymorphic site combinations appear to be candidate markers of genetic predisposition to BC in Kyrgyz population and prompt targeted personalized care.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Gene Regulatory Networks , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Adult , Aged , Asian People/genetics , Breast/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein/genetics , Female , Genetic Loci , Humans , Kyrgyzstan/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/genetics , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1/geneticsABSTRACT
The paper is devoted to comparative estimation of radiation and combined therapy of laryngeal cancer patients using combined radiomodification including local hyperthermia, total hyperthermia, chemotherapy and a method of dynamic dose fractionation. Complete and significant tumor regression at a dose of 32 Gy was noted in the study group (77 patients) and in the control group (64%). Radiotherapy against a background of combined radiomodification tends to increase the 3-year survival up to 86% as compared to 66.7% in the control group.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Adult , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Bleomycin/administration & dosage , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Glucose/administration & dosage , Humans , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Laryngeal Neoplasms/complications , Laryngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Radiation Injuries/epidemiology , Radiotherapy Dosage , Remission InductionABSTRACT
Potentiation of the effect of radiation and combined treatment of laryngeal cancer by local hyperthermia was studied in 43 patients. In 51 cases of the control group (radiotherapy), conventionally-dynamic fractionation of dose was used. At 32 Gy, complete or partial regression of tumor was observed in 72.1% in the study group and 64.7% of controls. An increased frequency of radiation-induced damage of the oral mucosa was observed whereas radiation epidermitis did not occur. Three-year relapse-free survival following a course of radical thermoradiotherapy was as high as 76.5% compared to 40% in controls. Overall three-year survival (including the results of combined treatment and treatment for relapse) increased from 66.7 to 83.3%.
